Chapter 2 - Configuring DNS Servers

A DNS server that holds a complete copy of a zone's resource records (typically a primary or secondary zone).

authoritative server

A DNS server that keeps a database of addresses of other DNS servers managing top-level domain names.

root server

A resource record in a DNS zone that consists of a hostname and an IPv4 address. Also called a host record.

A Record

You're having trouble with logons and other domain operations in your domain named csmtech.local. You want to verify that your domain clients can find domain controllers. Which of the following can you do? (Choose all that apply.) a. Use the dcdiag /test:dns /DnsRecordRegistration command b. Look at the %systemroot%\System32\Config\netlogon.dns file c. Look at the %systemroot%\System32\dns\cache.dns file d. Use the nslookup -type = CNAME -domain=csmtech.local command

Use the dcdiag /test:dns /DnsRecordRegistration command Look at the %systemroot%\System32\Config\netlogon.dns file

A type of DNS query to which a DNS server responds with the best information it has to satisfy the query. The DNS server doesn't query additional DNS servers in an attempt to resolve the query.

iterative query

An event that is created every time DNS sends and receives information.

DNS analytic event

Your company just opened a small branch office where 10 computer users will work. You have installed a single Windows Server 2016 computer configured as a member server for basic file and print server needs. Users require DNS to access the Internet and to resolve names of company resources. You decide to install DNS on the existing server. Which of the following types of installations makes the most sense? a. A primary sever hosting a standard zone b. An Active Directory-integrated zone hosting the zone in which the server is a member c. A caching-only DNS server d. A server that's a forwarder

A primary sever hosting a standard zone

You have a DNS server outside your corporate firewall that's a stand-alone Windows Server 2012 R2 server. It hosts a primary zone for your public Internet domain name, which is different from your internal Active Directory domain names. You want one or more of your internal servers to be able to handle DNS queries for your public domain and to serve as a backup for the primary DNS server outside the firewall. Which configuration should you choose for internal DNS servers? a. A standard secondary zone b. A standard stub zone c. A forwarder to point to the primary DNS server d. An Active Directory-integrated stub zone

A standard secondary zone

A resource record in a DNS zone that consists of a hostname and an IPv6 address. Also called a host record.

AAAA Record

You have decided to install the DNS server role on Nano Server. What specific type of zone configuration is not supported when using DNS on Nano Server? a. Standard directory-based b. Active directory-integrated c. Replication-integrated d. Standard file-based

Active directory-integrated

You want a DNS server to handle queries for a domain with a standard primary zone hosted on another DNS server, and you don't want the server to be authoritative for that zone. How should you configure the server? (Choose all that apply.) a. As a secondary zone on the DNS server b. As a stub zone on the DNS server c. As a forwarder on the DNS server d. As zone hints for the primary zone

As a stub zone on the DNS server As a forwarder on the DNS server

A resource record contain an alias for another record is which of the following record types? a. A b. CNAME c. NS d. PTR

CNAME

A record containing an alias for another record that enables you to refer to the same resource with different names yet maintain only one host record.

CNAME record

Which is the correct order in which a DNS client tries to resolve a name? a. Cache, DNS server, Hosts file b. Hosts file, cache, DNS server c. Cache, Hosts file, DNS server d. DNS server, cache, Hosts file

Cache, Hosts file, DNS server

You're in charge of a standard primary zone for a large network with frequent changes to the DNS database. You want changes to the zone to be transmitted as quickly as possible to all secondary servers. What should you configure and on what servers? a. Configure DNS notifications on the primary zone server b. Configure DNS recursion on the secondary zone servers c. Configure round robin on the primary zone server d. Configure a smaller default TTL for the primary zone server

Configure DNS notifications on the primary zone server

An audit event that tracks changes to a DNS server, such as when zone or resource changes are made, and is enabled by default.

DNS audit event

You have several hundred client computers using WINS to resolve names of some enterprise servers. Many of the client computers are laptops used to connect to the network remotely. You're trying to eliminate WINS from your network to reduce the number of protocols and services you must support. With the least administrative effort, what can you do that allows you to stop using WINS yet still allow clients' computers to use a single-label name for accessing enterprise servers? a. Create a GlobalNames zone and add CNAME records for enterprise servers b. Create a Hosts file containing servers' names and addresses and upload this file to each client that needs it. c. Configure each client computer with the correct domain suffix d. Create a stub zone and add CNAME record for each enterprise server

Create a GlobalNames zone and add CNAME records for enterprise servers

A computer making a DNS query.

