Chapter 23 - Urinary System

The ________________ muscle contracts to expel urine from the bladder

Detrusor

The _______________ processes the filtrate into urine

Renal tubule

Organs of the urinary system are ______________, __________________, ____________and ____________

Kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, and urethra

Which of these if the most abundant nitrogenous waste in the blood? A. Uric acid B. Urea C. Ammonia D. creatinine E. Albumin

b

Diabetes and gestational diabetes are characterized by _____________. A. Increased ketones B. Decreased amino acids C. Polyuria D. Pyuria E. Proteinuria

c

Name the muscle of the urinary bladder wall.

detrusor muscle

In regards to the question above, excessive urine output is seen in which one of the following diseases?

diabetes

Animation: Urine Formation: Where is urine formed?

nephrons

The ____________________ encloses the kidney like if you were to wrap cellophane around it

renal capsule

Name the structure at the apex of the renal pyramids.

renal papilla

Filtered blood leaves the kidney via the ________.

renal vein

filtered blood leaves the kidney via the ________________

renal veins

The ____________ is where blood vessels and nerves enter and exit the kidney, also serves as an exit for the renal pelvis

Hilum

Each kidney has around ________________ nephrons, which is the functional unit of the kidney

1.3 Million

Kidney: Gross Anatomy: How many lobes are in each kidney?

8-15

____________ is the separation of wastes from the body fluids and eliminating them

Excretion

Voiding urine is call _____________________

Micturition

the _______________________ collects the urine

Minor calyx

Within the renal uriniferous tubule, out of the 4 regions ________________, ___________________, and __________________ are part of a nephron

Proximal convoluted tubule, nephron loop, distal convoluted tubule

The _________________ is where the blood plasma is filtered

Renal corpuscle

The nephron consists of two principle parts: _________________ and __________________

Renal corpuscle and renal tubule

Which of the following would reduce the glomerular filtration rate (GFR)?

Vasoconstriction of the afferent arteriole.

A glomerulus and glomerular capsule make up one ___________. A Renal capsule B Renal corpuscle C Kidney lobule D Kidney lobe E Nephron

b

Increased ADH secretion should cause the urine to have ___________. A. A higher specific gravity B . A lighter color C. A higher pH D. A lower urea concentration E. A lower potassium concentration

a

What is the function of the ureters?

conduct urine from the kidney to the bladder

All of the following are functions of the urinary system, EXCEPT: A. Eliminates waste products B. Regulates blood volume and pressure C. Regulates the acid-base balance of the body fluids D. Helps to regulate red blood cell count E. Uses T cells to help fight infections

e

flow of glomerular filtrate

glomerular capsule -> PCT -> nephron loop -> DCT -> collecting duct -> then continues onto: papillary duct -> minor calyx -> major calyx -> renal pelvis -> ureter -> urinary bladder -> urethra

A realsitic value for _________ is about 180L/day.

glomerular filtration rate

The _____________ is a ball of capillaries within the renal corpuscle

glomerulus

All of the following is NOT true about the antidiuretic hormone (ADH) except:

it reduces urine volume

3 or 4 minor calyxes converge to form the ___________________

major calyx

Another name for urination is ___________.

micturition

Excessive urine output (>2L/day) is called _________.

polyuria

Which one of the following is a function of the urinary system?

removal of waste products

Major functions of the urinary system are _____________________ and _______________

removal of waste products from the body, and the regulation of water and electrolyte balance

Blood to be filtered by the urinary system, is transported to the kidney by the _____

renal artery

blood to be filter is transported to the kidney by the ____________________

renal artery

Animation: Urine Formation: Which statement below, describes the primary function of the kidney?

to filter the blood

_______________ is toxic effects as wastes accumulate and can lead to: vomiting, dyspnea (difficulty breathing), convulsions, cardio arrhythmia and death

uremia

_________________ are fibrous muscular tubes that conducts urine from the kidneys to the urinary bladder

ureters

The ____________ is the tube that conducts urine from the bladder out of the body

urethra