Chapter 3 Sociology
tangible human creations are called
artifacts
specific statements that people hold to be true refer to
beliefs
cultural patterns that strongly oppose those widely accepted within a society
counterculture
a type of conflict that occurs when different cultural values and beliefs clash. It has been used to explain violence and crime.
cultural conflict
the close relationships among various elements of a cultural system
cultural integration
the process by which one generation passes culture to the next
cultural transmission
the ways of thinking, the ways of ating, and the material objects that together form a people's way of life
culture
_____ _____ the beliefs, values, behavior and material objects that constitute a peoples way of life
culture is
the personal disorientation that accompanies exposure to an unfamiliar way of life is termed
culture shock
the practice of judging another culture by the standards of one's own culture
ethnocentrism
mores are norms which have little moral significance within a culture
false
the term society refers to a shared way of life
false
values are defined as rules and expectations by which society guides the behavior of its members
false
norms for routine or casual interaction
folkways
The old adage "Do as I say, not as I do" illustrates the distinction between
ideal and real culture
values and norms suggest how we should act
ideal culture
a system of symbols that allow members of a society to communicate with one other is the definition of
language
the tangible things created by members of society are referred to as
material culture
norms that are widely observed and have a great moral significance
mores
the ideas created by members of a society
nonmaterial culture
_____ refer to rules and expectations by which a society guides the behavior of the members
norms
rules and expectations by which a society guides the behavior of its members
norms
rules and expectations by which a society guides the behavior of its members refers to
norms
the most popular music in the U..S. in 1998 was
pop
_______ norms tell us what we should do, while ________, norms tell us what we should not do
prescriptive, proscriptive
includes the values and norms that are actually followed by a culture.
real culture
takes the form of rewards and punishments
sanctions
______ _________ refers to the various means by which members of a society encourage conformity to norms
social control
the organized interaction of people in a nation or within some other boundary is the definition for
society
cultural patterns that set apart some segment of a society's population is termed
subculture
anything that carries a particular meaning recognized by people who share a culture
symbol
five key components of culture as
symbols,laws.values, beliefs, norms,technology
knowledge that a society applies to the task of living in a physical environment
technology
knowledge that people apply to the task of living in their surrounding refers to
technology
knowledge that people apply to the task of living in their surroundings refers to
technology
Cultural __________ refers to the process by which one generation passes culture to the next
transmission
cultural symbols often change over time, and even vary within a single society
true
cultural transmission is defined as a process by which culture is passed from one generation to the next
true
nonmaterial culture refers to the intangible world of ideas created by members of society
true
social sanctions,operating as a system of social control,can involve rewards or punishments
true
technology is defined as the knowledge that people apply to the task of living in their surroundings
true
while _____ are broad guidelines for social living, _____ are statements that people hold to be true
value, beliefs
culturally defined standards of desirability, goodness. and beauty, which serve as broad guidelines for social living, is the definition for _____
values
culturally defined standards that people use to decide what is desirable, good, and beautiful and that serve as broad guidelines for social living
values
progress and freedom are examples of U.S
values
2 components of culture
values and norms
symbols,a component of culture, can
vary from culture to culture, provide a foundation for the reality we experience and vary within a given culture