chapter 25 study guide

may 1955 court said integration should take place

"with all deliberate speed at the earliest possible date"

what happened in Little Rock, Arkansas

* 9 African American students tried to attend central high school * september 1957 * 2000 white students attended there

when did JFK die?_________ how?________

* November 22, 1963 * killed

king followed the teaching of _________________ _______________, who strategy involved 4 steps

* investigation * negotiation * publicity * demonstration

how did African Americans respond in montgomery

* refused to ride the buses * they carpooled using station wagons to pick people up

how did the supreme court rule

* segregation on mongomery buses was unconsitutional * december 20, 1956 segregation ended on the buses

to win JFK need the votes from the _______________ and the ____________ ___________

* segregationist * black vote

what was the eventual outcome in Little Rock

* september 25, 1957 hundreds of paratroopers lined the route to the school * the 9 students were allowed to attend

________________ ________________ ________________ _______________ (SNCC) was formed, said "jail not bail" used as civil disobedience, after the ideas of ______________ ________________ _____________

* student nonviolent coordinating committee * henry david thoreau

Virginia's governor thomas stanley declared "___________________" southern states passed more than ____________ laws and resolutions to stop brown

*"i shall use every legal means at my command to continue segregate schools in Virginia" *450

what 3 supreme court decision gave new direction in the 1950's

*railroad car operating in the south must provide equal service to all travelers. regardless of race *African American students could not be segregated within a school also attended by whites *"intagible factors" not just buildings or books, had to be considered when comparing the education provided by African Americans and whites

what was the southern manifesto

100 southern congressmen signed the southern manifesto

what happened in jackson

26 blacks and 2 whites arrested when they got off the bus

how long did the bus boycott last

381 days

what happened in birmingham, alabama in 1963

4 young black girls were killed in a church bombing

how would JFK get the white southern vote

LBJ

who did not sign the southern manifesto

LBJ

who was the new president

LBJ

what happened on july 2, 1963

LBJ signed into law the most comprehensive civil rights legislation enacted up to that time

_________ joined the fight

MLK

april 4, 1968 ________ was assassinated

MLK

what happened on august 28, 1963

MLK " i have a dream" speech

who were the freedom riders

a bus load of 13 passengers left washington dc for new orleans

who is john lewis

a freedom rider

what is a martyr

a person dies in the name of an important cause followed by another

what happened on august 11, 1965

a riot broke out

where was one bus firebomed

anniston, alabama

1965 voting rights act did what

banned literacy tests to vote 750,000 African Americans registered to vote

what would they test

blacks to go into whites-only waiting rooms to see if they were integrated

the brutal attack by law enforcement officers against peaceful demonstrators in selma, alabama became known as

bloody sunday

when a small group of senators take turns speaking and refuse to stop the debate and allow a bill to come to vote

filibuster

what happened to the civil rights movement after king

floundered without strong leaderships

why was rosa parks arrested

for not giving her seat up to a white passenger on a city bus

what did this act do

forbid segregation in hotels, motels, restaurants, lunch counters, theaters, and sporting arenas

civil rights demonstrators demanded "__________"

freedom note

who tried to stop it

governor of arkansas orval faubus

the supreme court's ruling in brown v. board of education ended segregation

in public schools

where were 3 civil rights workers killed in 1964

mississippi

who was malcom x

most vocal black muslim

king encouraged his followers to use ______________-_____________ should not fight with authorities, even if provoked to do so

nonviolence- resistance

what action does president eisenhower take

ordered federal troops into Little Rock and nationalized the Arkansas National Guard

what was de facto segregation

segregation by custom and tradition

white segregationists said "______________"

segregation forever

who was everett dirksen

senate minority leader

what was pressy v. ferguson (1898)

separate but equal was legal

a new tactic will be used in nonviolent resistance

sit-in

why did MLK fight in selma, alabama

small percent of African Americans were allowed to vote

who was james meredith

the first black man to go to university of mississippi

what is segregation

the separation or isolate of a race, class or group

people came to regard this as what

the true beginning of the civil rights movement of 1950's and 1960's

who led the NAACP

thurgood marshall

what did LBJ promise

to allow African American the right to vote

why did public opinion change after birmingham

use of violence used by police

why did JFK push for black voter registration

votes were power

where did this take place

watts section of LA

did the sit-in work

yes