Chapter 27 Homework

What structure is the target for gonadotropin stimulation occurring during the events that lead to ovulation? A. The endometrium B. Vesicular follicles C. The corpus luteum D. Pituitary gland

B. Vesicular follicles

A boy who has not passed through puberty sustains an injury to his anterior pituitary such that FSH is no longer released, but LH is normal. After he grows to maturity, one would expect that he would ___________. A. Be unable to produce viable sperm B. Not develop secondary sex characteristics C. Be impotent (unable to have an erection) D. Have impaired function of interstitial cells

A. Be unable to produce viable sperm

Effects of estrogen include ________. A. Growth of the breasts at puberty B. Increased oiliness of the skin C. Growth of the larynx D. Deepening of the voice

A. Growth of the breasts at puberty

Which of the following reduces circulating blood levels of follicle-stimulating (FSH) when the sperm count is high? A. Inhibin B. Luteinizing hormone (LH) C. Estradiol D. Androgen-binding protein (ABP)

A. Inhibin

What event coincides with the transition from proliferative phase to the secretory phase? A. Ovulation occurs B. Stratum functionalis is shed C. Menstruation begins D. Glandular secretions commence

A. Ovulation occurs

During the secretory phase of the uterine cycle, ___________. A. The endometrium prepares for implantation B. The functional layer of the endometrium regenerates C. Ovulation occurs D. The endometrium is shed

A. The endometrium prepares for implantation

Which of the choices below is NOT a function of testosterone? A. Stimulates protein synthesis B. Stimulates the HPG axis C. Contributes to male sexual behavior and spermatogenesis D. Stimulates the male pattern of development

B. Stimulates the HPG axis

The release of ___________ encourages sustentocytes to release ______________ A. Inhibin; testosterone B. Follicle-stimulating hormone; androgen-binding protein C. Luteinizing hormone; androgen-binding protein D. Luteinizing hormone; testosterone

B. Follicle-stimulating hormone; androgen-binding protein

What hormone, produced in the anterior pituitary gland, works in conjunction with gonadal steroids to promote bone development in males? A. Prolactin B. Growth hormone C. Follicle-stimulating hormone D. Luteinizing hormone

B. Growth hormone

Select the correct statement about the hormonal events of the ovarian cycle A. The LH surge stimulates further development of the secondary oocyte B. High estrogen levels result in a surge of LH release C. The follicle begins to secrete progesterone in response to estrogen stimulation D. Rising levels of estrogen start follicle development

B. High estrogen levels result in a surge of LH release

During the secretory phase of the menstrual cycle, _________ reaches its highest levels A. FSH B. Progesterone C. LH D. Estrogen

B. Progesterone

Which of the following phases or processes in the monthly reproductive cycle of the female occur simultaneously? A. Early follicular development and the secretory phase in the uterus B. Regression of the corpus luteum and a decrease in ovarian progesterone secretion C. Maximal LH secretion and menstruation D. Maximal steroid secretion by the corpus luteum and menstruation

B. Regression of the corpus luteum and a decrease in ovarian progesterone secretion

Which of the following shows the correct pathway for sperm cells as they leave the testes? A. Ductus deferens, epididymis, rete testis, seminiferous tubule B. Seminiferous tubule, rete testis, epididymis, ductus deferens C. Ductus deferens, epididymis, seminiferous tubule, rete testis D. Rete testis, seminiferous tubule, epididymis, ductus deferens

B. Seminiferous tubule, rete testis, epididymis, ductus deferens

Which is NOT a part of the proliferative phase of the female menstrual cycle? A. Late in this phase, cervical mucus becomes thin and crystalline B. Vesicular follicle growth C. Corpus luteum secretion D. Development of endometrial cells

C. Corpus luteum secretion

A low secretion of luteinizing hormone (LH) in the normal male adult would cause __________. A. Increased spermatogenesis B. Excessive beard growth C. Decreased testosterone secretion D. Shrinkage of the anterior pituitary gland

C. Decreased testosterone secretion

In humans, separation of the cells at the two-cell state following fertilization may lead to the production of twins, which in this case would be _________. A. Dizygotic B. Potentially of different sexes C. Genetically identical D. Fraternal

C. Genetically identical

Which male hormone provides negative feedback for the secretion of FSH? A. ACTH B. GnRH C. Inhibin D. ICSH

C. Inhibin

The hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis __________. A. Involves posterior pituitary release of two regulating hormones B. Involves positive feedback control of spermatogenesis C. Involves FSH and LH release from the anterior pituitary D. Involves the release of testosterone from the anterior pituitary

