Chapter 22: Carbohydrate Metabolism
(Increase/Decrease the rate of glycolysis) secretion of glucagon and high levels of ATP
Decrease
(T/F) Under aerobic conditions, pyruvate is converted to ethanol
False
(Increase/Decrease the rate of glycolysis) high blood-glucose level and secretion of insulin
Increase
(T/F) In glycogenesis, excess glucose is used to form glycogen
True
Glycogenesis obtains energy from
UTP
The portion of Coenzyme A that reacts with potiental substrates is _____
a thiol group
What molecule is the start of the citric acid cycle?
acetyl CoA
The product from glycolysis is pyruvate. Under aerobic conditions, pyruvate can be oxidized further to form ____. However, under anaerobic conditions, pyruvate is reduced to ____.
acetyl CoA, lactate
Indicate whether insulin activates or inhibits glycolysis
activates
What metabolic pathway occurs when glucose is synthesized from noncarbohydrate sources
gluconeogenesis
When glucose is made from noncarbohydrate sources, the process is called
gluconeogenesis
The primary energy source for the brain is
glucose
What is the end product of glycogenolysis in skeletal muscle?
glucose-6-phosphate
What metabolic pathway occurs when glycogen is synthesized from glucose
glycogenesis
Which metabolic pathways results in the synthesis of glycogen from glucose molecules?
glycogenesis
What metabolic pathway occurs when glycogen is broken down to glucose in the liver
glycogenolysis
What metabolic pathway occurs when glucose is degraded to pyruvate
glycolysis
Indicate whether glucagon activates or inhibits glycolysis
inhibits
Indicate whether low glucose levels activate or inhibit glycolysis
inhibits
Where is glycogen normally stored?
liver and skeletal muscles
NADH is produced in ____.
pyruvate oxidation
When as much glycogen is stored as possible in the body, excess glucose is coverted to
triacylgylcerols
The net energy production in anaerobic glcolysis is ____
2 ATP