Chapter 21

How does the thalloid liverwort reproduce asexually?

A. gemmae are dislodged by rain

The body of a thalloid liverwort is called the ____.

A. thallus

Cyanobacteria form a symbiotic association with some species of hornworts. What role does the cyanobacteria have in this relationship?

A. they supply their host with fixed nitrogen

Because they lack vascular tissue, nonvascular plants are ____.

A. unable to transport water

In the 19th century, peat moss was used to pack abscesses. The antibacterial properties are mainly the result of its ____ pH.

B. acidic

Which of the following plants has a dominant gametophyte generation?

B. any true moss

This picture shows what stage of the life cycle of the moss?

B. gametophyte

What takes place in the capsule of Marchantia spp.?

B. meiosis

Hornworts usually live in a ____ environment.

B. moist and shady

A plant has leaves all the same size, with a thick midrib, that allow water to pass in easily. The plant is most likely a ____.

B. moss

Many liverworts develop a symbiotic relationship with fungi, which enter through what part of the liverwort?

B. rhizoids

What structure in the liverwort anchors the thallus?

B. rhizoids

The alternation of generations means that ____.

B. the spore-producing stage is alternating with the sex cell-production stage

Herbaceous plants lack ____.

B. woody stems

Presence or absence of specialized conducting tissue known as____is a common means of distinguishing members of the plant kingdom.

C. Vascular Tissue

Identify the structures in this photograph.

C. gemmae cups

____ belong to the phylum Anthocerophyta.

C. hornworts

____ are described as either leafy or thalloid.

C. liverworts

Germinating meiospores in the life cycle of the Bryophyta become ____.

C. male and female gametophytes

Which of the following statements is true?

C. mitosis can occur in both haploid and diploid cells

n liverworts, what typically transports sperm cells of the antheridiophore to the archegonium single egg?

C. rainwater

Adaptations of plants for life on land include ____.

D. all of these

Nonvascular plants include which of the following?

D. all of these

Plants are a diverse group that can be described as ____.

D. all of these

Nonvascular plants are generally low to the ground because they____.

D. cannot transport nutrients

Historically, which type of plant was important in establishing the transition from water to land and the dominance of the gametophyte generation?

D. nonvascular

Moss can reproduce asexually when ____.

D. the thallus fragments

Which plants can reproduce asexually through fragmentation?

E. A and C

In liverworts, an egg is produced in the _____.

c. archgonium

A liverwort spore reaching a suitable habitat germinates to produce a thin photosynthetic filament of cells, which is known as a ____.

c. protonema