chapter 27 uprep (disorders of cardiac function, and heart failure... etc.)

Which disease is caused by calcified scar tissue that develops between the visceral and parietal layers of the serous pericardium?

constrictive pericarditis

A client with a history of acute coronary syndrome asks why she needs to take aspirin 81 mg every day. The most appropriate response by the nurse would be:

"Aspirin will help prevent blood clotting."

A client in the nursing home wonders why he is having these signs and symptoms of left-sided heart failure. Which explanation will the nurse give the client?

"The left ventricle is having problems pumping blood forward, and this is causing blood to back up into your lungs."

The nurse is monitoring hourly urine output of a client diagnosed with hypovolemic shock. The nurse is most concerned if the client's output is:

20 mL/hour

A child's history of a recurrent sore throat followed by severe knee and ankle pain has resulted in a diagnostic workup and a diagnosis of rheumatic fever. What are the treatment priorities for this child?

Antibiotics and anti-inflammatory drugs

The nurse is preparing to auscultate for a mitral valve stenosis murmur. Where is the best location to place the stethoscope?

At the apex of the heart

Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) is a treatment modality for which disorder of cardiac function?

Atherosclerosis and unstable angina

The nurse is caring for a client who has just experienced an acute myocardial infarction. Which type of shock is this client likely to experience?

Cardiogenic

A client who experienced an ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) received fibrinolytic therapy with streptokinase. Which manifestation alerts the nurse to a developing complication?

Decreased level of consciousness

A person newly diagnosed with Kawasaki disease in the acute phase will likely exhibit which clinical manifestations? Select all that apply.

Edematous hands and feet Bilateral conjunctivitis Fever

A nurse is assessing a client diagnosed with severe mitral valve stenosis. The nurse anticipates which classic assessment finding?

Orthopnea

A 66-year-old client's echocardiogram report reveals a hypertrophied left ventricle. The health care provider suspects the client has aortic stenosis. Which clinical manifestations would be observed if this client has aortic stenosis? Select all that apply.

Syncope Exertional dyspnea Decrease in exercise tolerance

A client comes to the emergency room with all the symptoms of a myocardial infarction. Which lab value, known to have a high specificity for myocardial tissue considered the primary biomarker test for diagnosing an MI, does the nurse suspect the physician will order?

Troponin assays

Which client is at the greatest risk of developing rheumatic heart disease?

Teenager with untreated strep throat

The health care provider is reviewing lab results of a client diagnosed with heart failure. The provider notes that the client's ANP and BNP levels have been increasing and remain significantly elevated. These results would be interpreted as:

The condition is getting progressively worse.

Which serum biomarker is highly specific for myocardial tissue?

Troponin

A 45-year-old client is undergoing exercise stress testing. At which point will the test be halted and not allowed to continue?

When the client experiences chest pain

A 20-year-old male client is experiencing a severe immunologically mediated reaction in which histamines have been released into the blood. Which type of reaction is most likely occurring with this client?

anaphylactic shock

Nearly everyone with pericarditis has chest pain. With acute pericarditis, the pain is abrupt in onset, sharp, and radiates to the neck, back, abdomen, or sides. What can be done to ease the pain of acute pericarditis?

ave the client sit up and lean forward.

The health care team is developing a plan of care for a client diagnosed with congestive heart failure (CHF). The primary treatment goal would be:

improving quality of life by relieving symptoms

A preventive measure to decrease the risk of developing rheumatic heart disease includes:

prompt diagnosis of streptococcal infections with a throat culture

A client who is experiencing angina at rest that has been increasing in intensity should be instructed to:

see the doctor for evaluation immediately

A 20-year-old college student being treated for a kidney infection developed a temperature of 104ºF (40°C) in spite of treatment with antibiotics. Her pulse was high, her blood pressure was low, and her skin was hot, dry, and flushed. The nurse knows that this client most likely is experiencing which type of shock?

septic