Chapter 2 ISC-272

A(n)___________________ is a group of similar or identical computers, connected by a high-speed network, that cooperate to provide services or run an application.

Cluster

A program that solves a(n) ___________ requires no branching instructions.

Formula

A CPU is a(n) _________________ processor capable of performing many different tasks simply by changing the program.

General Purpose

A(n)_________________is a group of dissimilar computer systems, connected by a high-speed network, that cooperate to provide services or run a shared application.

Grid

______________says that larger computer classes are most cost-efficient than smaller ones----- a statement that doesn't accurately describe modern computing hardware.

Grosch's Law

A(n) ________________ is a command to the CPU to perform one processing function on one or more data inputs.

Instruction

A problem-solving procedure that requires executing one or more comparison and branch instructions is called a(n)_______________.

Logic Instructions

Types or classes of larger servers include________, Which are generally optimized for data storage and I/O capability, and _______________, which are generally optimized for computational capacity and speed.

Mainframe computer, Super Computer

A(n)_______________ consists of hardware and software components that enable multiple users and computers to share information, software, and hardware resources.

Network

A(n) __________ is the most common type of system software.

Operating system

The term______________ refers to storage devices, not located in the CPU, that hold instructions and data of currently running programs.

Primary Storage

A set of instructions that's executed to solve a specific problem is called a(n)__________________.

Program

Most programs are written in a(n) ____________, such as FORTRAN or Java, which is then translated into equivalent CPU instructions.

Programming language

A(n) _____________ is a large storage location implemented in the CPU.

Register

The term_________________ describes the collection of storage devices that hold large quantities of data for long periods.

Secondary Storage

A(n) _______________is a computer that manages shared resources and enables users other computers to access them over a network.

Server

A(n)__________________ typically uses the latest and most expensive technology.

Super Computer

WWW resources are identified and accessed by a(n)____________.

URL

The major components of a CPU are the _________________,_____________, and _______________.

control Unit, arithmetic logic unit (ALU), Registers

The CPU ___________program instructions one at a time.

executes

The _____________ enables the CPU, primary storage, and secondary storage devices to communicate.

system bus

_________________Is a technique that enable a single computer to host multiple virtual machines.

virtualization

Key characteristics that distinguish primary and secondary storage include cost, capacity, speed, and ____________________.

volatility