Chapter 21

Pataasin ang iyong marka sa homework at exams ngayon gamit ang Quizwiz!

Binet believed that intelligence was a ___________.

"learned entity"

What factors influence expertise?

-Circumstances -Training -Practice -Genetics -Natural Ability

What are Cattell & Horn's 2 Clusters of (g)?

-Fluid intelligence -Crystallized Intelligence

What were two warnings Binet posed about his test?

-His test did not measure innate intelligence. -It should not be used to label (pigeonhole) students.

Characteristics of Expert Thought include:

-Intuitive -Atomatic -Strategic -Flexible

The Lifespan Developmental Perspective posits that life is:

-Multidirectional (involves both growth & decline) -Multicultural (norms, beliefs, expectations) -Multicontextual (income, social status, education level) -Multidisciplinary (psychology, biology, sociology, gerontology, etc.) -Plastic (durable yet flexible)

What are some examples of "atypical" expertise?

-Musician -Dancer

What isn't measured by traditional intelligence tests?

-Olfactory intelligence and brain plasticity -Psychomotor intelligence & kinetic abilities -Spatial intelligence scores were average on IQ tests for London taxi drivers, but their expertise was clear while navigating the city.

EQ now commonly viewed as 4 interrelated dimensions:

-Understanding/awareness of one's own emotions -Emotion regulation -understanding/awareness of others emotions. -Response to the emotions of others.

Who modified the Binet-Simon scale to create the Stanford-Binet?

Lewis Terman

What is the Stanford-Binet test?

-an intelligence test based on the Binet-Simon scale, commonly administered to children. -Intelligence Quotient (IQ) = Mental Age/Chronological age X 100. -Currently in its 5th edition and still widely used.

Cattel-Horn-Carroll Theory

-crystallized intelligence >accumulated knowledge -fluid intelligence >processing speed &problem solving

________ %of IQ scores fall between 1 Standard Deviation of the average IQ score

70

who set the standard for how we measure intelligence today?

Alfred Binet

Triarchic Theory of Intelligence includes?

Analytic intelligence Creative intelligence Practical (tactic) intelligence

who proposed psychological perspectives on successful aging?

Baltes & Baltes

What test did Alfred Binet create?

Binet-Simon Intelligence scale.

Creative intelligence

Involves the capacity to be intellectually flexible & innovative (thinking outside the box).

_________________ involves an awareness that each perspective is only one of many, that problems can have many possible solutions, and that knowledge is often dynamic, not static.

Cognitive flexibility

who said "What doesn't get measured, doesn't get done."

Dr. Deborah Plummer

Mayer & Salovey are associated with...

EQ/EI

Charles Spearman proposed?

General Intelligence (g)

what is general Intelligence (g) ?

Idea that intelligence is one basic trait, underlying all cognitive abilities

Crystallized Intelligence

Intellectual ability that reflects accumulated learning through education and experience (e.g. Vocabulary, facts, general knowledge)

Analytic intelligence

Involves processes such as abstract planning, strategy selection, focused attention & information processing, as well as verbal & logical skills.

SOC Model

People strive to maintain balance in their lives, compensating for physical & cognitive losses by becoming more proficient in certain areas (skills/knowledge).

what is the relationship between expertise & Age?

The relationship is not straightforward and there is considerable variance in the amount of time needed for expertise.

psychological perspectives on successful aging

The selective optimization with compensation (SOC) model.

automatic processing

Thinking that occurs without deliberate, conscious thought. Experts process most tasks automatically, saving conscious thought for unfamiliar challenges.

what was Robert Sternberg's intelligence theory?

Triarchic Theory of Intelligence

What is an example of automatic thought?

Tying shoes. Kids are better at explaining the process because they don't think about it automatically like adults do.

WAIS-IV stands for what?

Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (16 & up)

WISC-IV stands for what?

Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (roughly ages 3-7 and 7-16)

what is the most common intelligence tests.

Wechsler Scales

we do see that, with ________, people often become selective experts over time.

age

Generally speaking, fluid intelligence _____________with age while crystallized intelligence tends to remain stable and _________.

decreases; increase

Intelligence & human cognition are ___________ processes.

dynamic

According to general intelligence (g), people have __________ of this general ability.

varying levels (s)

Fluid intelligence

makes learning of all sorts quick & thorough (e.g., short-term memory, abstract thought, processing speed).

According to Sternberg,___________ is arguably most often used during adulthood.

practical intelligence

Cattell-Horn-Carroll has had.....

several additions to the theory since its inception.

Expertise

specialized skills and knowledge developed around a particular activity or area of special interest.

Organization & ____________ are very important, especially given the decline in multitasking, working memory, and processing speed over time.

strategic planning

Practical (tactic) intelligence

the intellectual skills used in everyday life. Sometimes viewed as a product of "the school of hard knocks." or "street smarts" rather than "book smarts".


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