Chapter 2 quiz part B

When drugs are taken orally, the effects are delayed for approximately how long?

20 to 30 minutes

When the human body is continually challenged by the use of drugs that alter the body's natural balance, a "new normal" is created , known as...

Allostasis

The most crucial neurotransmitter involved in behavioral addictions,drug use, and drug abuse is

Dopamine

Pharmacodynamic tolerance includes which of the following? #1 nerve cells become less sensitive to the effects of the drug #2 nerve cells produce an antidote or antagonist to the drug #3 nerve cells crone more sensitive to the effects of the drug #4 less of the drug is needed because the body increases the number of receptor sites in the brain

Effects 1 and 2 only

Which of the following are examples of environmental factors that can make a person more liable to abuse a psychoactive substance? #1 drinking and/or other drug use is common in the home and family environment #2 healthy ways of dealing with stress and anger are modeled and learned #3 physical and emotional stress are the norm in the home,work, or school environment #4 an environment in which physical , emotional, or sexual abuse occurs

Examples 1, 3 and 4 only

Acetylcholine is most crucial neurotransmitter involved in drug use and abuse

False

Active transport occurs when fat-soluble drugs pass from an area where there is a huge concentration of a drug to an area of lower concentration

False

Contact absorption from drug-saturated patches applied to the skin allow erratic amounts of drugs to be passively absorbed into to the body over an indefinite period of time.

False

Passive transport occurs when water -soluble drugs such as cocaine cross the blood-brain barrier by hitching a ride on molecules that cross the blood-brain barrier

False

Psychoactive drugs promote homeostatic conditions in the central nervous system

False

The more rapidly a psychoactive drug reaches its central nervous system target, the less the reward and the lower the reinforcing effect.

False

There is no such thing as psychological dependence

False

There are several routes of adminyerijt drugs, and some reach the brain faster than others. Which of th following sequences correctly lists the routes of administration from castes to slowest for getting frustrated to the brain?

Inhaling(smoke) , injecting (intravenous) , mucous membrane absorption (nasal passage) , oral ingestion

Down regulation of a cell occurs when a person used drugs and

The cell retracts receptor sites to slow down message transmission because there are too many neurotransmitters

Which of the following statements is true regarding the use of alcohol and other drugs by a woman who is pregnant ?

The placenta is not an effective barrier, so if the mother uses, the baby uses.

Acute tolerance (tachyphlaxis) and adaptation to tobacco begins sponsor instantly with the first puff of a cigarette

True

Addictive substances affect how neurons down-regulate

True

The compulsive gamblers reward/control pathway in the brain becomes hijacker similar to the ways the brain becomes rewired from alcohol and other drug addiction

True

To titrate a drug men's to continuously regulate the amount of drug you are receiving

True

When the body speeds up the metabolism and the breakdown of a drug, it is known as dispositional tolerance

True