Chapter 19 History
As the Grange grew, it began to focus on...
Political Action
What political movement resulted from the frustrations of rural America in the late nineteenth century?
Populism
Which statement is true regarding General Shafter's advance on Santiago?
Problems of disease and supply hampered the undertaking.
Why were Americans more comfortable with the annexation of Puerto Rico than with the annexation of the Philippines?
Puerto Rico was a nearby Caribbean island and fit within the notion of U.S. dominance of the Western Hemisphere.
The depression that followed the Panic of 1893 demonstrated the dependence of the American economy on...
Railroads
Of the several factors affecting Americans' loyalty to their chosen party, which appears to have been the most important?
Region
What was NOT accomplished at the founding convention of the People's Party in 1892?
Rejection of the idea of currency based on silver
Republican candidate James G. Blaine was accused of tolerating a slander on ______ during the presidential campaign of 1884.
Roman Catholics
The Open Door policy was not received well by governments outside of China, and ______ rejected it outright.
Russia
Why did the Americans abandon their original plan and quickly mobilize troops to proceed to Santiago?
A Spanish fleet slipped passed the American navy and into Santiago harbor.
The view of most of the general American public was that the Spanish-American War was...
A "splendid little war"
A voter's party identification in the nineteenth century was usually a reflection of...
Cultural inclinations
With few exceptions, the political parties of the late nineteenth century held very similar views on important public issues.
True
By the time of the Spanish-American War, Spain's once formidable empire included which two prized island possessions?
- Cuba - The Philippines
Which statements regarding the Spanish-American War are true?
- Cuban rebels did most of the fighting even after the Americans joined in the war. - The war lasted only a few months and there were fewer than 500 American battle casualties. - The Cuban insurgents had much higher casualty rates than the Americans.
Which proposals were part of the Omaha platform of 1892?
- Electing U.S. senators directly - Abolishing national banks
What were among the major reasons for an increase in American imperialism at the end of the nineteenth century?
- Expanding U.S. political power - Increasing overseas trade
In the late nineteenth century, Americans were eying Hawaii for which two reasons?
- For its sugar exports - For a permanent base for American ships
Which changes were enacted by President McKinley's secretary of war?
- Founding the Joint Chiefs of Staff - Defining standards for the National Guard - Increasing the size of the regular army
The Sherman Antitrust Act had no impact in the first decade after passage, for which reasons?
- Ineffectual enforcement of the law - Dilution in the law's strength after court rulings
Which forces helped calm the country after William McKinley was elected president in 1896?
- McKinley's commitment to reassuring stability - The easing of the economic crisis - The exhaustion of frustrated dissenters
In the election of 1892, Populist candidates were successful in gaining which offices?
- Seats in Congress - Seats in state legislatures - State governorships
Which sectors of American society were extremely worried about what would happen if William Jennings Bryan won the presidency in 1896?
- The business community - The financial community
What happened after William Jennings Bryan gave his "Cross of Gold" speech at the Democratic Convention?
- The convention adopted a pro-silver platform. - He gained the Democratic nomination for president.
What were among the motivations of those in favor of the annexation of the Philippines?
- The reinvigoration of the nation through territorial acquisition - The partisan advantage for the Republicans - The opportunity to dominate Asian trade
Which statements are true regarding the the actions of the Spanish governor General Valeriano Weyler?
- They led to the deaths of tens of thousands of Cuban citizens. - They imperiled American-owned sugar plantations.
Theodore Roosevelt's famous charge up Kettle Hill was...
- Undertaken without the help of expected reinforcements - Greatly assisted by Black units - Later romanticized by the American public and Roosevelt himself
From the 1860s to the early 1900s, the U.S. government paid Civil War pensions to which groups?
- Widows of white soldiers - White war veterans
The Open Door proposals...
- Would allow the U.S. to do business in China without fear of interference. - Were directed to imperial powers in Europe and Asia.
What was the official mint ratio of ounces of silver to one ounce of gold?
16:1
For the Populists, the results of the 1896 election were...
A disaster and resulted in the party's eventual dissolution
In 1896, the Democratic political platform...
Adopted several but not all major Populist issues
Pursuant to the Jones Act of 1917...
All Puerto Ricans are American citizens
The Chinese Boxer Rebellion of 1900 was directed at...
