Chapter 27

On what factor does the pattern of tertiary phase injuries​ depend? A. Direction B. Distance and point of impact C. Mass D. Velocity

B. Distance and point of impact

What is the first act of patient care that should be performed on the multisystem trauma​ patient? A. Control external hemorrhage. B. Establish a patent airway. C. Establish spinal stabilization. D. Provide oxygenation.

C. Establish spinal stabilization.

Speed being​ equal, which impact is most likely to damage muscles and ligaments of the​ neck? A. Frontal impact B. Rear impact C. Lateral impact D. They are all about the same.

C. Lateral impact

A lap belt that is worn too low can result in what injury from a frontal​ crash? A. Dislocated hips B. Fractured pelvis C. Abdominal injuries D. Knee fractures

A. Dislocated hips

Injuries from which phase of the blast typically go unsuspected or​ ignored? A. Primary B. Secondary C. Tertiary D. Quaternary

A. Primary

A​ patient, who was constructing a bomb in his​ basement, has sustained a​ secondary-phase blast injury. Which presentation would the EMT most likely observe from this blast​ phase? A. Screwdriver impaled in the thorax B. Complaint of nausea after inhaling fumes C. Headache and shortness of breath D. Burns to the​ head, neck, and chest

A. Screwdriver impaled in the thorax

Acceleration and deceleration are measures​ of: A. rate. B. velocity. C. mass. D. energy.

A. rate.

Which piece of information would you provide to a group of young teenage drivers to decrease their chance of suffering a​ "whiplash"-type injury if involved in a motor vehicle​ collision? A. Properly wear seat belts with a headrest in the down position B. Ensure that the head rest is properly positioned C. Make sure the car has​ side-door air bags D. Position the​ car's seats in a full upright position

B. Ensure that the head rest is properly positioned

You are assessing a male patient who was stabbed three times in the chest and abdomen. As you begin your primary​ assessment, you note the patient to have a decreased level of consciousness and gurgling respirations. Your next action would be​ to: A. Check his pulse B. Suction the airway C. Apply a cervical collar D. Obtain an SpO2 reading

B. Suction the airway

Approximately what percentage of trauma victims are multisystem trauma​ patients? A. ​50% B. ​10% C. ​75% D. ​90%

B. ​10%

At what height does a fall become severe enough for an adult to necessitate trauma services based solely on the mechanism of​ injury? A. 10 feet B. 25 feet C. 20 feet D. 30 feet

C. 20 feet

A​ "whiplash"-type neck injury is most often observed with which type of​ collision? A. Rollover B. Frontal impact C. ​Rear-end impact D. Ejection

C. ​Rear-end impact

A male patient has sustained gunshot wounds to the neck and abdomen. He is unresponsive and has gurgling respirations. Your immediate action would be​ to: A. Place a cervical collar and position the patient on a long board B. Start positive pressure ventilation and then place a cervical collar and maintain manual spine motion restriction C. Insert a nasal airway and place the patient on a long backboard D. Suction the airway while providing manual spine motion restriction

D. Suction the airway while providing manual spine motion restriction

Regarding the field triage of injured​ patients, which of these patients is NOT a member of a special patient population that would necessitate transport to a trauma​ center? A. A female patient who is 12 weeks pregnant and who fell on the​ sidewalk, injuring her hip and wrist B. A​ 70-year-old male patient with a systolic blood pressure of 104 mmHg after wrecking his car into a tree C. A female patient with a suspected brain injury from a fall who also takes prescribed anticoagulants D. A male patient with a broken femur and burns to 25 percent of his body after jumping from a​ second-story window of a house that was on fire

A. A female patient who is 12 weeks pregnant and who fell on the​ sidewalk, injuring her hip and wrist

What damage is MOST common when a person falls on outstretched​ arms? A. Colles fracture B. ​Mid-shaft humerus fracture C. Elbow dislocation D. Rotator cuff injury

A. Colles fracture

A patient who was involved in a motor vehicle collision is complaining of neck pain. Which piece of information would most contribute to the​ EMT's high index of suspicion that the patient may have suffered more significant injuries beyond isolated neck​ pain? A. Death of the​ car's driver B. Difficulty turning is head to the right C. Lack of air bags in the car D. External damage to the car is significant

A. Death of the​ car's driver

You arrive at the scene where a young male patient fell out of a tree he was climbing. Although he fell from a lower​ branch, he was still reportedly​ 10-12 feet in the air when he fell. The patient landed on his side on the ground. Which element of the kinematics of trauma would explain the mechanism of any injuries he may have​ sustained? A. Rapid deceleration B. Terminal velocity C. Terminal mass D. Rapid acceleration

A. Rapid deceleration

When triaging a​ patient, of the​ following, you should first assess​ the: A. level of consciousness. B. mechanism of the injury. C. system considerations. D. anatomy of the injury.

