Chapter 34

After assessing the following patients, which would the AEMT identify as suffering from multisystems trauma? -31-year-old woman; large laceration to her leg from a hunting knife; bleeding controlled -61-year-old man; became dizzy and fell down five stairs; laceration to the head; open fracture to the left lower leg -89-year-old woman fell in a nursing home; hematoma to the back of her head -24-year-old man; slipped on ice; tenderness to the right shoulder

61-year-old man; became dizzy and fell down five stairs; laceration to the head; open fracture to the left lower leg

Damage to the steering wheel and/or dashboard should cause a high index of suspicion for which type of internal injury? -Abdominal -Head -Thoracic spine -Cervical spine

Abdominal

When evaluating the MOI of a sudden deceleration injury in a motor vehicle, the AEMT should: -determine if airbag restraints deployed. -assess the damage to the vehicle itself -note if any restraint devices are in use. -All of these.

All of these

You are assessing a patient involved in a motorcycle accident. He states that he saw an oncoming car and "laid the bike down" to avoid an outright collision. He was wearing a helmet. Which of the following injuries would make sense given the action of the motorcyclist? -Road rash to the entire body -Bilateral broken forearms -Angulation to both femurs -Burn to the inside of the leg

Burn to the inside of the leg

A mnemonic to help the AEMT evaluate aspects of the secondary assessment is: -SAMPLE. -DCAP-BTLS. -OPQRST. -AVPU.

DCAP-BTLS.

A patient involved in a motor vehicle collision is complaining of neck pain. Which of the following pieces of information should cause the AEMT to have a high index of suspicion that the patient may have suffered more significant injuries beyond the complaint of neck pain? -No airbags in the car -History of heart problems -Complaint of head and neck pain -Death of the car's driver

Death of the car's driver

A teenage female patient has been ejected from a car as it rolled down a hill. She is responsive, but with signs of early shock. She has bruising to her anterior abdomen, a laceration to her left temple, and deformity to he left wrist. At what point should the wrist injury be splinted? -En route to the hospital -Before transferring to the stretcher -Just before leaving the scene -Prior to immobilizing the patient

En route to the hospital

An unrestrained woman driving a small car is involved in a rollover-type collision. Why her risk for serious injury and death is significantly increased? -Rollovers are the result of high speeds. -Smaller and lighter cars tend to roll over. -There are more impacts in a roll over. -The risk for ejection is lessened, increasing injuries suffered in the car.

There are more impacts in a roll over.

You are first on the scene of a two-car motor vehicle collision. In one car there are two patients entrapped in the vehicle, while in the other, there is a male driver complaining of chest pain. Your primary concern is: -triaging the patients. -calling for additional help. -assuring personal safety. -determining severity of injuries.

assuring personal safety.

The reassessment in the critically injured trauma patient should be done: -every minute. -every 15 minutes. -once on the way to the hospital. -at least every five minutes.

at least every five minutes.

The injury that results from the transmission of energy directly or indirectly from an object to the body BEST describes: -blunt trauma. -penetrating trauma. -trauma. -Newton's first law.

blunt trauma.

The mechanism of injury that suggests transport to a trauma center is: -ejection from a vehicle. -vehicle impact at a speed greater than 20 mph. -extrication time of less than 20 minutes. -a fall from a distance twice the patient's height.

ejection from a vehicle.

The ________ is designed to assess limited, isolated injuries. -secondary assessment -focused trauma exam -detailed body exam -primary assessment

focused trauma exam

A common injury referred to as "whiplash" involves: -lateral flexion. -hyperextension. -hyperextension and hyperflexion. -hyperflexion.

hyperextension

The AEMT should gain a general impression of the trauma victim based on: -level of responsiveness and ABC evaluation. -bystander reaction. -MOI and hazard identification. -dispatch information.

level of responsiveness and ABC evaluation.

A method used to calculate the amount of force involved in a collision would be: -acceleration × deceleration. -mass × acceleration (or deceleration). -speed × velocity. -None of these.

mass × acceleration (or deceleration).

If you suspect significant trauma to an unconscious victim, you should open the airway using: -head-tilt/chin lift. -head-tilt without the chin-lift. -modified jaw-thrust. -head-tilt/neck-lift.

modified jaw-thrust.

