chapter 3 part 2 history
What technology was developed during the Han Dynasty's golden age?
A CIVIL SERVICE SYSTEM, ADVANCES IN ASTRONOMY, DIAGNOSIS OF DISEASE, HERBAL MEDICINES, PAPERMAKING, THE INVENTION OF WHEELBARROWS, FISHING REELS, AND THE SHIP'S RUDDER.
What characteristics did the Shang and Zhou governments and social structures have in common?
Both governments had a feudal system: kings had great wealth while nobles governed most of the land and provided armies. Both dynasties had social structures made up of rulers and noble warriors, artisans, merchants, and peasants
What factors helped Buddhism spread through China?
Buddhist missionaries and traders from India had spread Mahayana Buddhism to China. Buddhism was popular in times of crisis, as it promised escape from suffering. The Buddha was seen as a compassionate god. Through prayer, good works, and devotion (a trait supported by Confucius), anyone could hope to gain salvation.
How is Daoism different from Confucianism?
Daoism focused on living in harmony with nature- it was not interested in bringing order to human affairs. A good government is one that governed/acted the least, according to daoist beliefs.
Why was a well-ordered civil service of benefit to the Han government?
It created a network of Confucian scholar-officials who had won their government positions through merit rather than family ties. This would suggest they were the most qualified to be an official. Also, it created a strong system of Confucian values within Chinese government that lasted for centuries.
How did China's geography both help and hinder China's development as a country?
Geographic barriers(mountains and deserts) kept China isolated, allowing it to develop without interference from foreign invasion. At the same time, fertile river valleys allowed farmers to grow enough food to feed growing populations, increase trade, and expand their economy. Access to the pacific allowed for trade and food. Geographic barriers also kept the Chinese in one place, not allowing them to expand into a large empire.
How did Shi Huangdi impose allegiance to a central government?
He abolished feudalism and replaced feudal states with military districts run by loyal government officials. He gave the nobles' lands to peasants and forced noble families to move to the capital so he could monitor him.
Describe the things Emperor Wudi did for China.
He set up a university to teach confucian scholars, he built canals and roads- including the silk road. He expanded the borders of china.
What did Confucius teach his followers?
How to live a good and honorable life, through duties and responsibilities based on relationships- understanding how to act in their roles. Loyalty and respect for parents as well as honesty, hard work, and concern for others.
Describe the building of the Great Wall. Was it successful in protecting China?
Hundreds of thousands of laborers worked for years on a 25ft tall wall with a brick road built on top. It was not successful in protecting China from invasion.
Why was the Silk Road important for economics and culture?
THE SILK ROAD BROUGHT TRADE GOODS LIKE GRAPES, FIGS, CUCUMBERS, AND WALNUTS TO CHINA FROM WESTERN ASIA AND SENT SILK WEST TO THE REST OF ASIA AND EUROPE. DAOISM WOULD TRAVEL WEST, WHILE BUDDHISM WOULD TRAVEL EAST. THE SILK ROAD CONNECTED CHINA TO ITEMS AND IDEAS FROM ELSEWHERE, AND MADE SILK A SOURCE OF RICHES FOR CHINA.
How did ancient Chinese religious practices work?
The worship of shang di, the supreme being, would happen through the veneration of famous ancestors (of the kings and nobles) and later honoring of all family ancestors.
How did the Zhou dynasty justify their overthrow of the Shang dynasty?
Zhou claimed the mandate of heaven, which was the idea that the gods/ heaven would withdraw its support from a corrupt or ineffective government -allowing a new dynasty to take over.
What were the technological developments of the early Chinese?
a complex system of writing, the first books, silk-making, accurate calendar, technology of bronze making