C. Involves FSH and LH release from the anterior pituitary

Which hormone is the necessary trigger for ovulation to occur? A. Estrogen B. FSH C. LH D. Progesterone

C. LH

If a male undergoes a vasectomy, which of the following can no longer take place? A. Passage of sperm cells from the rete testes to the epididymis duct B. Passage of sperm cells from the seminiferous tubules to the rete testes C. Passage of sperm cells from the epididymus to the urethra D. Passage of sperm cells from the epididymis duct to the epididymis tail

C. Passage of sperm cells from the epididymis to the urethra

Secretion of progesterone stimulates ___________. A. Contraction of uterine muscles B. Development of the female secondary sex characteristics C. Preparation of the mammary glands for lactation D. Proliferation of the uterine myometrium

C. Preparation of the mammary glands for lactation

Which of the following is the result of the meiosis during spermatogenesis? A. Shedding of excess cytoplasm B. Formation of flagellum C. Production of haploid cells D. Formation of semen

C. Production of haploid cells

Which of the following is an effect of estrogens in females? A. Suppresses the effect of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) B. Promotes lactation C. Promotes oogenesis D. Promotes water loss (diuresis)

C. Promotes oogenesis

Erection of the penis results from ____________. A. A sympathetic activation of bulbospongiosus muscles B. Dilation of the veins in the penis C. Parasympathetic activation of the bulbourethral glands D. A parasympathetic reflex that promotes release of nitric oxide

D. A parasympathetic reflex that promotes release of nitric oxide

Normally menstruation occurs when ____________. A. The corpus luteum secretes estrogen B. Blood levels of estrogen and progesterone increase C. Blood levels of FSH fall off D. Blood levels of estrogen and progesterone decrease

D. Blood levels of estrogen and progesterone decrease

Select the correct statement about the uterine cycle. A. During the proliferative phase, levels of progesterone rise as the follicle produces more hormone B. During the secretory phase, estrogen levels are at their highest C. The menstrual phase of the cycle is normally from day 1 to day 8 D. If fertilization occurs, the corpus luteum is maintained by a hormone secreted by the developing embryo

D. If fertilization occurs, the corpus luteum is maintained by a hormone secreted by the developing embryo

In males, which of the following includes the correct target and result of LH stimulation? A. Sustentocytes: increased spermatogenesis B. Sustentocytes: Increased testosterone C. Interstitial cells: increased androgen-binding protein (ABP) secretions D. Interstitial cells: increased androgen secretions

D. Interstitial cells: increased androgen secretions

Sperm is produced in the ____________. A. Ejaculatory duct B. Epididymis C. Ductus deferens D. Seminiferous tubules

D. Seminiferous tubules

Which hormone promotes the formation of male secondary sex characteristics such as the appearance of pubic, axillary, and facial hair; enhanced hair growth on the chest; and a deepening voice? A. Luteinizing hormone (LH) B. Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) C. Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) D. Testosterone

D. Testosterone

Which of the choices below is NOT a part of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis? A. Hypothalamus B. Interstitial cells C. Anterior pituitary gland D. Thalamus

D. Thalamus

Formation of a secondary oocyte occurs during ____________. A. Pregnancy B. The luteal phase C. Ovulation D. The follicular phase

D. The follicular phase

The oral contraceptive pill, informally called "the pill," contains an estrogen and progesterone, or a synthetic mimic of this hormone. The combination o these two hormones, taken in the pill and circulating in the blood, works because ___________. A. The hormones create an acid condition in the vagina that acts as a spermicide B. The hormones cause a thickening of the mucus plug at the cervix that prevents sperm from penetrating the womb and reaching the ovulated egg C. The hormones prevent the proliferative or secretory phase of the menstrual cycle and the embryo will have no place to implant D. The hormones cause the woman's body to mimic the activities of a pregnancy and disrupt the ovarian cycle, preventing ovulation

D. The hormones cause the woman's body to mimic the activities of a pregnancy and disrupt the ovarian cycle, preventing ovulation

Ovarian follicles contain mature eggs. True/False

False

Ovulation occurs near the end of the ovarian cycle. True/False

False

Sperm are ejaculated from the corpora cavernosa of the penis. True/False

False

The adenohypophyseal hormone that triggers ovulation is estrogen. True/False

False

The molecule that enhances the ability of testosterone to promote spermatogenesis is inhibin. True/False

False

Male erection is a response to a parasympathetic reflex, and ejaculation is a response to a sympathetic reflex. True/False

True

Male testicular functions are regulated by FSH and LH. True/False

True