Chapter 17 The Cardiovascular System I: The Heart

Calculate the end-systolic volume (ESV) if the end-diastolic volume (EDV) in a resting heart is 110 ml and stroke volume (SV) is 70 ml.

40 ml

The amount of blood remaining in each ventricle at the end of the ventricular ejection phase is normally about:

50 ml

How much blood is pumped from each ventricle during the ventricular ejection phase?

70 ml

Which of the following decreases heart rate?

Acetylcholine

The P wave on an electrocardiogram (ECG) represents the depolarization of cells in the:

Atria

Which hormone decreases cardiac output by decreasing blood volume and preload?

Atrial natriuretic peptide

Autorhythmicity is the responsibility of:

Cardiac pacemaker cells

Inotropic agents affect:

Contractility

The right side of the heart receives:

Deoxygenated blood from the systemic circuit

What largely determines preload?

End-diastolic volume (EDV)

The visceral pericardium is the same as the:

Epicardium

There are two phases of the cardiac cycle in which all four heart valves are open: isovolumetric contraction phase and the isovolumetric relaxation phase.

False

High pressured blood in the ventricles:

Forces the semilunar valves open

The pulmonary circuit involves blood flow from the heart to and from the:

Lungs

A damaged atrioventricular (AV) bundle or atrioventricular (AV) node will primarily affect the length of the:

P-R interval

During what part of the action potential will calcium ions enter the contractile cell?

Plateau phase

The degree of stretch experienced by the sarcomeres in the ventricle cells before they contract is called:

Preload

What is the function of the valves in the heart?

Prevent backflow of blood through the heart

Which vessel is guarded by a semilunar valve at its base?

Pulmonary trunk

Which of the following vessels carries oxygenated blood?

Pulmonary vein

What vessel(s) deliver oxygenated blood to the left atrium?

Pulmonary veins

Which of the following can be used to measure heart rate?

R-R interval

What valve prevents the backflow of blood from the right ventricle into the right atrium?

Right atrioventricular valve (tricuspid valve)

The right and left atria depolarize and contract following the arrival of the action potential from the:

Sinoatrial (SA) node

What normally serves as the pacemaker of the entire heart?

Sinoatrial (SA) node

What two values are needed in order to calculate cardiac output (CO) for a ventricle?

Stroke volume (SV) and heart rate (HR)

Blood in the right atrium should travel next past the:

Tricuspid valve and into the right ventricle.

The cardiac conduction system is normally regulated by a population of pacemaker cells known as the sinoatrial (SA) node.

True

The left side of the heart is often called the systemic pump due to blood flow to the body.

True

Both the left and right atria receive blood from:

Veins