Chapter 22 Quiz

inversely proportional to pressure.

Boyle's law states that gas volume is

heat loss is reduced on exhalation, air is humidified on inhalation, water loss is reduced on exhalation, air is warmed on inhalation.

Breathing through the nose rather than the mouth is advantageous because

diffusion of gases between the alveoli and the circulating blood

External respiration involves the

a person would stop breathing

If the dorsal respiratory group of neurons in the medulla oblongata were destroyed bilaterally,

inspiration involves muscular contractions and expiration is passive.

In quiet breathing,

internal respiration.

Low pH alters hemoglobin structure so that oxygen binds less strongly to hemoglobin at low PO2. This increases the effectiveness of

mucus escalator.

The beating of the cilia of the respiratory passages in the direction of the pharynx forms the

epiglottis.

The elastic cartilage that covers the opening to the larynx during swallowing is the

the opening to the larynx.

The glottis is

compliance.

The measure of how easily the lungs expand and contract is termed

All of the above

The normal rate and depth of breathing is established by the ________ center.

emphysema.

The obstructive lung disease in which elastic fibers are lost, leading to collapse of alveoli and bronchioles, is called

95 mm Hg

The partial pressure of oxygen in pulmonary veins during internal respiration is approximately

modifies the rate and depth of breathing

The pneumotaxic center of the pons

internal respiration.

The process by which dissolved gases are exchanged between the blood and interstitial fluids is

brain stem

The respiratory center is housed in the ________ of the brain.

keeps out debris, keeps out pathogens, helps warm the air, helps filter the air

The respiratory defense system is important because it

pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium.

The respiratory mucosa of the conducting airways consists of

alveoli.

The sites of gas exchange within the lungs are the

elevated PCO2.

The term "hypercapnia" refers to

larynx

The vocal folds are located within the

It binds to the protein portion of hemoglobin molecules within red blood cells, It is converted to a molecule of carbonic acid, It dissolves in plasma

What happens to a carbon dioxide molecule once it enters the bloodstream?

the partial pressure of oxygen in atmospheric air

Which of the following is greater?

serratus anterior, sternocleidomastoid, scalenes, pectoralis minor

Which of the following muscles might be recruited to increase inspired volume?

It causes RBCs to swell.

Which of the following statements about the chloride shift is false?

respiratory

Which of the following systems is responsible for gas exchange?

the percent of oxygen saturation of hemoglobin when the temperature is 38 degrees centigrade

Which of the following would be greater?

Vital capacity increases

Which of these age-based changes is false?

Cystic fibrosis

________ is the most common lethal inherited disease affecting people of Northern European descent.

upper respiratory tract.

Air entering the body is filtered, warmed, and humidified by the

anatomic dead space.

Air remaining in the conducting portion of the respiratory system that does not reach the alveoli is known as

amount of air reaching the alveoli each minute.

Alveolar ventilation refers to the

an acute condition resulting from unusually sensitive, irritated conducting airways.

Asthma is

tidal volume.

At the transition point between breaths, the amount of air in your lungs is called the

can increase the amount of bicarbonate ion in plasma, can convert carbon dioxide into carbonic acid, is an enzyme, is in RBCs.

Carbonic anhydrase

in a mixture of gases such as air, the total pressure is the sum of the individual partial pressures of the gases in the mixture.

Dalton's law states that

a loss of surfactant, increased surface tension in the alveoli, a decreased rate of gas exchange, increased tendency to alveolar collapse

Damage to the type II pneumocytes of the lungs would result in

right primary

During a choking episode, most foreign objects are more likely to become lodged in the ________ bronchus due to its larger diameter and steeper angle.

movement of air into and out of the lungs.

Pulmonary ventilation refers to the