Chapter 3

Hypotheses can be categorized in four broad ways: a. Active vs. causal, simple vs. moderate, nondirectional vs. nondirectional, and null vs. research b. Associative vs. causal, simple vs. complex, directional vs. directional, and null vs. research c. Associative vs. grand theory, simple vs. complex, complex vs. nondirectional, and null vs. research d. Associative vs. causal, simple vs. complex, nondirectional vs. nondirectional, and null vs. research

Associative vs. causal, simple vs. complex, nondirectional vs. nondirectional, and null vs. research

There are no differences between research questions and EBP questions. True False

False

A nurse understands which of the following demonstrate the importance of gaining an understanding of previous research on a specific topic? (Select all that apply.) a. Identifying existing research helps nurses understand current knowledge about the topic. b. Reading existing research helps to identify gaps about what is known. c. Identifying existing problems within research helps the nurse to avoid some research studies. d. Reading existing research helps the nurse to understand how to best use research data

A, B

The Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) has what purpose(s)? (Select all that apply.) a. Improve delivery and coordination of primary care. b. Focus on ensuring high-quality, safe, and effective care. c. Ensure efficient clinical prevention and chronic disease care. d. Improve healthcare educational requirements

A, B, C

Which ethical issues are associated with the development of research questions? (Select all that apply.) a. Limited resources b. Respecting human rights c. Interests of the researcher d. Patient preferences

A, B, C, D

Which of the following can be used to identify researchable problems? (Select all that apply.) a. Current nursing theories b. Personal clinical expertise c. Philosophical questions d. National initiatives

A, B, D

The nurse is aware that using research to fill a gap in knowledge that requires a solution can have what affect on patient care? a. Improve clinical outcomes and decrease disease incidence. b. Improve clinical outcomes and promote health across the lifespan. c. Decrease hospital length of stay and decrease disease incidence. d. Promote health across the lifespan and increase hospital length of stay

Improve clinical outcomes and promote health across the lifespan.

A nurse researcher understands that a mediator is an intervening variable with what specific purpose? a. Mediators account for how or why two studies are strongly associated. b. Mediators account for how or why two theories are strongly associated. c. Mediators account for how or why two variables are strongly associated. d. Mediators account for how or why two hypothesis are strongly associated

Mediators account for how or why two variables are strongly associated

The nurse researcher is aware that PICOT is a research strategy mnemonic for which of the following components? a. Patient disease or illness, Intervention, Comparison of interest, Outcome of interest, Total patients involved b. Patient population or patient condition of interest, Intervention, Comparison of intervention, Overarching alignment with practice, Time c. Patient population or patient condition of interest, Intervention, Comparison of interest, Outcome of interest, Time d. Patient population or patient condition of interest, Intervention, Comparison of intervention, Outcome of interest, Total patients involved

Patient population or patient condition of interest, Intervention, Comparison of interest, Outcome of interest, Time

Healthy People 2020 has what purpose in healthcare delivery in the U.S.? a. Prioritizes ways to improve health and the health care of the nation from now until the year 2020. b. Prioritizes ways to incorporate evidence-based practice and nursing research into all aspects of healthcare delivery. c. Provides two thousand and twenty recommendations to improve health care in the nation. d. Prioritizes ways to improve health and the health care of the nation for the next 40 years

Prioritizes ways to improve health and the health care of the nation from now until the year 2020.

In an article, a nurse reads the following statement: This study aims to examine the effect of guided imagery on postoperative pain in adults. This statement is an example of: a. problem statement b. research question c. purpose statement d. hypothesis

Purpose statement

When the nurse is narrowing a research focus and determining a research topic it is important to consider which of the following? a. The guiding research theory ensuring the theory is well aligned with the research focus and topic b. The historical significance of the research ensuring that it will have an impact on all aspects of care c. The clinical significance of the research ensuring it adds to the body of nursing knowledge d. The importance of the research on potential future research and how current research will be affected by future research

The clinical significance of the research ensuring it adds to the body of nursing knowledge

The PICOT model is useful when considering EBP questions. True False

True

The standard of care or alternative interventions can be used as comparisons of interest in the PICOT model. True False

True

The study hypothesis is best defined as: formal statements regarding the expected or predicted relationship between two or more variables in a specific population. True False

True

A middle range nursing theory is best defined as: a. having a narrow scope providing a bridge from grand theory to a testable theory. b. having a broad scope providing a bridge from grand theory to a testable theory. c. easily testable with a high number of variables that predict outcomes. d. having a narrow scope providing a bridge from practice theories to application theories

having a narrow scope providing a bridge from grand theory to a testable theory.