chapter 24 fetal head and brain
the third ventricle is located
between the two lobes of the thalamus
with what structure does the posterior fossa cyst associated with DWM communicate?
fourth ventricle
the sonographic finding of a fluid-filled cranium with absence of cerebral tissue is consistent with:
hydranencephaly
following an intracranial hemorrhage, a cyst is noted within the cerebrum that communicates with the lateral ventricle. This is referred to as:
porencephaly
all of the following are sonographic findings of arnold-chiari 2 malformation except: -enlarged massa intermedia -hydrocephalus -obliteration of the cisterna magna -strawberry sign
strawberry sign
the interthalamic adhesion (massa intermedia) passes through the:
third ventricle
the most common cause of hydrocephalus in utero is
aqueductal stenosis
the cisterna magna should not exceed _____ in the transcerebellar plane
10mm
the anechoic midline brain structure located between the frontal horns of the lateral ventricles is the:
CSP
enlargement of the frontal horns and narrowing of the occipital horns is termed:
colpocephaly
the double fold of dura mater that divides the cerebral hemispheres is the:
falx cerebri
a cloverleaf-shaped skull is related to
thanatophoric dysplasia
the fourth ventricle is located:
anterior to the cerebellar vermis
what cerebral abnormality are atypical facial features most commonly associated with?
holoprosencephaly
the development of fluid-filled cleft within the cerebrum is consistent with:
schizencephaly
what chromosomal aberration is most often associated with holoprosencephaly?
trisomy 13
a strawberry-shaped skull is commonly associated with
trisomy 18
the choroid plexus cyst could be associated with an increased risk of
trisomy 18
dangling choroid plexus sign is associated with:
ventriculomegaly
which of the following will also typically be absent with agenesis of the corpus callosum? -cerebellar vermis -CSP -corpus callosum -falx cerebri
CSP
what cerebral malformation is as a result of agenesis of hypoplasia of the cerebellar vermis?
DWM
absence of the skull is
acrania
the most severe form of holoprosencephaly is
alobar
which of the following is a genetic disorder that includes craniosynostosis, midline facial hypoplasia, and syndactyly? -lobar holoprosencephaly -beckwith-wiedemann syndrome -arnold-chiari 2 malformation -apert syndrome
apert syndrome
the third ventricle communicates with the fourth ventricle at the:
aqueduct of sylvius
a lemon-shaped skull is related to:
arnold-chiari 2 malformation
the structure located between the two lobes of the cerebellum is the:
cerebellar vermis
the band of tissue that allows communication between the right and left cerebral hemispheres is the:
corpus callosum
all of the following are sonographic features of alobar holoprosencephaly except: -cyclopia -monoventricle -dorsal cyst -fused thalamus
dorsal cyst
which of the following should not be included in the correct level for an HC measurement? -falx cerebri -fourth ventricle -thalamus -CSP
fourth ventricle
which of the following would be the most likely fetal cranial findings with TORCH infections?
intracranial calcifications
a cisterna magna that measures 15 mm and a normal appearing cerebellum is most likely
mega cisterna magna
the "sunburst" of the cerebral sulci is a sonographic finding of:
agenesis of the corpus callosum
the condition in which the frontal horns are small and the occipital horns are enlarged is referred to as:
colpocephaly
the most accurate measurement for estimating gestational age is
HC
which of the following is located on both sides of the midline? -interhemispheric fissures -third and fourth ventricles -lateral ventricles -third ventricle and cerebral aquedact
lateral ventricles
the lack of sulci within the fetal cerebrum is a reliable indicator of:
lissencephaly
which of the following would not be normally located within the midline of the fetal brain? -CSP -lobes of the thalamus -third ventricle -falx cerebri
lobes of the thalamus
a normal shaped skull is termed
mesocephaly
what fetal suture is located within the frontal bone along the midline of the forehead?
metopic suture
