Chapter 23 - Urinary System
The ________________ muscle contracts to expel urine from the bladder
Detrusor
The _______________ processes the filtrate into urine
Renal tubule
Organs of the urinary system are ______________, __________________, ____________and ____________
Kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, and urethra
Which of these if the most abundant nitrogenous waste in the blood? A. Uric acid B. Urea C. Ammonia D. creatinine E. Albumin
b
Diabetes and gestational diabetes are characterized by _____________. A. Increased ketones B. Decreased amino acids C. Polyuria D. Pyuria E. Proteinuria
c
Name the muscle of the urinary bladder wall.
detrusor muscle
In regards to the question above, excessive urine output is seen in which one of the following diseases?
diabetes
Animation: Urine Formation: Where is urine formed?
nephrons
The ____________________ encloses the kidney like if you were to wrap cellophane around it
renal capsule
Name the structure at the apex of the renal pyramids.
renal papilla
Filtered blood leaves the kidney via the ________.
renal vein
filtered blood leaves the kidney via the ________________
renal veins
The ____________ is where blood vessels and nerves enter and exit the kidney, also serves as an exit for the renal pelvis
Hilum
Each kidney has around ________________ nephrons, which is the functional unit of the kidney
1.3 Million
Kidney: Gross Anatomy: How many lobes are in each kidney?
8-15
____________ is the separation of wastes from the body fluids and eliminating them
Excretion
Voiding urine is call _____________________
Micturition
the _______________________ collects the urine
Minor calyx
Within the renal uriniferous tubule, out of the 4 regions ________________, ___________________, and __________________ are part of a nephron
Proximal convoluted tubule, nephron loop, distal convoluted tubule
The _________________ is where the blood plasma is filtered
Renal corpuscle
The nephron consists of two principle parts: _________________ and __________________
Renal corpuscle and renal tubule
Which of the following would reduce the glomerular filtration rate (GFR)?
Vasoconstriction of the afferent arteriole.
A glomerulus and glomerular capsule make up one ___________. A Renal capsule B Renal corpuscle C Kidney lobule D Kidney lobe E Nephron
b
Increased ADH secretion should cause the urine to have ___________. A. A higher specific gravity B . A lighter color C. A higher pH D. A lower urea concentration E. A lower potassium concentration
a
What is the function of the ureters?
conduct urine from the kidney to the bladder
All of the following are functions of the urinary system, EXCEPT: A. Eliminates waste products B. Regulates blood volume and pressure C. Regulates the acid-base balance of the body fluids D. Helps to regulate red blood cell count E. Uses T cells to help fight infections
e
flow of glomerular filtrate
glomerular capsule -> PCT -> nephron loop -> DCT -> collecting duct -> then continues onto: papillary duct -> minor calyx -> major calyx -> renal pelvis -> ureter -> urinary bladder -> urethra
A realsitic value for _________ is about 180L/day.
glomerular filtration rate
The _____________ is a ball of capillaries within the renal corpuscle
glomerulus
All of the following is NOT true about the antidiuretic hormone (ADH) except:
it reduces urine volume
3 or 4 minor calyxes converge to form the ___________________
major calyx
Another name for urination is ___________.
micturition
Excessive urine output (>2L/day) is called _________.
polyuria
Which one of the following is a function of the urinary system?
removal of waste products
Major functions of the urinary system are _____________________ and _______________
removal of waste products from the body, and the regulation of water and electrolyte balance
Blood to be filtered by the urinary system, is transported to the kidney by the _____
renal artery
blood to be filter is transported to the kidney by the ____________________
renal artery
Animation: Urine Formation: Which statement below, describes the primary function of the kidney?
to filter the blood
_______________ is toxic effects as wastes accumulate and can lead to: vomiting, dyspnea (difficulty breathing), convulsions, cardio arrhythmia and death
uremia
_________________ are fibrous muscular tubes that conducts urine from the kidneys to the urinary bladder
ureters
The ____________ is the tube that conducts urine from the bladder out of the body
urethra