A. level of consciousness.

The first point of impact in​ head-first falls is​ typically: A. the arms. B. the shoulders. C. the crown of the head. D. the face.

A. the arms.

In a motorcycle​ collision, burns are most commonly associated​ with: A. the leg being caught between the motorcycle and the ground. B. friction from the slide. C. continued operation of the engine. D. ignition of the fuel tank.

A. the leg being caught between the motorcycle and the ground.

In caring for a patient with a penetrating​ injury, it is important to remember​ that: A. the severity of injury caused by penetrating trauma is related to the velocity of the penetrating object. B. the damage caused by​ medium-velocity projectiles depends primarily on the profile and the drag of the projectile. C. bullet exit wounds are generally larger than the entrance​ wounds, owing to the tumbling motion of the bullet. D. a shotgun wound is an example of a​ low-velocity injury.

A. the severity of injury caused by penetrating trauma is related to the velocity of the penetrating object.

A patient has been stabbed with a knife at the fifth intercostal space on the right side of the chest in an attempted suicide. Assessment reveals him to be short of breath and coughing. Which question is it most important for the EMT to ask regarding the​ weapon? A. ​"How long was the knife​ blade?" B. ​"Did you push the knife in slowly or​ quickly?" C. ​"Did the knife penetrate your chest​ easily?" D. ​"Was the knife clean or​ dirty?"

A. ​"How long was the knife​ blade?"

Why is the exit wound of a bullet always larger than the entry​ wound? A. When the bullet enters the​ dermis, it breaks into many small pieces that travel in different directions. As these bullet pieces pass out of the​ body, they destroy a wide path of tissue. B. As the​ bullet's energy dissipates into​ flesh, its kinetic energy is transferred to the tissues. This causes exit wounds that are much larger than entry wounds. C. As the bullet enters the​ skin, it flattens​ out, or​ "mushrooms," increasing its surface area.​ Thus, when it exits the​ body, it displaces more tissue than it did when it entered. This creates the larger exit wounds. D. As the superheated metal of the bullet proceeds through the​ skin, it burns away all tissue that it touches. The heat destruction radiates into a tubular shape along the trajectory of the​ bullet, causing the​ bullet's exit to be larger than its entrance.

B. As the​ bullet's energy dissipates into​ flesh, its kinetic energy is transferred to the tissues. This causes exit wounds that are much larger than entry wounds.

Emergency Medical Responders have removed an intoxicated and confused patient from a car that struck another vehicle at a high rate of speed. The patient was unrestrained and his car did not have air bags. Assessment reveals deformity bilaterally to the hips and femurs and bruising to the knees. Based on this injury​ pattern, the EMT would recognize which type of injury​ mechanism? A. Up and over B. Down and under C. High velocity D. Lateral impact

B. Down and under

While conducting field triage of injured​ patients, which of the following special considerations indicates a need for transport to a trauma​ center? A. Eye injuries B. Emergency medical service​ (EMS) provider judgment C. Age greater than 45 years of age D. Pregnancy greater than 10 weeks

B. Emergency medical service​ (EMS) provider judgment

As part of your service to the​ community, you are certified as a car seat specialist and provide monthly classes on the safe transport of infants and children. Over the course of one​ day, several cars have pulled into your EMS station and asked you to look at their car seats. Which car seat position would indicate that the parent is safely transporting his or her infant​ (younger than 1 year​ old)? A. Facing backward in an upright position in the front seat​ (45 degrees) B. Facing backward in the back seat in a reclined position​ (45 degrees) C. Facing forward in the back seat in a reclined position​ (60 degrees) D. Facing forward in the back seat in an upright position​ (60 degrees)

B. Facing backward in the back seat in a reclined position​ (45 degrees)

What is the best description of the goal of a trauma​ system? A. Providing all trauma patients with a complete battery of diagnostic tests and access to specialists B. Getting the right patient to the right facility in the right amount of time C. Providing the highest level of care possible within a​ 10-minute transport time frame for all patients D. Transporting as many patients as possible by air medical transportation

