CHAPTER 25
Spermatogonia are located near the lumen of seminiferous tubules. A. TRUE B. FALSE
B
A factor that propels an oocyte through the uterine tube is A) pressure exerted by ovarian fluid. B) smooth muscle contraction (peristalsis). C) secretions of the nonciliated cells. D) amoeboid motion of the oocyte.
B
An episiotomy during childbirth is performed to A) save the baby's life. B) minimize tearing of the central tendon and muscles of the pelvic floor. C) prevent the anal canal from being crushed. D) eliminate the pain to the mother.
B
Breast milk production and secretion follows the following sequence: lactiferous sinus, alveoli, lactiferous ducts, nipple A. TRUE B. FALSE
B
In addition to remaining granulosa cells, which of the following cell types make up the corpus luteum? A) oocyte B) theca cells C) cells of the corona radiata D) interstitial cells
B
Lobules and alveoli of the breast develop during puberty. A. TRUE B. FALSE
B
At what point during fetal development is the decidua basalis/chorionic villi collectively referred to as the placenta? A) the first month B) the ninth month C) the start of fourth month D) the end of second month
C
During the proliferative phase of the uterine cycle, these vessels grow and proliferate. A) arcuate arteries B) radial arteries C) spiral arteries D) straight arteries
C
Erection is caused by A) a jointed bone in the penis that unfolds. B) the penis filling up with semen that is about to be ejaculated. C) erectile bodies filling with blood. D) impulses from the sympathetic nervous system
C
The largest macroscopic region of the uterus is its A) fundus. B) body. C) cervix. D) fornix.
B
The placenta consists of which two structures? A) chorionic villi and amnion B) chorionic villi and decidua basalis C) cytotrophoblast and syncytiotrophoblast D) decidua basalis and decidua capsularis
B
The seminal vesicles A) store sperm. B) are glands that secrete most of the volume of the semen. C) secrete digestive enzymes when cancerous. D) empty into the epididymis.
B
The spermatic cord is another name for the ductus deferens. A. TRUE B. FALSE
B
The vaginal fornix A) is in the superior part of the vestibule. B) surrounds the tip of the cervix. C) is in the middle layer of the vaginal wall. D) surrounds the external vaginal orifice.
B
The zona pellucida A) is the portion of the placenta in which maternal blood contacts fetal tissues. B) is a protective shell around the oocyte that sperm must penetrate for fertilization to occur. C) is the region of the uterine tube where fertilization occurs. D) is the remnant of the vesicular follicle that becomes the corpus luteum.
B
Tubules that connect testicular lobules with the efferent ductules of the epididymis. A) seminiferous tubules B) rete testis C) pampiniform plexus D) ductus deferens E) straight tubules
B
Which of the following is the primary sex organ in the male? A) the prostate B) the testis C) the epididymis D) the penis
B
Which structure is not derived from the embryonic paramesonephric ducts? A) cervix B) clitoris C) upper vagina D) uterine tube
B
Which testicular cells help deliver sperm to the epididymis by contracting rhythmically? A) interstitial B) myoid C) sustentocytes D) type A spermatocytes
B
The milk-producing cells in the breast are A) adipose cells (because milk contains 4% fat). B) columnar epithelial cells in lobules. C) simple cuboidal epithelial cells in alveoli. D) endocrine cells.
C
The opening of the oviduct is surrounded by these structures. A) internal os B) external os C) fimbriae D) isthmus E) cardinal ligaments
C
The prepuce of the clitoris is formed by A) the fourchette. B) the hymen of the vagina. C) the labia minora. D) the mons pubis.
C
The structural basis of the blood-testis barrier is A) the basal lamina around the seminiferous tubules. B) the endothelial cells of the continuous (nonfenestrated) capillaries that supply the seminiferous tubules. C) the tight junctions between sustentocytes. D) the thick basal lamina around the capillaries that supply the seminiferous tubules.
C
Tubular organ that is transected during a vasectomy. A) epididymis B) rete testis C) ductus deferens D) spermatic cord E) pampiniform plexus
C
Which female structure is homologous to the corpus spongiosum of the penis? A) clitoris B) crura C) bulb of the vestibule D) labia minora
C
Which of the following anchors the uterus into an anteverted position in the pelvis? A) broad ligament B) ovarian ligament C) round ligament D) suspensory ligament
C
The most common site of ectopic pregnancy is the A) uterus. B) peritoneal cavity. C) vagina. D) uterine tube.
D
This layer of the uterus contracts during parturition to expel the baby. A) perimetrium B) stratum functionalis C) stratum basalis D) myometrium E) endometrium
D
Type of cell in the testes that produces testosterone. A) spermatogonium B) primary spermatocyte C) spermatid D) interstitial E) sustentocytes
D
By undergoing meiosis, each primary spermatocyte ultimately gives rise to how many sperm cells? A) two B) four C) eight D) billions
B
Inguinal hernias A) always reach the scrotum. B) always enter the inguinal canal. C) occur with equal frequency in males and females. D) are signs of old age and almost never congenital.
