Chapter 3

Ideas of race and racism in seventeenth-century England:

Had not fully developed as modern concepts.

What inspired the 1715 uprising by the Yamasee and Creek peoples against English colonists in Carolina?

High debts incurred by the Yamasee and Creek in trade with the English settlers

What was one of Pennsylvania's only restrictions on religious liberty?

Holding office required an oath affirming a belief in Jesus Christ, which eliminated Jews from serving.

Slave labor in the Chesapeake region increasingly supplanted indentured servitude during the last two decades of the seventeenth century, in part because:

Improving conditions in England reduced the number of transatlantic migrants.

When the Virginia House of Burgesses decreed that religious conversion did not release a slave from bondage:

It meant that, under Virginia law, Christians could own other Christians.

In its early years, Carolina was the "colony of a colony" because its original settlers included many:

Landless sons of wealthy planters in Barbados.

What was the impact of King Philip's War (1675-1676)?

Native Americans destroyed twelve Massachusetts towns, which helped establish them in the minds of New Englanders as bloodthirsty savages.

Before founding Pennsylvania, William Penn assisted a group of English Quakers to set up a colony in what became:

New Jersey.

The economy of the Carolina colony:

Originally centered on cattle-raising and trade.

Pennsylvania's treatment of Native Americans was unique in what way?

Pennsylvania purchased Indian land that was then resold to colonists and offered refuge to tribes driven out of other colonies.

What historical evidence demonstrates that blacks were being held as slaves for life by the 1640s?

Property registers list white servants with the number of years they were to work, but blacks (with higher valuations) had no terms of service associated with their names.

The Fundamental Constitutions of Carolina:

Proposed a feudal society in the New World, complete with hereditary nobility.

William Penn was a member of which religious group?

Quakers

The Charter of Liberties and Privileges in New York:

Reflected in part an effort by the British to exert their influence and control over the Dutch.

What was William Penn's most fundamental principle?

Religious freedom

Carolina grew slowly until:

Rice as a staple crop was discovered to be extremely profitable.

Which of the following is true of slave resistance in the colonial period?

Some slaves were the offspring of white traders and therefore knew enough English to turn to the legal system, at least until Virginia lawmakers prevented them from doing so.

Of colonists in British North America, which group was the wealthiest?

South Carolina rice planters

What commodity drove the African slave trade in Brazil and the West Indies during the seventeenth century?

Sugar

What form of behavior did William Penn ban in his Pennsylvania colony?

Swearing

When England took over the Dutch colony that became New York:

The English ended the Dutch tradition of allowing married women to conduct business in their own names.

Which one of the following is true of slavery?

The English word "slavery" derives from "Slav," reflecting the slave trade in Slavic peoples until the fifteenth century.

According to the economic theory known as mercantilism:

The government should regulate economic activity so as to promote national power.

Slavery developed more slowly in North America than in the English West Indies because:

The high death rate among tobacco workers made it economically unappealing to pay more for a slave likely to die within a short time.

William Penn obtained the land for his Pennsylvania colony because:

The king wanted to cancel his debt to the Penn family and bolster the English presence in North America.

Which of the following was true of small farmers in 1670s Virginia?

The lack of good land, high taxes on tobacco, and falling prices reduced their prospects.

Bacon's Rebellion contributed to which of the following in Virginia?

The replacing of indentured servants with African slaves on Virginia's plantations

What sparked a new period of colonial expansion for England in the midseventeenth century?

The restoration of the monarchy in 1660

What ironic consequence did William Penn's generous policies, such as religious toleration and inexpensive land, have?

They contributed to the increasing reliance of Virginia and Maryland on African slave labor.

Governor William Berkeley's regime:

Was a corrupt alliance of the Virginia colony's wealthiest tobacco planters.

Unlike slavery in America, slavery in Africa:

Was more likely to be based in the household than on an agricultural plantation.

"Enumerated" goods:

Were colonial products, such as tobacco and sugar, that could only be sold initially in English ports.

Bacon's Rebellion was a response to:

Worsening economic conditions in Virginia.

Which one of the following is true of the English West Indies in the seventeenth century?

By the end of the century, the African population far outnumbered the European population on most islands.

The Virginia slave code of 1705:

Embedded the principle of white supremacy in law.

According to laws in the seventeenth-century Chesapeake:

Free blacks had the right to sue and testify in court.

Spain's Las Siete Partidas, a series of laws touching on slavery:

Gave slaves some opportunities to claim rights under the law in Spain's American empire.

Which of the following was not a factor that made African slavery appealing to English planters in the New World?

A long English legal tradition of discriminating against dark-skinned peoples eased the legalization of slavery.

Who in the Pennsylvania colony was eligible to vote?

A majority of the male population

To Quakers, liberty was:

A universal entitlement.

Nathaniel Bacon:

Actually was socially closer to the elite than to the indentured servants who supported him.

How did English rule affect the Iroquois Confederacy?

After a series of complex negotiations, both groups aided each other's imperial ambitions.

The first English Navigation Act, adopted during the rule of Oliver Cromwell:

Aimed to wrest control of world trade from the Dutch.

What was the Covenant Chain?

An alliance made by the governor of New York and the Iroquois Confederacy

Which man was once a slave, only to be freed and own slaves himself?

Anthony Johnson