B. Getting the right patient to the right facility in the right amount of time

A patient with severe head and neck pain states that he was properly wearing his seat belt when another car struck him from behind. As a knowledgeable​ EMT, you would realize that the complaint​ of: A. Head pain suggests that he was not wearing the seat belt properly B. Head and neck pain could occur even when the seat belt is properly worn C. Head and neck pain indicates that the lap belt was worn without the shoulder harness D. Head and neck pain indicates that he was not wearing his seat belt

B. Head and neck pain could occur even when the seat belt is properly worn

Which injury is most​ serious, warranting immediate and rapid transport to the local trauma​ center? A. Open fracture to the left lower leg B. Instability and crepitus to the left lateral chest wall C. Deformity to the right ankle with pain rated as a​ 10/10 D. ​Large, deep laceration to the arm with bone visible

B. Instability and crepitus to the left lateral chest wall

What is the term for an evasive action on the part of a motorcycle rider that is designed to prevent ejection and separation of the driver from the bike in an impending​ collision? A. Ejection prevention B. Laying the bike down C. Positive evasion D. Side swiping

B. Laying the bike down

You arrive on the scene of a motorcycle accident and find an unresponsive male patient lying in the middle of the road with blood coming from his ears and nose. He was not wearing a helmet and has snoring respirations. Which sequence of events would be most appropriate in the care of this​ patient? A. Primary​ assessment, spine motion​ restriction, transfer to the ambulance after 8 minutes of scene​ time, all other care provided en route B. Primary​ assessment, airway and ventilatory​ management, oxygen​ administration, spine motion restriction​ precautions, transport within 10 minutes of arriving on scene C. Full spine motion restriction​ procedures, transfer to the​ ambulance, provide all assessment and care en route to the​ hospital, with total scene time of 7 minutes D. Primary​ assessment, oxygen​ administration, transfer to​ stretcher, transport within 5 minutes of arriving on scene with spine motion restriction precautions done en route

B. Primary​ assessment, airway and ventilatory​ management, oxygen​ administration, spine motion restriction​ precautions, transport within 10 minutes of arriving on scene

A patient has been critically hurt in a nighttime motor vehicle collision. She was wearing a seat belt and hit a tree at 70 mph. The car she was driving weighed 2 tons and was equipped with air bags that did deploy. Which factor had the greatest impact on the injuries she​ sustained? A. Deployment of air bags B. Speed of the vehicle at impact C. Weight of the vehicle D. Nighttime conditions

B. Speed of the vehicle at impact

Which of the following vital signs indicates the need for transport to a trauma​ center? A. Glasgow Coma Scale score of 14 or less B. Systolic blood pressure less than 90 C. Respiratory rate less than 12 D. Pulse rate greater than 90

B. Systolic blood pressure less than 90

You arrive on the scene of a motor vehicle collision with multiple patients. Which of the following indicates a need for transport to a trauma​ center? A. Bilateral wrist fractures B. Unstable pelvis C. Open femur fracture D. Systolic blood pressure of 98

B. Unstable pelvis

In a​ rear-end collision, a headrest that is in the fully down​ position: A. can decrease the severity of a whiplash injury. B. can increase the severity of a whiplash injury. C. does not affect the severity of a whiplash injury. D. protects the driver from a secondary collision.

B. can increase the severity of a whiplash injury.

As a​ high-speed projectile enters the​ body, it can create a pressure wave that extends damage beyond the bullet pathway. This is​ called: A. rotational impact. B. cavitation. C. fragmentation. D. expanding pathway.

B. cavitation.

In a​ foot-first fall, flexing of the knees can result​ in: A. fractures of the spine. B. preservation of the rest of the skeletal system. C. fractures of the hips. D. fractures of the pelvis.

B. preservation of the rest of the skeletal system

During an​ in-service program focusing on care of the trauma​ patient, the medical director asks if anyone can correctly describe the​ "platinum 10​ minutes." What statement by a participant is the best​ response? A. ​"EMS systems should be designed so that it takes an ambulance no longer than 10 minutes to respond to a trauma​ call." B. ​"EMS should initiate transport of the critically injured trauma patient to the hospital within 10 minutes of arriving on​ scene." C. ​"If the transport to a trauma center will exceed 10​ minutes, EMS should strongly consider the use of an aeromedical​ helicopter." D. ​"EMS should spend 10 minutes assessing the patient for​ life-threatening injuries prior to initiating transport to the emergency​ department."

