Chapter 2 ISC-272
A(n)___________________ is a group of similar or identical computers, connected by a high-speed network, that cooperate to provide services or run an application.
Cluster
A program that solves a(n) ___________ requires no branching instructions.
Formula
A CPU is a(n) _________________ processor capable of performing many different tasks simply by changing the program.
General Purpose
A(n)_________________is a group of dissimilar computer systems, connected by a high-speed network, that cooperate to provide services or run a shared application.
Grid
______________says that larger computer classes are most cost-efficient than smaller ones----- a statement that doesn't accurately describe modern computing hardware.
Grosch's Law
A(n) ________________ is a command to the CPU to perform one processing function on one or more data inputs.
Instruction
A problem-solving procedure that requires executing one or more comparison and branch instructions is called a(n)_______________.
Logic Instructions
Types or classes of larger servers include________, Which are generally optimized for data storage and I/O capability, and _______________, which are generally optimized for computational capacity and speed.
Mainframe computer, Super Computer
A(n)_______________ consists of hardware and software components that enable multiple users and computers to share information, software, and hardware resources.
Network
A(n) __________ is the most common type of system software.
Operating system
The term______________ refers to storage devices, not located in the CPU, that hold instructions and data of currently running programs.
Primary Storage
A set of instructions that's executed to solve a specific problem is called a(n)__________________.
Program
Most programs are written in a(n) ____________, such as FORTRAN or Java, which is then translated into equivalent CPU instructions.
Programming language
A(n) _____________ is a large storage location implemented in the CPU.
Register
The term_________________ describes the collection of storage devices that hold large quantities of data for long periods.
Secondary Storage
A(n) _______________is a computer that manages shared resources and enables users other computers to access them over a network.
Server
A(n)__________________ typically uses the latest and most expensive technology.
Super Computer
WWW resources are identified and accessed by a(n)____________.
URL
The major components of a CPU are the _________________,_____________, and _______________.
control Unit, arithmetic logic unit (ALU), Registers
The CPU ___________program instructions one at a time.
executes
The _____________ enables the CPU, primary storage, and secondary storage devices to communicate.
system bus
_________________Is a technique that enable a single computer to host multiple virtual machines.
virtualization
Key characteristics that distinguish primary and secondary storage include cost, capacity, speed, and ____________________.
volatility
