chapter 25 study guide
may 1955 court said integration should take place
"with all deliberate speed at the earliest possible date"
what happened in Little Rock, Arkansas
* 9 African American students tried to attend central high school * september 1957 * 2000 white students attended there
when did JFK die?_________ how?________
* November 22, 1963 * killed
king followed the teaching of _________________ _______________, who strategy involved 4 steps
* investigation * negotiation * publicity * demonstration
how did African Americans respond in montgomery
* refused to ride the buses * they carpooled using station wagons to pick people up
how did the supreme court rule
* segregation on mongomery buses was unconsitutional * december 20, 1956 segregation ended on the buses
to win JFK need the votes from the _______________ and the ____________ ___________
* segregationist * black vote
what was the eventual outcome in Little Rock
* september 25, 1957 hundreds of paratroopers lined the route to the school * the 9 students were allowed to attend
________________ ________________ ________________ _______________ (SNCC) was formed, said "jail not bail" used as civil disobedience, after the ideas of ______________ ________________ _____________
* student nonviolent coordinating committee * henry david thoreau
Virginia's governor thomas stanley declared "___________________" southern states passed more than ____________ laws and resolutions to stop brown
*"i shall use every legal means at my command to continue segregate schools in Virginia" *450
what 3 supreme court decision gave new direction in the 1950's
*railroad car operating in the south must provide equal service to all travelers. regardless of race *African American students could not be segregated within a school also attended by whites *"intagible factors" not just buildings or books, had to be considered when comparing the education provided by African Americans and whites
what was the southern manifesto
100 southern congressmen signed the southern manifesto
what happened in jackson
26 blacks and 2 whites arrested when they got off the bus
how long did the bus boycott last
381 days
what happened in birmingham, alabama in 1963
4 young black girls were killed in a church bombing
how would JFK get the white southern vote
LBJ
who did not sign the southern manifesto
LBJ
who was the new president
LBJ
what happened on july 2, 1963
LBJ signed into law the most comprehensive civil rights legislation enacted up to that time
_________ joined the fight
MLK
april 4, 1968 ________ was assassinated
MLK
what happened on august 28, 1963
MLK " i have a dream" speech
who were the freedom riders
a bus load of 13 passengers left washington dc for new orleans
who is john lewis
a freedom rider
what is a martyr
a person dies in the name of an important cause followed by another
what happened on august 11, 1965
a riot broke out
where was one bus firebomed
anniston, alabama
1965 voting rights act did what
banned literacy tests to vote 750,000 African Americans registered to vote
what would they test
blacks to go into whites-only waiting rooms to see if they were integrated
the brutal attack by law enforcement officers against peaceful demonstrators in selma, alabama became known as
bloody sunday
when a small group of senators take turns speaking and refuse to stop the debate and allow a bill to come to vote
filibuster
what happened to the civil rights movement after king
floundered without strong leaderships
why was rosa parks arrested
for not giving her seat up to a white passenger on a city bus
what did this act do
forbid segregation in hotels, motels, restaurants, lunch counters, theaters, and sporting arenas
civil rights demonstrators demanded "__________"
freedom note
who tried to stop it
governor of arkansas orval faubus
the supreme court's ruling in brown v. board of education ended segregation
in public schools
where were 3 civil rights workers killed in 1964
mississippi
who was malcom x
most vocal black muslim
king encouraged his followers to use ______________-_____________ should not fight with authorities, even if provoked to do so
nonviolence- resistance
what action does president eisenhower take
ordered federal troops into Little Rock and nationalized the Arkansas National Guard
what was de facto segregation
segregation by custom and tradition
white segregationists said "______________"
segregation forever
who was everett dirksen
senate minority leader
what was pressy v. ferguson (1898)
separate but equal was legal
a new tactic will be used in nonviolent resistance
sit-in
why did MLK fight in selma, alabama
small percent of African Americans were allowed to vote
who was james meredith
the first black man to go to university of mississippi
what is segregation
the separation or isolate of a race, class or group
people came to regard this as what
the true beginning of the civil rights movement of 1950's and 1960's
who led the NAACP
thurgood marshall
what did LBJ promise
to allow African American the right to vote
why did public opinion change after birmingham
use of violence used by police
why did JFK push for black voter registration
votes were power
where did this take place
watts section of LA
did the sit-in work
yes