B. ​"EMS should initiate transport of the critically injured trauma patient to the hospital within 10 minutes of arriving on​ scene."

A​ 23-year-old roofer has fallen 20 feet from the roof of a house into shrubs below. Aside from superficial abrasions and complaint of​ soreness, you detect no obvious injuries.​ Consequently, the patient states that as long as his legs are not​ broken, he does not see the need to go to the hospital. As a knowledgeable​ EMT, your best response would​ be: A. ​"Since you did not lose​ consciousness, I feel better about having you refuse. Just keep an eye on your feet and watch for​ swelling." B. ​"In a fall from this​ height, you may have hurt some internal organs. You really need to be​ examined." C. ​"Since this is a​ work-related injury, you should really be evaluated in the hospital.​ Worker's compensation may not cover you if you do​ not." D. ​"Although you feel okay​ now, you will most likely be sore later on. Why​ don't we go to the hospital and ask about some medications for​ pain?"

B. ​"In a fall from this​ height, you may have hurt some internal organs. You really need to be​ examined."

You are assessing a patient who was involved in a motorcycle accident. He states that he saw an oncoming car and​ "laid the bike​ down" to avoid an outright collision. He was wearing a helmet. Which injury pattern would make sense given the action of the​ motorcyclist? A. Angulation to both femurs with protrusion B. Bilateral broken forearms with upper extremity trauma C. Burn to the inside of the leg from the motorcycle exhaust pipe D. ​"Road rash" to the entire body surface

C. Burn to the inside of the leg from the motorcycle exhaust pipe

As blunt impact abruptly halts a portion of the body and inertia causes the remaining anatomy to continue its​ motion, one tissue or organ is pushed into another. What type of injury is​ this? A. Stretch injury B. Shearing injury C. Compression injury D. Rupture injury

C. Compression injury

A young female wears her lap belt too​ low, over her upper​ thighs, because the belt is uncomfortable when worn properly. If she is involved in a​ head-on "up and​ over" type of​ collision, to which injury is she most​ prone, given the position of her lap​ belt? A. Bilateral arm fractures B. ​Tibia-fibula fractures C. Dislocated hips D. Internal abdominal injury

C. Dislocated hips

You have arrived on the scene of an explosion in a warehouse used to store fertilizers. A​ paramedic, who has already triaged the nine patients​ involved, directs you to a young man sitting under a tree. The man states that he is having excruciating ear pain. The initial assessment and rapid trauma assessment reveal no obvious injuries. Given this​ presentation, the EMT would recognize the injury was likely​ sustained: A. From the noise of the explosion B. As a result of exposure to superheated air C. During the primary blast phase D. After the secondary blast phase

C. During the primary blast phase

In dealing with the victim of multisystem​ trauma, which item should receive your initial​ attention? A. Ensuring adequate oxygenation and ventilations B. Providing appropriate fluid resuscitation C. Establishing a patent airway D. Stopping any serious external hemorrhage

C. Establishing a patent airway

Which of these is a​ high-velocity wound that carries the greatest risk for death when considering the concept of​ cavitation? A. Gunshot wound to the stomach B. Stab wound to the liver C. Gunshot wound to the spleen D. Shotgun wound to the lung

C. Gunshot wound to the spleen

An​ 8-year-old boy fell forward off of a swing onto outstretched arms. He did not hit his head or lose consciousness and is complaining of left forearm pain. There is deformity to the left​ wrist, but no other injuries or life threats. His vital signs are pulse 132​ beats/min, respirations 20​ breaths/min, blood pressure​ 108/62 mmHg, and SpO2​ 100%. The proper care of this patient would be​ to: A. Immediately load and transport the​ patient, splinting the injury en route B. Call ALS so that the patient can be given intravenous pain medications before splinting the forearm C. Secure the forearm to a padded board splint and apply a cold pack to the injury site before transporting the patient nonemergently D. Apply supplemental oxygen and anatomically splint the forearm when the patient is placed on a long backboard

C. Secure the forearm to a padded board splint and apply a cold pack to the injury site before transporting the patient nonemergently

