Chapter 24
elimination
Act of removal of materials from the body
mass movements in large intestine
Massive contractions Moves colonic contents into distal part of large intestine
Identify the structures of the digestive tract that are lined with stratified squamous epithelium.
Mouth Oropharynx Anal canal Esophagus
accessory organs
Pancreas Gall bladder Salivary glands Liver
Which region of the stomach connects to the small intestine?
Pyloric canal
What are interstitial cells of the myenteric plexus?
They are cells that promote the rhythmic contractions of the digestive tract.
Secretion
a process by which substances are produced and discharged from a cell, gland, or organ for a particular function in the organism or for excretion.
Salivary glands secrete saliva into the mouth; they are Blank______ of the digestive system.
accessory organs
The gastrointestinal tract is also called the
alimentary canal
proteins
amino acids
The submucosa consists of Blank______ tissue.
connective
defecation
elimination of feces
Together the submucosal and myenteric plexuses form the
enteric plexus
Trigylcerides
glycerol with 3 fatty acids
The total time it takes food to travel the entire length of the digestive tract is about 24-36
hours
Specialized cells within the myenteric plexus that form a network of pacemaker cells are called
interstitial
Mastication is the
mechanical breakdown of food chewing
segmental contractions
mixing contractions that occur in the small intestine
Carbohydrates
monosaccharides
Propulsion (Digestive Process)
movement of food along the digestive tract
The innermost layer of the digestive tract is called the
mucosa
The tunic of the digestive tract that forms its lining is the
mucosa
Which secretion protects the epithelial cells of the digestive tract from abrasion and digestive enzymes?
mucous
The outermost layer of the mucosa is the
muscularis mucosae
The epithelium that lines the esophagus is
non keratinized
The network of nerve cells in the submucosa that regulates intestinal secretions is called the
submucosal plexus
The enteric plexus is composed of the
submucosal plexus myenteric plexus
deglutition
swallowing
Digestion
Breakdown of food substances into simpler forms that can be absorbed and used
What are the basic functions of the digestive system?
Ingestion Mastication Absorption Digestion Defecation
Ingestion
Intake of food
Peristalsis
Involuntary waves of muscle contraction that keep food moving along in one direction through the digestive system.
Identify the structures of the digestive tract that are lined with simple columnar epithelium.
Large intestine Small intestine Stomach
Identify the functions of the stomach. Select all that apply.
Mixing chamber Storage chamber
Which plexus is more extensive and controls motility of the digestive tract?
Myenteric plexus
Absorption
The process by which nutrient molecules pass through the wall of the digestive system into the blood
The regions of the digestive tract from beginning to end include the mouth, pharynx,......... , stomach, .........., large intestine and anus.
esophagus, small intestine
The adventitia or........ is the outermost layer of structures in the digestive system.
serosa
The abdominal cavity is lined by......... membranes which produce a thin, lubricating film.
serous