Chapter 27&28
In waging war against Japan, the United States relied mainly on a strategy of?
"island hopping" from the South Pacific to within striking distance of Japan.
The Fascist dictator of Italy was -
Benito Mussolini
The Truman Doctrine was developed as a response to problems in -
Greece
In 1947, President Truman told Congress that the United States could not realize its postwar objectives unless we were willing to help free peoples to maintain their free institutions and their national integrity against aggressive movements that seek to impose upon them totalitarian regimes. This policy was first implemented in?:
Greece and Turkey.
The leading figure of the Red Scare of the early 1950s was -
Joseph McCarthy
All of these statements about the 1948 presidential campaign are true EXCEPT?
Truman was a heavy favorite to defeat his Republican rival, Governor Thomas Dewey of New York.
The essential element of the policy of containment was?
Truman was a heavy favorite to defeat his Republican rival, Governor Thomas Dewey of New York.
When the Soviet Union shot down a United States spy plane in 1960, the event became known as the __________ crisis.
U-2
Which of the following phrases accurately describes Roosevelt's good-neighbor policy?
U.S. pledge not to intervene in Latin America
At the beginning of the Cold War, U. S. policy toward the Soviet Union tended to follow the ideas of George F. Kennan, that is?
a policy of containment of Soviet expansionist tendencies.
The passage of the National Security Act in 1947 -
acted to coordinate and unify America's military establishment
Truman's response to the Berlin Blockade was to?
airlift all necessary supplies into Berlin for almost a year.
Which of the following was agreed to at the Yalta Conference (1945)?
an agreement to divide Germany into four military zones.
What happened to the New Deal during World War II?
an anti-New Deal coalition moved to end many New Deal programs, and the president adapted to the new political environment.
At the Casablanca Conference in January 1943, the Allies agreed to?
an invasion of Italy in the spring, invasion of France in 1944, and the concept of "unconditional surrender."
American policy toward Japan after World War II -
brought the transition of the Japanese government into a constitutional democracy
The removal of General Douglas MacArthur from command of the United States-United Nations forces during the Korean War exemplifies the constitutional principle of?
civilian control of the military.
In World War II the Allied strategy, agreed upon by the U. S. and Great Britain, was to?
concentrate on defeating Germany first before turning on Japan.
During the struggle in China between nationalists and communists after World War II, the United States?
continued to support Chiang Kai-shek with money and weapons even when it became clear his cause was lost.
Harry Truman aided the cause of civil rights by?
desegregating the armed forces.
At the end of both World War I and World War II, the United States?
entered a period of extreme anti-communism that led to the persecution of many suspected radicals.
During the Second World War, African Americans?
fought in a segregated military.
Which is an accurate characterization of how U.S. foreign policy changed from 1938 to early 1941?
from neutrality to support for Britain
Overall, the Marshall Plan -
generated a broad industrial recovery in Western Europe
President Truman used the atom bomb against Japan for all of the following reasons EXCEPT?
he believed the bomb was an appropriate response to Pearl Harbor.
Which of the following was the MAJOR reason President Truman used to justify his decision to drop the atomic bomb on Hiroshima in August 1945?
he felt it would shorten the war and eliminate the need for an invasion of Japan.
Franklin D. Roosevelt departed from Woodrow Wilson's wartime practices when he?
included members of both political parties in the delegation to the San Francisco Conference.
World War II brought about all of the following changes EXCEPT?
increasing the gap between the wealthiest and the poorest Americans.
The main economic problem faced by President Truman in his first term was?
inflation.
Under President Truman, the Department of Justice?
intervened in Supreme Court cases on behalf of organizations seeking to end segregation.
The "G. I. Bill of Rights" refers to?
legislation passed by Congress pertaining to education, unemployment compensation, loans for home building, and provisions for medical care of veterans.
To ensure that Russia would join the war against Japan, President Roosevelt in 1945?
made certain secret agreements concerning Russian territorial demands.
The Marshall Plan could be be understood as part of an American desire to?
make communism less appealing to Europeans creating economic prosperity.
Most of Truman's Fair Deal program?
met defeat at the hands of a coalition of Republicans and Southern Democrats.
The signatories of the Five Power Treaty at the Washington Conference of 1921 agreed to limit -
navies
The principal reason for the defeat of most Fair Deal programs was -
opposition by Republicans in Congress
President Truman contributed to the anti-Communist fear after the Second World War by?
ordering investigations into the loyalty of federal employees.
When the Soviet Union sealed off the city of Berlin in 1948, President Harry Truman -
organized a massive airlift to resupply the city
Which does NOT describe the internment of Japanese-Americans during World War II?
outside California, there was strong public opposition to the internment policy.
The Taft-Harley Act of 1947 provided for all of the following EXCEPT?
permitting union contributions to political campaigns.
During World War II, women did all of the following EXCEPT?
reaffirm traditional patterns for women's lives.
Attitudes in the United States toward Jews fleeing persecution in Europe during World War II were reflected in the?
refusal to relax immigration restrictions for Jews.
The North Atlantic Treaty Organization -
represented a departure from traditional American isolationism
Issued by President Roosevelt in 1941, Executive Order No. 8802?
required defense industries to make jobs available without discrimination based on race, creed, color, or national origin.
The House Un-American Activities Committee was?
responsible for a series of highly publicized hearings designed to expose communist influence in American life.
The Battles of the Coral Sea and Midway were significant in?
stemming the tide of Japanese advances in the Pacific.
The Yalta Conference produced agreements on all of the following topics EXCEPT?:
the Allied invasion of Normandy.
The United Nations was able to provide military assistance to South Korea in 1950 because?
the USSR boycotted the session of the Security Council at which the decision was made.
Which of the following made the Soviet Union suspicious of the motives of the United States and Great Britain during World War II?
the delay in opening the second front in Europe.
The legal basis for Truman's order for American air and naval forces to support South Korea was?
the federal Constitution.
The Dumbarton Oaks Conference involved primarily?
the formation of the United Nations.
The Marshall Plan proposed -
the infusion of massive amounts of American capital in Western Europe
One of the most important domestic results of the war effort was?
the swift ending of the Great Depression.
The main Soviet response to containment was demonstrated by -
their blockage of Berlin
Which of the following is NOT correctly paired with an event in international politics?
troops sent to Korea - Churchill's Iron Curtain speech
The United States during World War II adopted all of the following strategies EXCEPT?
use of atomic bombs on Germany and Japan.
While there was a large gap between what Harry Truman said about civil rights and what he was able to do, his greatest accomplishment was in?
using the prestige and visibility of his office to educate the public and set a moral agenda for future civil rights progress.
The increase in the number of Mexican Americans employed in the United States during the early 1940s resulted from?
wartime labor shortages.
The development of the atomic bomb that was dropped on Hiroshima?
was the responsibility of the Manhattan Project team of scientists and engineers at Los Alamos, NM.
The Truman administration's decision to oppose the invasion of South Korea by North Korea in June, 1950 was made?
without congressional approval.