All Westerners in China
What was the most likely cause of the explosion that sank the battleship Maine in Havana harbor?
An accidental explosion
Jingoes believed that a stronger assertion of power abroad would result in...
An easing of domestic tensions
As president, Rutherford B. Hayes's only issue of substance was...
Attempting to form a system of civil service
The political battles between Stalwarts and Half-Breeds was a fight...
Between traditionalists and reformers
The Chinese revolt in which the foreign diplomatic corps came under siege was known as the...
Boxer Rebellion
In essence, Populism was a:
Challenge to American industrial capitalism.
In 1900, the Republicans enacted the Currency Act, which...
Confirmed the nation's commitment to the gold standard
What spurred passage of the Platt Amendment?
Cuba drew up a constitution that made no reference to the United States.
After the war with Spain, President McKinley appointed who as secretary of war and assigned him to overhaul the armed forces?
Elihu Root
During the conflict with the United States, who claimed to head the legitimate government of the Philippines?
Emilio Aguinaldo
At the turn of the century, the Sherman Antitrust Act of 1890 was...
Enforced more against labor unions than business combinations
Populism grew quickly because of its large and diverse constituency of supporters.
False, Populism failed to gain strong support beyond farmers.
William Jennings Bryan's famous "Cross of Gold" speech was given at the Democratic Convention of 1896 in support of...
Free silver
The American settler who served as prime minister of Hawaii for over a decade was...
G. P. Judd
In the late nineteenth century, the federal government...
Had few meaningful responsibilities
During the administration of President Rutherford B. Hayes, the Republican faction that supported reform known as the...
Half Breeds
What was the only issue that McKinley and his allies fully committed themselves to?
Higher tariff rates
After the Maine disaster, Commodore George Dewey was given orders to attack the Spanish fleet in the Philippines...
If hostilities with Spain occurred
Which term refers to late-nineteenth-century advocates for expanded U.S. economic, political, and military power in the world?
Jingoes
What action did the U.S. government take that made sugar-growing fundamental in the Hawaiian economy?
It eliminated duties on Hawaiian sugar.
Which statement is true regarding the Foraker Act of 1900?
It established an American colonial government over Puerto Rico.
Which statement is true regarding the extreme brutality American soldiers exhibited toward the Filipinos?
It was largely motivated by racial prejudice.
Which statement is true regarding the Democratic platform in the campaign of 1896?
It was too narrow to galvanize working people and to win a national election.
Who first translated President McKinley's statements about access to China into a U.S. policy when he addressed messages to the imperial powers, which became known as the Open Door notes?
John Hay
What revolutionary poet was one of the leaders of the insurrection in Cuba in 1895?
José Martí
What was the mid-nineteenth-century doctrine that viewed the United States's control of North America as the divinely ordered right of the nation?
Manifest Destiny
In 1887, the U.S. Navy established a base in Hawaii at...
Pearl Harbor
When the National Grange of the Patrons of Husbandry was founded in 1867, it initially centered on...
Spreading new knowledge about agriculture techniques
Did not support reforms
Stalwarts
Which statement is true regarding the Treaty of Paris that concluded the Spanish-American War?
The Philippines and Puerto Rico were both ceded to the United States.
The strongest argument in favor of annexation of the Philippines was that...
The United States already possessed the islands
Theodore Roosevelt became a famous hero during which conflict of the war?
The charge up Kettle Hill
Which factor first made people notice that silver had been demonetized by the "Crime of '73"?
The market value of silver had fallen.
As a result of the Spanish-American War, American military planners realized...
The need to improve glaring deficiencies in the army
What issue most inflamed public opinion during the administration of Benjamin Harrison?
The power of trusts
At the beginning of the Philippine conflict, American commanders were most mistaken about...
The strength of the rebels' public support
American expansionists justified their position that strong nations should dominate weaker ones with...
The theories of Charles Darwin
What was the initial American plan for invading Cuba?
To begin with extensive training
The depression of the 1890s demonstrated that the economic sectors had become very interdependent.
True, One proof of this statement is the fact that the economic woes of the railroads rippled widely through the economy and contributed greatly to the depression.
The election of 1884 is best characterized as...
Unsavory
Which U.S. government official initially sought to avoid war with Spain?
William McKinley