Chapter 4

In the mid-eighteenth century, approximately what percentage of people living in New York City were African-Americans held as slaves?

20 percent

Approximately what percentage of slaves carried to the New World were destined for mainland North America?

5 percent

The phrase "freedom of speech" originated in colonial America

False

8) Which two colonies became very similar over time regarding slavery?

Georgia and South Carolina

During Pontiac's Rebellion, Neolin, the prophet, asserted which of the following ideas?

Indians must drive the British from their territory.

The first slave uprising of the eighteenth century, which occurred in ___________, included houses burned and the deaths of nine whites.

New York

In 1762, the Indians of the Ohio Valley and Great Lakes launched a revolt against British rule called

Pontiac's Rebellion.

(Q048) A few African societies were able to opt out of the Atlantic slave trade.

True

(Q076) Eighteenth-century liberalism drew heavily upon the thinking of the philosopher John Locke.

True

Mexico won independence from Spain in 1821.

True

Some slaves came to the colonies familiar with Christianity, but most North American slaves practiced

traditional African religions.

(Q030) The Albany Plan of Union

was the attempt to create a council composed of delegates from each colony to levy taxes and settle domestic issues.

The Great Awakening occurred because many ministers were concerned with

westward expansion.

Since mosquitoes bearing malaria flourished in the New World, slaves were particularly susceptible since they had not developed immunity to the disease.

False

The Seven Years' War was also known in the colonies as Queen Anne's War

False

The eighteenth century was the height of the Atlantic slave trade, a commerce increasingly dominated by Spanish merchants and ships.

False

The exchange of goods among Spanish colonists, French colonists, and Indians in North America was known as the "triangular trade."

False

Throughout the eighteenth century, women were not eligible to vote.

False

The financial strains of the Seven Years' War would later help to spark the

French Revolution.

The leading promoter of the Great Awakening was

George Whitefield.

(Q017) The only unicameral legislature in the colonies was in Pennsylvania, largely controlled for much of the eighteenth century by

Quaker merchants.

(Q013) The idea that only property-owning citizens possessed "virtue" is related to what political idea?

Republicanism

The idea that only property-owning citizens possessed "virtue" is related to what political idea?

Republicanism

Father Junípero Serra founded the first Catholic mission in 1769 at

San Diego.

Which of the following is true regarding the Middle Passage?

Ship captains sometimes threw slaves overboard, especially when they were sick.

The first mainland colony to achieve a black majority population was

South Carolina.

(Q057) Russian traders established a series of forts from Alaska to California in order to challenge the Spanish for North American territory.

True

(Q065) In the Ohio Valley (the "middle ground"), the Iroquois were known for their ability to play the French and British empires against each other.

True

According to the English minister George Whitefield, people were not predestined for damnation and could participate in their own salvation through the confession of sin.

True

An irony of British victory in the Seven Years' War is that victory ultimately contributed to Britain's loss of its mainland American colonies, since, in seeking to pay for the Seven Years' War, the British government raised taxes on American colonists who protested taxation without representation.

True

During the eighteenth century, more than half the Africans shipped to the New World as slaves were

carried on British vessels.

The movement that sought to apply the scientific method of careful investigation based on research and experiment to politics and social life was called

the Enlightenment.

The effect of the Enlightenment on religion resulted in

the adoption of the concept of deism.

Following the Seven Years' War, what factor led to a loss of power for Native American tribes in eastern North America?

the departure of the French

Which of the following factors contributed to the devastation of Indian society in the present-day California area?

the resettlement of Indians in villages around the missions

In the eighteenth century, the British Constitution--the unwritten groundwork of British freedom--celebrated

the right to a jury trial.

By the mid-eighteenth century, distinct slave systems were entrenched in the New World. The oldest and largest was the

tobacco plantation system.

The view that reason alone could establish the essentials of religion was called

Arminianism.

White planters in the Chesapeake created which of the following rules for free blacks?

Blacks were not allowed to legally carry guns

(Q041) Trade with the West Indies was central to which of the following colonial economies?

British New England

Indians who lived in the Catholic missions established by Father Junípero Serra in California generally lived happy, healthy, free, and long lives.

False

Possibly more than any other individual, Theodore Frelinghuysen, who declared "the whole world his parish," sparked the Great Awakening

False

) By the middle of the eighteenth century, most elections were fiercely contested throughout the American colonies

False

Almost all African slaves in the eighteenth century came from the same African tribe.

False

During the Great Awakening, most preachers explicitly condemned slavery.

False

During the eighteenth century, both Spain and France steadily lost interest in their North American empires

False

As a result of British victory in the Seven Years' War, Britain not only won control of Canada but also gained control of India

True

Britons and colonists tended to regard themselves as the freest people in the world.

True

By 1750, the Virginian population recognized "white" and "free" as virtually identical.

True

By the 1700s, the population of Spanish North America was small, consisting of a few, isolated urban clusters in Florida, Texas, and New Mexico

True

Colonial political offices frequently passed from generation to generation within the same family.

True

Deism" was a religious adaptation of Enlightenment thought in both Europe and colonial America.

True

England and Scotland were united in 1707 by the Act of Union to create Great Britain.

True

Every European empire in the New World utilized slave labor and battled for control of the slave trade.

True

George Washington, a British soldier, was forced to surrender at Fort Necessity in Pennsylvania after he lost a third of his men in an ill-conceived effort to fight a larger French and Indian force.

True

Newspaperman John Peter Zenger printed several issues targeting the governor of New York's corruption. Zenger was found not guilty of libel, as his accusations were found to be true.

True

Slaves who seldom interacted with whites, as on rice plantations, enjoyed more autonomy than elsewhere in the colonies.

True

) In Jonathan Edwards's view, what was a sinner's only hope in life?

a "new birth" in which they became devout Christians

In Jonathan Edwards's view, what was a sinner's only hope in life?

a "new birth" in which they became devout Christians

(Q031) Olaudah Equiano was

a slave who purchased his freedom.

(Q022) A major reason for Jews to move to Spanish North America was

escape from the Inquisition.

The trial of John Peter Zenger involved the issue of

freedom of the press.

(Q029) Following the Proclamation of 1763,

its ordinances were ignored and officials covered their involvement in land grabs.

Under the ideals of liberalism, the "social contract" extorted that

men retain their natural rights because these rights predated the establishment of political authority.

As a result of the Seven Years' War, a large number of French residents in Nova Scotia

moved to Louisiana, where their descendants came to be known as Cajuns.

Prominent theologian Cotton Mather __________ during his lifetime.

nooooo owned African slaves

The military outposts established by the Spanish in California and New Mexico were called

presidios.

While many white men in the colonies lacked the right to vote, they influenced public life by

protesting the kidnapping of poor men for maritime service.

The policy of leaving the colonists to govern themselves was called

salutary neglect.

Which of these groups were ineligible to vote in eighteenth century colonial America because they lacked a "will of their own"?

slaves and servants

) Under the ____ system, individual slaves were able to cultivate crops of their own after their daily jobs.

task