Chapter 36 for bio

an individual with both male and female reproductive systems

A hermaphrodite is __________.

Oviduct

In which location does fertilization usually take place in a human female?

generally effective at very low concentrations

Pheromones are __________.

All of the listed responses are correct.

Seasonal changes can be important to reproduction because __________.

the fewer reproductive offspring produced by individuals of species that have two sexes

The "twofold cost" of sex refers to __________.

jaws, teeth, and epidermis of the skin

The ectoderm germ layer gives rise to the __________.

the clitoris, two sets of labia, and vaginal opening

The human female's external reproductive structures are __________.

Internal fertilization can occur outside of aquatic or marine habitats

What is an advantage of internal fertilization?

the first three months, when organogenesis is occurring

Certain maternal diseases, drugs, alcohol, and radiation are most dangerous to embryonic development during ___________.

A rise in estradiol from the follicle

In the human ovarian cycle, ovulation is triggered by a sharp rise in luteinizing hormone (LH). What is the cause of this sharp rise?

hormonal contraception and sterilization

Examples of birth control methods that prevent the production or release of gametes are __________.

coincides with the luteal phase of the ovarian cycle

The secretory phase of the uterine cycle ___________.

Leydig cells stimulate the production of sperm cells, and Sertoli cells nourish developing sperm.

What is the relationship between Leydig cells and Sertoli cells?

hCG (human chorionic gonadotropin)

Which hormone is produced by the human embryo during the first trimester and is necessary for maintaining a pregnancy?

Prolactin - stimulates breast development at puberty

Which of the following hormones is incorrectly paired with its function?

Only humans (and other primates) have menstrual cycles.

Which of the following is a difference between reproduction of humans (and other primates) and all other mammals?

Fusion of egg and sperm

Which of the following is a means of sexual reproduction?

Parthenogenesis appears rare in vertebrates.

Which of the following is an accurate statement about parthenogenesis?

Most animals produce offspring by sexual reproduction.

Which of the following is an accurate statement about sexual reproduction?

Mating behavior is a stimulus that can help to bring about ovulation in asexually reproducing species.

Which of the following is an accurate statement concerning mating behavior in asexually reproducing species?

There is no increase in mass.

Which of the following is an accurate statement concerning the cleavage stage of early development?

Seminiferous tubule - epididymis - vas deferens - ejaculatory duct - urethra

Which of the following is the correct path that sperm travel in leaving the body of a human male?

Spermatogonial stem cell - spermatogonium - primary spermocyte - secondary spermocyte - early spermatid - sperm cell

Which of the following is the correct sequence of stages in the development of sperm in the process of spermatogenesis?

Meiosis is an uninterrupted process in males, whereas in females it resumes when a follicle matures and is only completed when a sperm penetrates the egg.

Which of the following statements correctly describes how the production of human sperm and eggs differs?

Seminiferous tubule - adds fluid containing mucus, fructose, and prostaglandins to semen

Which of the following structures is incorrectly paired with its function?