Chapter 2: Chemistry Comes Alive
96% of body weight made up of elements
4
An ionic bond is
A chemical bond formed by the transfer of one or more electrons from the valence shell of one atom to that of the other
Which of the following factors would speed up the rate of a chemical reaction?
A high concentration of reagents
In hydrolysis,
A molecule of water is added for each bond broken
The monomers of proteins are
Amino acids
When atoms or molecules combine to form larger, more complex molecules, the process is known as __________.
Anabolism
Chemical bonds
Are energy relationships between the electrons of the reacting atoms
If the pH or temperature of the environment that contains a protein is altered dramatically, then the protein may
Become denatured
A chemical reaction in which bonds are broken is
Catabolic and Exergonic
Something with a pH of 5 would
Have more H+ ions than OH- ions
pH is a concentration unit used to measure the concentration of __________.
Hydrogen ions in a solution
Enzymes the rate of a chemical reaction by the activation energy
Increase; lowering
The building blocks (monomers) of RNA and DNA are
Nucleotides
Which of the following best defines potential energy?
Potential energy is stored energy that has the capacity to do work but is not presently doing so
A homogenous mixture of gases, liquids, or solids is referred to as a
Solution
The important cholesterol-based molecules are
Steroids
Which of the following types of chemical reactions always involves atoms or molecules combining to form a larger, more complex molecule?
Synthesis
Colloids (emulsions) are heterogenous mixtures
True
Enzymes are unchanged in a reaction; they can be reused, and are NOT needed in large quantities
True
In biochemistry, and thus in the body, the universal solvent is
Water