B
Primordial follicles develop into primary oocytes within the germinal epithelium of the ovary A. TRUE B. FALSE
B
Seminiferous tubules are the site of sperm storage. A. TRUE B. FALSE
B
Sperm become motile in the A) ductus deferens. B) epididymis. C) seminiferous tubules. D) prostate.
B
The ductus deferens and uterine tube are homologous structures, each deriving from the same embryonic duct. A. TRUE B. FALSE
B
The ejaculatory ducts are formed by the union of the ductus deferens and urethra A. TRUE B. FALSE
B
The epithelium lining the vagina is A) simple columnar. B) stratified squamous. C) pseudostratified columnar. D) simple squamous.
B
The female homologue of the male scrotum is the A) ovary. B) labia majora. C) penile urethra. D) bulb of the vestibule.
B
The female uterine cycle begins A) at ovulation. B) on the first day of menstruation. C) at the end of menstruation. D) every six weeks.
B
The fluid-filled cavity in a mature ovarian follicle is known as A) zona pellucidum. B) antrum. C) corona radiate. D) theca folliculi. E) granulaosa cells.
B
The function of the pampiniform plexus of veins is to A) help prevent hernias. B) help cool blood. C) form the outer wall of the spermatic cord. D) form hydroceles.
B
Fertilization of the ovum normally occurs in this region of the oviduct. A) isthmus B) fimbriae C) infundibulum D) ampulla E) intrauterine portion
D
Fingerlike placental structures where oxygen and nutrients from the maternal blood supply diffuse into the embryonic blood. A) syncytiotrophoblast B) allantois C) amnion D) chorionic villi E) extraembryonic membrane
D
In cows, the nipples (teats) are in the groin region, not in the midthorax as in humans. What is the most logical reason for this difference between cows and people? A) Cows' mammary glands have entirely different embryonic origins from human ones. B) Male cows do not produce milk. C) Cows are more likely to develop inguinal hernias, and their mammary glands protect against that. D) Cows' mammary glands arise from a different part of the milk line.
D
In females, the paramesonephric ducts give rise to A) the ovaries. B) the vestibule in the vulva. C) the corpora cavernosa (erectile bodies). D) the uterine tubes and uterus.
D
In males, the paramesonephric (Müllerian) ducts A) give rise to the penile urethra. B) give rise to the prostate gland. C) give rise to the vas deferens. D) degenerate and don't form any structures in males.
D
In the early fetus, all of the following are parts of the chorionic villi except the A) syncytiotrophoblast. B) cytotrophoblast. C) extraembryonic mesoderm. D) decidua.
D
Most support of the uterus is provided by the A) mesometrium. B) round ligament. C) cardinal ligament. D) muscles of the pelvic floor.
D
Of the following tubes, which is the only one that lies partly outside the testis? A) tubulus rectus B) seminiferous tubule C) rete testis D) efferent ductule
D
Sperm are moved into the epididymis from the testis by A) swimming under their own power. B) gravity. C) suction. D) testicular fluid moved by cilia and smooth muscle cells.
D
The correct sequence of sperm-transporting tubules that transport spermatozoa to the epididymis is the A) seminiferous tubule to efferent ductule to straight tubule to rete testis. B) seminiferous tubule to rete testis to straight tubule to efferent ductule. C) seminiferous tubule to rete testis to efferent ductule to straight tubule. D) seminiferous tubule to straight tubule to rete testis to efferent ductule
D
The function of the cremaster muscle is to A) squeeze semen from the urethra during ejaculation. B) maintain erection in both sexes. C) increase intra-abdominal pressure during childbirth. D) alter the position of the testes in the scrotal sac with increases in ambient temperature.
D
Which of the following events occurs when the testes do not descend before birth? A) Male sex hormones will not circulate in the body. B) Sperm will have no route of exit from the body. C) Inadequate blood supply will retard the development of the testes. D) Viable sperm will not be produced.
D
Which of the following organs does not contribute secretion(s) during the male sexual response? A) prostate B) seminal vesicles C) bulbourethral glands D) corpus cavernosum
D
Which of the following statements about pelvic inflammatory disease is incorrect? A) It can lead to sterility. B) It is usually caused by chlamydia or gonorrhea. C) It includes salpingitis. D) It inhibits ovulation.
D
Sustentocytes support developing sperm and form a blood-testis barrier. A. TRUE B. FALSE
A
The cells that secrete estrogens in females are A) oocytes. B) cells in the pituitary gland. C) granulosa cells. D) germinal epithelium of the ovary.
C
All of the following are located within the spermatic cord except the A) superficial inguinal ring. B) ductus deferens. C) pampiniform plexus. D) testicular artery.
