Chapter 24

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elimination

Act of removal of materials from the body

mass movements in large intestine

Massive contractions Moves colonic contents into distal part of large intestine

Identify the structures of the digestive tract that are lined with stratified squamous epithelium.

Mouth Oropharynx Anal canal Esophagus

accessory organs

Pancreas Gall bladder Salivary glands Liver

Which region of the stomach connects to the small intestine?

Pyloric canal

What are interstitial cells of the myenteric plexus?

They are cells that promote the rhythmic contractions of the digestive tract.

Secretion

a process by which substances are produced and discharged from a cell, gland, or organ for a particular function in the organism or for excretion.

Salivary glands secrete saliva into the mouth; they are Blank______ of the digestive system.

accessory organs

The gastrointestinal tract is also called the

alimentary canal

proteins

amino acids

The submucosa consists of Blank______ tissue.

connective

defecation

elimination of feces

Together the submucosal and myenteric plexuses form the

enteric plexus

Trigylcerides

glycerol with 3 fatty acids

The total time it takes food to travel the entire length of the digestive tract is about 24-36

hours

Specialized cells within the myenteric plexus that form a network of pacemaker cells are called

interstitial

Mastication is the

mechanical breakdown of food chewing

segmental contractions

mixing contractions that occur in the small intestine

Carbohydrates

monosaccharides

Propulsion (Digestive Process)

movement of food along the digestive tract

The innermost layer of the digestive tract is called the

mucosa

The tunic of the digestive tract that forms its lining is the

mucosa

Which secretion protects the epithelial cells of the digestive tract from abrasion and digestive enzymes?

mucous

The outermost layer of the mucosa is the

muscularis mucosae

The epithelium that lines the esophagus is

non keratinized

The network of nerve cells in the submucosa that regulates intestinal secretions is called the

submucosal plexus

The enteric plexus is composed of the

submucosal plexus myenteric plexus

deglutition

swallowing

Digestion

Breakdown of food substances into simpler forms that can be absorbed and used

What are the basic functions of the digestive system?

Ingestion Mastication Absorption Digestion Defecation

Ingestion

Intake of food

Peristalsis

Involuntary waves of muscle contraction that keep food moving along in one direction through the digestive system.

Identify the structures of the digestive tract that are lined with simple columnar epithelium.

Large intestine Small intestine Stomach

Identify the functions of the stomach. Select all that apply.

Mixing chamber Storage chamber

Which plexus is more extensive and controls motility of the digestive tract?

Myenteric plexus

Absorption

The process by which nutrient molecules pass through the wall of the digestive system into the blood

The regions of the digestive tract from beginning to end include the mouth, pharynx,......... , stomach, .........., large intestine and anus.

esophagus, small intestine

The adventitia or........ is the outermost layer of structures in the digestive system.

serosa

The abdominal cavity is lined by......... membranes which produce a thin, lubricating film.

serous


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