In ________ the energy dissipation may create a permanent or temporary cavity transmitting to surrounding tissues. -deceleration forces -blunt trauma -contusions -penetrating trauma

penetrating trauma

The purpose of the secondary assessment is to: -identify lifethreats to the ABCs. -assess neurological status. -determine all injuries present on a victim. -quickly assess areas of the body where serious life threats may occur.

quickly assess areas of the body where serious life threats may occur.

Assessment of a patient involved in a motor vehicle collision reveals him to have crepitus to the left humerus, instability to the left lateral chest wall and flank, and pain on palpation to left hip region. He also complains of pain to the right side of the neck. Based on this injury pattern, the AEMT would recognize the patient was: -the passenger in a car hit from behind. -the driver of a car hit on the driver's side. -an unrestrained occupant in a car struck from the side. -an unrestrained driver involved in a head-on collision.

the driver of a car hit on the driver's side.

When determining the mechanism of injury, you will identify: -the forces involved in the accident. -the number of patients. -the need for additional resources. -the person who caused the accident.

the forces involved in the accident.

Two basic principles of physics that apply to kinetics are: -velocity and mass. -movement and energy. -inertia and velocity. -the law of inertia and conservation of energy.

the law of inertia and conservation of energy.

Trauma assessment and management begins with: -assessing the airway. -evaluating resources at scene. -calculating kinetic energy. -the scene size-up.

the scene size-up.

In the case of trauma patients, the ideal goal for completing on-scene procedures and initiating transport is: -under 10 minutes. -set by medical direction. -one hour. -between 20 to 30 minutes.

under 10 minutes.

Which of the following physical assessment findings would make your patient a candidate for rapid transport to a trauma center? -respiratory rate of 24 -pulse rate of 110 -unstable pelvic girdle -systolic blood pressure of 100

unstable pelvic girdle

En route to the scene of a shooting victim, dispatch informs you that the suspect has not been located yet. Based on this information, you should: -be aware as you arrive on the scene that the patient may have committed suicide. -wait until police arrive and secure the scene prior to approach. -document this information. -recognize the need to rapidly transport the victim.

wait until police arrive and secure the scene prior to approach.

A 23-year-old roofer has fallen 20 feet from the roof of a house into shrubs below. Aside from superficial abrasions and complaint of soreness, you detect no obvious injuries. Consequently, the patient states that as long as his legs are not broken, he does not see the need to go to the hospital. As a knowledgeable AEMT, your BEST response would be: -"Since this is a work-related injury, you should really be evaluated in the hospital. Workers' comp may not cover you if you do not." -"Although you feel okay now, you will most likely be sore later on. Why don't we go to the hospital and ask about some medications for pain?" -"Since you did not lose consciousness, I feel better about having you refuse. Just keep an eye on your feet and watch for swelling." -"From a fall of this height, you may have hurt some internal organs. You really need to be examined."

"From a fall of this height, you may have hurt some internal organs. You really need to be examined."

You have arrived on the scene of an explosion in a warehouse used to store fertilizers. A paramedic, who has already triaged the nine patients involved, directs you to a young man sitting under a tree. The man states that he is having excruciating ear pain. The primary assessment and secondary assessment reveal no obvious injuries. Given this presentation, the AEMT would recognize which of the following? -Inner ear damage caused by the noise of the explosion -Ear damage caused by exposure to superheated air -Secondary blast injury to the inner ear -Primary phase blast injury to the inner ear

Primary phase blast injury to the inner ear

A patient, who was constructing a bomb in his basement, has sustained a secondary phase blast injury. Which of the following presentations would the AEMT MOST likely observe? -Screwdriver impaled in the arm -Burns to the head, neck, and chest -Headache and shortness of breath -Complaint of nausea after inhaling fumes

Screwdriver impaled in the arm

A patient has been critically hurt in a nighttime motor vehicle collision. She was wearing a seatbelt and hit a tree at 70 mph. The car she was driving weighed two tons and was equipped with airbags that did deploy. Which of the following had the greatest impact on her being injured? -Speed of the vehicle at impact -Nighttime conditions -Deployment of airbags -Weight of the vehicle

Speed of the vehicle at impact