Assessment of a patient involved in a motor vehicle accident reveals him to have crepitus to the left​ humerus, instability to the left lateral chest wall and​ flank, and pain on palpation to left hip region. The patient also complains of pain to the right side of the neck. Based on this injury​ pattern, the EMT would recognize the patient​ was: A. An unrestrained rear seat occupant in a car struck from the right side B. The passenger in a car hit from behind C. The driver of a car hit on the​ driver's side D. An unrestrained driver involved in a​ head-on collision

C. The driver of a car hit on the​ driver's side

A​ car, driven by an unrestrained​ male, strikes a utility pole at 35 mph. Given this​ scenario, which would be​ true? A. The utility pole absorbed half of the kinetic​ energy, so that the body collision occurred at a speed of 17.5 mph B. The energy transferred to the body is increased by a factor of 2 C. The internal organs struck the inside of the body at a speed of 35 mph D. The patient struck the steering wheel at a combined speed of 70 mph

C. The internal organs struck the inside of the body at a speed of 35 mph

An unrestrained female driving a small car is involved in a​ rollover-type collision. Why is her risk for serious injury or death significantly​ increased? A. Rollovers are the result of high speeds B. The risk for ejection is​ lessened, increasing injuries suffered in the car C. There are more impacts in a rollover causing injury D. Smaller and lighter cars tend to roll multiple times

C. There are more impacts in a rollover causing injury

Injuries that are received during the secondary blast phase are caused​ by: A. personnel displacement. B. heat or burn injuries. C. blast projectiles. D. overpressure wave.

C. blast projectiles.

The​ "blown outward" appearance of a bullet exit wound is the result​ of: A. the bullet and hot gases. B. the bullet and displaced bone fragments. C. damage by the bullet and the cavitational wave. D. damage by the bullet forcing debris and bodily contents out of the wound.

C. damage by the bullet and the cavitational wave.

Two cars have collided​ head-on. One car was traveling at a speed of 55 mph and the other at 35 mph. The total speed of impact would​ be: A. 55 mph B. 20 mph C. 35 mph D. 90 mph

D. 90 mph

Which definition would accurately describe a Level III trauma​ center? A. A facility that has surgical care capability available at all times for incoming trauma patients and can handle all but the most seriously injured specialty and multisystem trauma patients B. Usually a university teaching center that is prepared and committed to handle all types of specialty trauma and can provide​ neurosurgery, microsurgery, pediatric​ care, and care for multisystem trauma C. A general hospital with some surgical capability and a commitment to special staff training and resource allocation for trauma patients D. A facility where seriously injured trauma patients may be taken for stabilization and care before​ transport, often by​ helicopter, to a more​ distant, higher-level trauma center

D. A facility where seriously injured trauma patients may be taken for stabilization and care before​ transport, often by​ helicopter, to a more​ distant, higher-level trauma center

A​ 27-year-old male was involved in an altercation and was struck in the ribs with a baseball bat. Assessment reveals intact skin with bruising to the right lateral chest. When palpating this​ area, pain,​ instability, and crepitus are all observed. The patient also complains of difficult and painful breathing. The EMT would​ recognize: A. Pulmonary injury caused by penetrating trauma B. Thoracic injury secondary to penetrating trauma C. Chest wall injury caused by acceleration forces D. Chest injury caused by blunt trauma

D. Chest injury caused by blunt trauma

You are responding to a call for a​ 4-year-old child hit by a car. When assessing this​ child, which injury patterns would you recognize as typical based on the​ child's age and mechanism of​ injury? A. Bilateral ankle​ deformity, contusions to the​ back, and face trauma B. Left arm and leg​ deformities, and head injury C. Head injury with deformities to both upper arms and neck trauma D. Deformed​ femurs, bruises to the chest and​ abdomen, and head injury

D. Deformed​ femurs, bruises to the chest and​ abdomen, and head injury

A teenage female patient was ejected from a car as it rolled down a hill after she ran off the road. She is​ responsive, but with signs of early shock and respiratory distress. She has bruising to her anterior abdomen and​ chest, a laceration to her left​ temple, and deformity to her left wrist. At which point should the wrist injury be​ splinted? A. Prior to full spinal motion restriction precautions being provided B. Just before leaving the scene C. Before transferring the patient to the stretcher D. En route to the hospital

D. En route to the hospital

What is the term for maintaining suspicion about the types of injuries a patient may have even though the patient presents as very​ stable? A. Sense of injury potential B. Interpretation of bodily forces C. Mild feeling of certainty D. High index of suspicion