DNS client

The entire DNS tree that defines the structure of the names used to identify resources in network domains. It consists of a root name (defined as a period), top-level domains, second-level domains, optionally one or more subdomains, and hostnames separated by periods.

DNS namespace

A service that forwards DNS queries to the DNS server for name resolution, on behalf of the operating system and other applications.

DNS resolver

A distributed hierarchical database composed mainly of computer name and IP address pairs.

Domain Name System (DNS)

A DNS name-registering process whereby computers in the domain can register or update their own DNS records.

Dynamic DNS (DDNS)

You have a zone containing two A records for the same hostname, but each A record has a different IP address configured. The host records point to two servers hosting a high-traffic Web site, and you want the servers to share the load. After some testing, you find that you're always accessing the same Web server, so load sharing isn't occurring. What can you do to solve the problem? a. Enable the load sharing option on the zone b. Enable the round robin option on both A records c. Enable the load sharing option on both A records d. Enable the round robin option on the server

Enable the round robin option on the server

A feature that provides a way for IT administrators to add single-label names (computer names that don't use a domain suffix, such as NetBIOS names) to DNS, thereby allowing client computers to resolve these names without including a DNS suffix in the query.

GlobalNames zone (GNZ)

What type of record does DNS create automatically to resolve the FQDN of an NS record? a. PTR b. CNAME c. Glue A d. Auto SRV

Glue A

Which of the following best describes DNS? (Choose all that apply.) a. Hierarchical database b. Flat database c. Monolithic database d. Distributed database

Hierarchical database Distributed database

The DNS server at your headquarters holds a standard primary zone for the abc.com domain. A branch office connected by a slow WAN link holds a secondary zone for abc.com. Updates to the zone aren't frequent. How can you decrease the amount of WAN traffic cause by the secondary zone checking for zone updates? a. In the SOA tab of the zone's Properties dialog box, increase the minimum (default) TTL. b. In the Advanced tab of the DNS server's Properties dialog box, increase the expire interval. c. In the SOA tab of the zone's Properties dialog box, increase the refresh interval. d. In the Zone Transfers tab of the SOA Properties dialog box, decrease the retry interval.

In the SOA tab of the zone's Properties dialog box, increase the refresh interval.

You're scanning the local cache on a DNS client, and you come across the notation ::1. What does it mean? a. The cache is corrupt. b. It's the IPv6 localhost address. c. It's the link-local address. d. It's a reverse lookup record.

It's the IPv6 localhost address.

A type of DNS resource record that is used to resolve a domain name in an email address to the IP address of a mail server for that domain.

MX record

You manage the DNS structure on your network. The network security group has decided that only one DNS server should contact the Internet. Under no circumstances should other servers contact the Internet for DNS queries, even if the designated server is down. You have decided that the DNS server named DNS-Int should be the server allowed to contact the Internet. How should you configure your DNS structure to accommodate these requirements? a. On each DNS server except DNS-Int, configure a forwarder pointing to DNS-Int. Configure DNS-Int as a forwarder by enabling forwarded requests in the Forwarders tab of the server's Properties dialog box. b. On each DNS server except DNS-Int, configure a root hint to point to the DNS-Int and delete all other root hints. Configure a root zone on DNS-Int. c. On each DNS server except DNS-Int, configure a forwarder pointing to DNS-Int. Disable the use of root hints if no forwarders are available. No changes are necessary on DNS-Int. d. On each DNS server except DNS-Int, in the Advanced tab of the server's Properties dialog box, disable recursion. No changes are necessary for DNS-Int.

On each DNS server except DNS-Int, configure a forwarder pointing to DNS-Int. Disable the use of root hints if no forwarders are available. No changes are necessary on DNS-Int.

What type of resource record is necessary to get a positive response from the command nslookup 192.168.100.10? a. A b. CNAME c. NS d. PTR

PTR

A type of DNS resource record that is used to resolve a known IP address to a hostname.