A
Although the ovaries and uterine tubes are retroperitoneal, oocytes are ovulated into the peritoneal cavity A. TRUE B. FALSE
A
Breast milk collects in the lactiferous sinus when a woman breastfeeds her infant. A. TRUE B. FALSE
A
Cryptorchidism is a congenital condition in which one or both testes fail to descend into the scrotum A. TRUE B. FALSE
A
Granulosa cells of a maturing ovarian follicle convert androgens to estrogens that will stimulate proliferation of the endometrium. A. TRUE B. FALSE
A
Hypospadias A) never occurs in females. B) is characterized by the absence of a urethra. C) cannot be detected through an examination of the outside of a baby's body. D) has no effects until puberty, when males start producing sperm.
A
In an adult woman who has never been pregnant, the breasts have poorly developed or no A) lobules of acini/alveoli. B) lactiferous sinuses. C) suspensory ligaments. D) areolar glands.
A
In breast cancer, the cancer cells usually originate from the A) lactiferous ductules. B) cuboidal acinar cells. C) fat cells in the breast. D) endothelium of the lymph vessels in the breasts.
A
In which part of the uterine tube does fertilization usually occur? A) ampulla B) isthmus C) infundibulum D) It doesn't occur in the uterine tubes.
A
Oogenesis takes years to complete. A. TRUE B. FALSE
A
The acrosomal reaction occurs A) just before fertilization. B) during meiosis of the sperm. C) during spermiogenesis. D) during placentation.
A
The capillaries within a chorionic villus of the placenta contain blood A) from the fetus. B) from the mother. C) from both the fetus and the mother. D) that doesn't belong to the fetus or the mother.
A
The epididymis, ductus deferens, and seminal vesicles are all derived from mesonephric (Wolffian) duct A. TRUE B. FALSE
A
The ovarian cortex consists of A) follicles and connective tissue. B) the largest blood vessels of the ovary. C) the hilus of the ovary. D) the mesovarium.
A
The typical (diploid) cells of the body have 46 chromosomes; how many chromosomes does each gamete have? A) 23 B) 46 C) 46 pairs D) 184
A
The usual site of embryo implantation is the A) uterus. B) peritoneal cavity. C) vagina. D) uterine tube.
A
This multinucleate embryonic structure invades the uterus, digesting cells and maternal blood vessels to make way for development of the placenta. A) syncytiotrophoblast B) morula C) inner cell mass D) decidua basalis E) decidua capsularis
A
Which of the following pairs of structures is not derived from the same embryonic tissues? A) ductus deferens, uterine tube B) penis, clitoris C) spongy urethra, labia minora D) testes, ovaries
A
Which structure develops into the umbilical cord? A) body stalk B) chorionic villi C) decidua capsularis D) placenta
A
All of the following are functions of the sustentocytes in the seminiferous tubules except A) secretion of androgen-binding protein. B) secretion of testicular fluid. C) secretion of testosterone. D) phagocytosis of excess cytoplasm from spermatids during spermiogenesis.
C
In the late stages of pregnancy, the placental barrier of the chorionic villi consists only of which two layers? A) decidua capsularis and decidua basalis B) syncytiotrophoblast and cytotrophoblast C) syncytiotrophoblast and capillary endothelium D) cytotrophoblast and extraembryonic mesoderm
C
Involuntary contraction of this smooth muscle layer wrinkles and thickens the walls of the scrotum to prevent heat loss. A) tunica albuginea B) tunica vaginalis C) dartos muscle D) cremaster muscle E) internal spermatic fascia
C
Technically, the theca folliculi is not part of the ovarian follicle, although it is associated with it. Instead, the theca folliculi arises from the A) zona pellucida. B) basal lamina around the follicle. C) connective tissue that fills the area between follicles. D) ovarian medulla.
C
The deep inguinal ring is formed by A) extension of the external oblique muscle. B) extension of the internal oblique muscle. C) fascia layer deep to the transversus abdominis muscle. D) cremaster muscle.
C
The embryonic urethral folds develop into the female A) bulb of the vestibule. B) labia majora. C) labia minora. D) urethra.
C
A difference between a primary follicle and a primordial follicle is that A) one has an antrum and the other does not. B) the oocyte is larger in the primordial follicle. C) the primary follicle is an earlier stage than the primordial follicle. D) the primordial follicle has only a single layer of flat follicular cells, whereas the primary follicle is comprised of cuboidal follicle cells.
D
A hydrocele A) occurs in females only. B) is a series of varicosities of the pampiniform plexus. C) is a sac filled with intestines that have pushed through the abdominal wall. D) is excess serous fluid in the scrotum.
D
A woman has developed a cancerous lump in each breast, and the skin of the breasts is dimpled. What structure(s) is (are) causing the dimpling? A) pectoralis major muscle B) pectoralis minor muscle C) smooth muscle cells around the ducts of the large glands in the breast D) suspensory ligaments of the breast
D
A woman's sex cells (germ cells) originate embryologically A) in the innermost part of the gonad. B) from the germinal epithelium of the ovary. C) from the follicular cells of the follicles. D) from yolk sac endoderm.
D
All of the following are adaptations for keeping the testes cool except the A) descent of the testes into the scrotum before birth. B) pampiniform plexus of veins. C) cremaster and dartos. D) testicular artery.
D