Chapter 3

Vertical Balance

A kind of balance between in which the elements in the top and bottom of the composition are in balance.

Radial Balance

A kind of balance in which the design elects radiate from a center point

Horizontal Balance

A kind of balance in which the elements in the left and right sides of the composition seem to be about equal in number or visual emphasis.

Root five rectangle

A rectangle whose length is 2,236 times its width. It can be constructed by rotating the diagonal of half square left and right.

Canon of Proportions

A set of rules governing the proportions of the human body as they are able to be rendered by artists

Focal Point

A specific part of work of art that seizes and holds the viewer's interest.

Unlike two-dimensional compositions, three-dimensional objects such as sculptures often have __________.

Actual balacne

Golden Section

Developed in ancient greece, a mathamatical formula determining the relationship of the parts of a work to the whole

Actual Balance

Equality in amount of weight

Distortion of Scale

The manipulate of the scale of an object either by enlarging or miniaturizing

Unity

The oneness or wholeness of a work of art

Rhythm

The orderly repetition or progression of the visual elements in a work of art.

Golden Mean

The principal that a small part of a work should relate to a larger part of the work as the larger part relate to the whole

In Los Jovenes _____________ is achieved by the color scheme. Also in the repetition of the eight figures that are lined up from one side of the photograph to the other and their continuity that is reflected in their youthful ages, ethnicity, and a suggested bond of friendship.

Visual unity

The overall composition of the work Saturday Night is unified by red color scheme, but there is still plenty of __________ in this composition in the captivating array of characters and movements.

Visual unity

Variety

Variatiions on a theme or strong contrasts in a design, diversity

Extreme unity

A composition in which all elements are unified

In art, __________ refers to the distribution of the actual or apparent weight of the compositional elements.

Balance

Imbalance

Characteristic of works of art in which the areas of the composition are unequal in actual weight or pictorial weight.

. _______________ is the organization of the visual elements in a work of art.

Composition

In this work the artist uses _________________, which focuses on the relationships between the meaning and functions of the images. The work shows two images of the "ideal" human form according to Western art flanking the seminude figure of an African woman. The concept behind the images is a challenge to the viewer to address the standard and canon of the "ideal" human form.

Conceptual unity

Pictorial Balance

The distribution of the apparent or visual weight of the elements in two-dimensional works of art. Contrast with actual balance.

By allowing the composition to be weighted on the left, the drama of the movement is intensified. As the soldier stumbles from the impact of the bullet physically losing his balance, the long black shadow on the ground seems to pull him down. The photographer has used visual __________ in the composition to play upon the viewer's discomfort and increase the emotional impact of the image.

Imbalance

Bilateral Symmetry

Mirror-type similarity between the sides of a composition

__________ is often a major design element in art forms such as ceramics, basketry, jewelry, and stained glass.

Radial balance

Balance

The distribution of the weights, masses, or other elements of a work of art two achieve harmony

Golden Rectangle

S rectangle based on the golden mean and constructed so that its width is 1,618 its height

Symmetry

Similarty of form or arrangement on both sides of a dividing line.

The _______________ in Welcome the World Famous Brand by The Lou Brothers is not a mirror image on both sides, but is more subtle with slight variations that provide more visual interest on both halves.

Symmetrical balance

Visual Unity

The Unity in a work of art as created by the use of visual elements.

Regular repetition

The creation of rhythm by the systematic repetition od the visual elements in a work.

Emphasis

The design principal that focuses the viewer's attention on one or more parts of the composition by accentuation certain shapes, intensifying value of color, featuring directional lines, or strategically placing the objects and images.

Proportion

The relationship of the size of the parts to the whole

Scale

The relative size of an object as compared to other objects, the setting, or people

Symmetrical balance

The type of balance in which imagery on one side of a composition is mirrored on the other side.

Asymmetrical balance

The type of balance that is said to exist when the right and left sides of a composition bear visible different shapes, colors, textures, or other elements, yet they are arranged or "weighted" in such a way that the impression, in total, is one of balance. Contrast with symmetrical balance.

Hierarchical Scaling

The use of relative size to indicate the relative importance of the objects or people being depicted .

What is the focal point in Woman Leaning Near a Vase of Flowers and why.

The woman because a viewer's gaze is always drawn toward the sight of a human face

Conceptual unity

Unity in a work that is achieved by means of the relationships between the meaning and functions of the images

The painting Lady Liberty Leading the People by Delacroix has as its emphasis Lady Liberty. Which of the following techniques are used to create this emphasis?

all of the above

In Wu Jide's River Dwellers patches of white and well-placed touches of color are responsible for the overall visual balance. If the figure if divided by a vertical axis the sides have visual differences in shapes but they have equivalent visual weight. This means the work has _________________.

asymmetrical balance

If a vertical axis were drawn through the center of the work, the two halves of the central figures and the geometric motifs and animal motifs extending to the sides would be exact mirror images balancing each other. This work has ____________________.

bilateral symmetry

King Narmer is shown in commanding position, larger than the surrounding figures, this use of relative size to indicate the importance of the figure of King Narmer is know as _____________.

hierarchical standing

The repetition of curvilinear lines and shapes create _______________ in the painting Palisades, which unifies and directs the viewer eye through the work of art.

rhythm