PTR record

You have just finished setting up your DNS infrastructure, and the DNS process seems to be working well. You want to be able to create a baseline of performance data so that if slowdowns occur later, you have information for comparison purposes. Which tool should you use? a. dnscmd.exe b. Debug logging c. Performance Monitor d. Event logging

Performance Monitor

What type of zone should you create that contains records allowing a computer name to be resolved from its IP address? a. RLZ b. FLZ c. Stub d. TLD

RLZ

What specific type of DNS query instructs a DNS server to process the query until the server replies with an address that satisfies the query or with an "I don't know" message? a. Recursive b. Referral c. Iterative d. Resolver

Recursive

When a DNS server responds to a query with a list of name servers, what is the response called? a. Iterative b. Recursive c. Referral d. Resolver

Referral

You have decided that you need to change the setting of an existing DNS forwarder. Which of the following PowerShell cmdlets will allow you to accomplish this task? a. Add-DnsServerForwarder b. Import-DnsServerForwarder c. Set-DnsServerRecursion d. Set-DnsServerForwarder

Set-DnsServerForwarder

Which of the following is true about stub zones? (Choose all that apply.) a. They're authoritative for the zone. b. Their records are updated by the primary server automatically. c. They can't be Active Directory integrated. d. They contain SOA and NS records.

Their records are updated by the primary server automatically. They contain SOA and NS records.

A DNS server with no zones. Its sole job is to field DNS queries, do recursive lookups to root servers, or send requests to forwarders and then cache the results.

caching-only DNS server

A DNS server to which other DNS server send requests targeted for a specific domain.

conditional forwarder

You have two DCs, each with three Active Directory-integrated zones. You're getting inconsistent DNS lookup results and suspect there is a problem with Active Directory replication. What tool can you use to investigate the problem? (Choose all that apply.) a. nslookup b. dnscmd c. dcdiag d. ipconfig

dcdiag ipconfig

A list of name servers preconfigured on Windows DNS servers that point to Internet root servers, which are DNS servers located on the Internet and managed by IANA.

root hints

A method of responding to DNS queries when more than one IP address exists for the queried host. Each IP address is placed first in the list of returned addresses an equal number of times so that hosts are accessed alternately.

round robin

A DNS zone containing records that translate names to IP addresses, such as A, AAAA, and MX records. It's named after the domain whose resource records it contains.

forward lookup zone (FLZ)

A DNS server to which other DNS server send requests they can't resolve themselves.

forwarder

The full domain name for a host that specifically identifies it within the hierarchy of the Domain Name System.

full qualified domain name (FQDN)

An A record used to resolve the name in an NS record to its IP address.

glue A record

A resource record in a DNS zone that consists of a hostname and an IP address. Also called an A record or AAAA record depending on whether the IP address is IPv4 or IPv6.

host record

Which of the following accurately represents an FQDN? a. host.top-level-domain.subdomain.domain b. domain.host.top-level-domain c. host.subdomain.domain.top-level-domain d. host.domain.top-level-domain.subdomain

host.domain.top-level-domain.subdomain

An assigned name that is associated with an IP address, so when a client looks up the name www.microsoft.com, the DNS server returns an IP address.

hostname

You want to verify whether a PTR record exists for the server1.csmtech.local host, but you don't know the server's IP address. Which of the following commands should you use to see whether a PTR record exists for server1.csmtech.local? a. ping -a server1.csmtech.local and then ping IPAddress returned from the first ping b. nslookup server1.csmtech.local and then nslookup IPAddress returned from the first nslookup c. dnscmd /PTR server1.csmtech.local d. dnslint /PTR server1.csmtech.local

nslookup server1.csmtech.local and then nslookup IPAddress returned from the first nslookup

A DNS zone containing a read/write master copy of all resource records for the zone; this zone is authoritative for the zone.

primary zone

A query in which the DNS server processes the query until it responds with an address that satisfied the query or with an "I don't know" message. The process might require the DNS server to query several additional DNS servers.

recursive query

A response to an iterative query in which the address of another name server is returned to the requester. A prioritized list of servers used to access files in a namespace.

referral

Data in a DNS database containing information about network resources, such as hostnames, other DNS server, and services; each record is identified by a letter code.

resource records

A DNS zone containing PTR records that map IP addresses to names; it's named with the IP network address (IPv4 or IPv6) of the computer whose records it contains.

reverse lookup zone (RLZ)

A DNS zone containing a read-only copy of all resource records for the zone. Changes can't be made directly on a secondary DNS server, but because it contains an exact copy of the primary zone, it's considered authoritative for the zone.

secondary zone

A DNS zone containing a read-only copy of only the zone's SOA and NS records. A stub zone forwards queries to a primary DNS server for that zone and is not authoritative for the zone.

stub zone

A DNS server that maintains addresses of other DNS servers that are authoritative for second-level domains.

top-level domain (TLD) server

A grouping of DNS information that represents one or more domains and possibly subdomains.

zone

An operation that copies all or part of a zone from one DNS server to another and occurs as a result of a secondary server requesting the transfer from another server.

zone transfer