Chapter 3 Pre-Test

Muscle cells need abundant ATP for muscle contractions. Which organelle must commonly be found in muscle cells to accommodate ATP production? A) Golgi apparatus B) Mitochondrion C) Rough endoplasmic reticulum D) Lysosome

Mitochondrion

Golgi Apparatus

packages substances for release from cell

What separates the intracellular fluid from the extracellular fluid? A) Nucleus B) Cytoskeleton C) Plasma membrane D) Mitochondrion

plasma membrane

Smooth ER

synthesizes cholesterol and fat

The membrane connections that prevent the leaking of fluid between cells are called ________. A) gap junctions B) tight junctions C) desmosomes D) microvilli

tight junctions

Passive processes that move substances across membranes ________. A) utilize ATP B) employ protein pumps C) transport substances against their concentration gradients D) do not require ATP E) include exocytosis and endocytosis

do not require ATP

A solution that contains fewer solutes than the cell is ________ to the cell. A) hypotonic B) hypertonic C) intravenous D) isotonic E) Ringer's lactate

hypotonic

What are the three basic parts or regions of a cell? A) Cytosol, cytoplasm, and intracellular fluid B) Nucleus, cytoplasm, and plasma membrane C) Nuclear envelope, DNA, and nuclear pores D) Nucleus, intracellular fluid, organelles E) Cytoplasm, plasma membrane, extracellular fluid

nucleus, cytoplasm, and plasma membrane

What is required for filtration to occur? A) ATPB) Solute pumps C) Pressure gradient D) Protein carriers

pressure gradient

Cilia

cellular extensions that move substances along the cell surface

Nutrients and ions can pass directly from cell to cell through special membrane junctions known as ________. A) desmosomes B) gap (communicating) junctions C) inclusions D) microvilli E) tight junctions

gaps (communicating) junctions

Where are proteins sent to be modified and packaged before being exported from the cell? A) Mitochondrion B) Golgi apparatus C) Cytoskeleton D) Peroxisome E) Smooth endoplasmic reticulum

golgi apparatus

The specialized cellular compartments within the cytosol of the cell are collectively called ________. A) organelles B) cilia C) flagella D) microvilli

organelles

The passive process that involves the movement of water through aquaporins is ________. A) facilitated diffusion B) endocytosis C) solute pumping D) osmosis

osmosis

true or false: Chromatin and chromosomes are both composed of DNA.

true

true or false: The plasma membrane is a selectively permeable barrier.

true

Mitochondria

site of ATP synthesis

Ribosomes

site of protein synthesis

A cell is isotonic to the surrounding 4% dextrose solution. If the cell is moved to a 6% dextrose solution, predict how the cell responds. A) The cell will shrink. B) The cell will not change in size or shape. C) The cell will bloat. D) The cell will rupture. E) The cell will lyse.

the cell will shrink

Which of the following statements is not part of the cell theory? A) The activities of cells are determined by their structure, which determines function. B) The human body is composed of 50 to 100 trillion cells. C) Cells are the basic structural and functional unit of living organisms. D) The activity of an organism depends on its collective cellular activities. E) The continuity of life has a cellular basis.

the human body is composed of 50 to 100 trillion cells

Which type of cell junction anchors cells together, so as to prevent the cells of cardiac muscle tissue from pulling apart due to mechanical stress as the heart beats? A) Tight junctions B) Gap junctions C) Desmosomes D) Cytoplasm

Desmosomes

What are two types of endocytosis? A) Cellular secretions and solute pumping B) Solute pumping and active transport C) Active transport and phagocytosis D) Phagocytosis and pinocytosis E) Pinocytosis and passive transport

Phagocyctosis and pinocytosis

What is required for simple diffusion to occur? A) Protein carrier or channel B) Concentration gradient C) ATPD) Solute pump E) Ribosomes

concentration gradient

The three major components of the cytoplasm are the ________. A) cytosol, organelles, and inclusions B) cytosol, inclusions, and nucleoli C) cytosol, organelles, and nucleoli D) organelles, inclusions, and nucleol E) organelles, inclusions, and ribosome

cytosol, organelles, and inclusions

If someone sitting at the other end of a bar is smoking, you may still breathe in some of the smoke. What process involves the movement of the smoke away from its source? A) Diffusion B) Osmosis C) Facilitated diffusion D) Endocytosis E) Filtration

diffusion

true or false: Phospholipid tails are hydrophilic and are attracted to water.

false

true or false: Ribosomes are found attached to smooth endoplasmic reticulum or freely in the cytoplasm.

false

Looking into a microscope, you notice cells swimming, propelled by a long tail. What cell structure must these cells have in order to be mobile? A) Microvilli B) Cilia C) Flagella D) Peroxisomes E) Cytoplasm

flagella

The organelle that contains enzymes produced by ribosomes and packaged by the Golgi apparatus is the ________. A) Golgi apparatus B) lysosome C) peroxisome D) ribosome E) rough endoplasmic reticulum

lysosome

The small intestine has tiny, finger-like projections of the plasma membrane that help increase the surface area and aid in absorption of nutrients known as ________. A) vesicles B) cilia C) centrioles D) microvilli E) flagella

microvilli