D. High index of suspicion

A car has been hit​ head-on by another vehicle at a moderate rate of speed. Seat belts were in place and the air bags deployed. The patient complains of chest pain. Quick observation reveals a bruise to his sternum. The EMT should​ immediately: A. Check the windshield for starring B. Deflate the air bag to get breath sounds C. Suspect an injury related to the air bag D. Lift the air bag and check for steering wheel deformity

D. Lift the air bag and check for steering wheel deformity

Which of the statements concerning trauma is most​ accurate? A. A​ "spider web" or​ "star" pattern of cracks on the windshield means the patient impacted the windshield with his head B. The mechanism of injury is the best predictor of patient outcome C. Falls are the leading cause of trauma deaths D. Multisystem trauma has a higher mortality rate than​ single-system injuries

D. Multisystem trauma has a higher mortality rate than​ single-system injuries

An unrestrained driver of a car that has struck a tree at 45 mph has suffered a contusion to his heart. The EMT would recognize that this injury occurred during which impact of the​ collision? A. Body collision B. Vehicle collision C. Physiological collision D. Organ collision

D. Organ collision

A​ 49-year-old male has been stabbed in the lower right chest. Police tell you that the patient got into an argument with an unidentified​ man, who then stabbed him before fleeing the scene. After assessing the​ patient, you are suspicious that the knife punctured the lung and is causing internal bleeding. In this​ situation, the mechanism of injury would​ be: A. Penetrating trauma to the lungs B. Assailant with a knife C. Internal hemorrhage D. Stab wound to the right chest

D. Stab wound to the right chest

When teaching Emergency Medical Responders about air​ bags, which point would you​ emphasize? A. Air bags are effective in decreasing injury in a​ rollover-type collision B. Air bags prevent broken glass from striking the occupant C. Properly placed air bags eliminate the need for seat belts D. The benefit of air bags is lessened in a​ multiple-vehicle collision impact

D. The benefit of air bags is lessened in a​ multiple-vehicle collision impact

In a frontal​ collision, at what rate does the occupant continue​ forward? A. ​None, since the driver has already stopped B. A rate slower than that of the vehicle C. A rate faster than that of the vehicle D. The rate of the vehicle

D. The rate of the vehicle

What is the best description of the​ "platinum 10​ minutes" as it applies to care of the trauma​ patient? A. The time it should take the transporting ambulance to get the trauma patient to the closest medical facility B. The goal for total amount of time from the actual injury to arrival of EMS at the scene C. The target maximum time that the multisystem trauma patient should spend in the emergency department before being transferred to surgery D. The target maximum scene time for EMS as it applies to the seriously injured trauma patient

D. The target maximum scene time for EMS as it applies to the seriously injured trauma patient

Acceleration and deceleration are measures​ of: A. energy. B. mass. C. velocity. D. rate.

D. rate.

The​ "platinum 10​ minutes" refers to​ limiting: A. response time. B. assessment time. C. transport time. D. scene time.

D. scene time.

Vehicle collisions are a common mechanism of injury. It is important to​ remember: A. that​ high-speed collisions do not result in any more serious injuries than​ medium- or​ low-speed collisions. B. that mass is a key factor in mechanism of injury. C. that the death of an occupant of a vehicle usually means that the occupant absorbed most of the energy and other occupants will be less seriously injured. D. to maintain a high index of suspicion if any passenger appears confused.

D. to maintain a high index of suspicion if any passenger appears confused.

The EMT understands the importance of evaluating the mechanism of injury when he​ states: A. ​"Evaluating the mechanism of injury is important because it determines whether emergency transport to the hospital is​ needed." B. ​"The mechanism of injury is useful in determining the exact injuries the patient has​ sustained." C. ​"The mechanism of injury is a useful tool in determining whether the​ patient's outcome will be good or​ bad." D. ​"The mechanism of injury can be used to guide the​ EMT's injury assessment and treatment of the​ patient."

D. ​"The mechanism of injury can be used to guide the​ EMT's injury assessment and treatment of the​ patient."

Head injuries and chest injuries such as flail​ chest, blunt cardiac​ injury, and aortic tears commonly result from which pathway in an automobile​ collision? A. Restrained pathway B. Ejection pathway C. ​Down-and-under pathway D. ​Up-and-over pathway

D. ​Up-and-over pathway