Chapter 2

Physicians generally recommend that women have annual pelvic examinations and Pap smears beginning around age __________.

21

Of the following women, who is at the highest risk of developing breast cancer?

Amy, who is postmenopausal and has a family history of breast cancer

Cathy and Wayne are trying to decide whether or not to have their newborn son circumcised. Which one of the following statements is actually true and might factor into their decision?

National health organizations have concluded that the health benefits outweigh the risks of this procedure.

The size of a woman's breasts is determined by __________.

the amount of fatty tissue between a woman's mammary glands

Today, about __________% of boys born in the United States are circumcised.

80

Lyle is going to the doctor for his annual physical exam. Along with a blood test, he can expect that his doctor will perform a rectal examination. Why will his doctor perform this procedure?

Because the prostate is an internal organ located alongside the rectum, a rectal exam is the only way a doctor can feel the prostate's structure.

Idris likes to wear a new brand of male thong underwear that accentuates the size of his genitals by holding his scrotum tightly against his body thereby forcing his penis up and outward. If you were Idris's friend, what dangers might you explain to him about his choice of apparel?

By binding his scrotum against his body, he prevents it from being able to move his testicles and regulate their temperature.

Gil is circumcised. His friend Danny is not. Research suggests that __________.

Gil will have a lower chance than Danny of contracting HIV from unprotected vaginal intercourse with an infected partner

Tonya and Tommy are going to see a plastic surgeon. Tonya intends to have two of her lower ribs removed, her breasts tripled in size, and metal plates inserted to lengthen her legs. Tommy plans on having bicep, thigh, and abdominal implants (6-pack implants) to increase his bulk and muscular definition, as well as cheek and chin implants to give him a stronger jaw line. What might explain their decision to undergo these costly and painful surgeries?

In the United States, images of the stereotypical "ideal" female physique have become thinner and "leggier" over time whereas images of the stereotypical "ideal" male physique have become heavier and more muscular.

Rick just learned in class that a woman's vagina is normally collapsed and can be as short in length as 3 inches. As his erect penis is about 5.5 inches long, he is worried that vaginal intercourse may cause physical harm to his girlfriend's body. Are Rick's concerns justified?

No, because the vagina expands to up to 5 inches or so in length when in its aroused state and can easily accommodate a penis of that size.

One day Roger decides to take a good long look at his penis. He notices that it is about 5.3 inches long when erect and curves slightly to the left. He wonders if he's "normal." What do you think - should Roger be worried?

Not at all - his penis is about average size and some penises do curve slightly in one direction.

Kyle's doctor just told him he had prostatitis. Should he be worried?

Yes, but most cases are caused by sexually transmitted infections and can be treated with antibiotics.

Last week, Edgar experienced __________, the most common symptom(s) of testicular cancer. He immediately saw his doctor who ran tests and confirmed that he did indeed have cancer and needed treatment.

a lump or slight enlargement of one testicle

Leanne was just born, which means that she has __________.

all the ova she will ever produce

People who are satisfied with their bodies tend to report __________.

better sexual functioning

The reason that the human penis becomes erect during sexual arousal is because of __________.

blood filling it

The shaft of the penis contains three cylindrical structures - two __________ on top and one __________ on the bottom.

corpora cavernosa; corpus spongiosum

Identify the path a sperm follows out of a man's body prior to ejaculation.

epididymis, vas deferens, ejaculatory ducts, urethra

Research reveals that the hormone __________ plays a role in breast cancer

estrogen

Noel has a family history of breast cancer. She has decided to begin a program of regular breast self-examinations. The best time for her to conduct a breast self-exam is immediately after menstruation because it is during this time when __________.

estrogen levels are low and the breasts are not swollen or tender

What substance "activates" sperm and makes them able to move on their own?

fructose

Susan has begun having issues with urinary incontinence. When she goes to see her physician, what exercises will she probably be instructed to do in order to regain urinary control?

kegel

Gretel claims that she is a virgin. However, her hymen is missing. From this, we can conclude __________.

nothing - the hymen is not an accurate indicator of prior sexual experience and we cannot tell whether she is lying or telling the truth

The clitoris develops from the same embryonic tissue as the __________.

penis

The walls of the inner two thirds of the vagina are __________.

relatively insensitive to touch

The penis has two functions; what are they?

reproduction and urination

If done correctly, a testicular self-examination will allow a man to feel which internal structures?

testicles and epididymis

Petra just learned from her physician that she tested positive for cervical cancer. She also learned that __________.

the primary cause of this cancer is HPV

Although the hymen has no known physiological function, it has been (and in some cultures, continues to be) used as an indication of a woman's __________.

virginity

The external female genitalia are collectively known as the __________.

vulva