Chapter 4

The subcutaneous and sweat glands associated with the skin are associated as ___________ glands because they release secretions to the skins surface via ducts.

exocrine

When James shaves his face, which portion of the hair is removed?

hair shaft

A nurse tends to a patient with a sunburn. Upon examination, she sees blisters and red skin. What type of burn does this patient most likely have?

second degree burn

The epidermis is composed of ____________.

stratified squamous epithelium

deepest layer of the epidermis that is situated closest to the dermis

stratum basale

A splinter pierces through the epidermal layers of the sole of the foot in the following order. What is the correct order? (numbers) 1. Stratum basale 2. Stratum corneum 3. Stratum granulosum 4. Stratum lucidum 6. Stratum spinosum

2,4,3,5,1

What layer is affected when a scrape affects the most superficial epidermal layer?

Stratum Corneum

Which layer of the epidermis is composed of flattened, dead, keratin filled cells?

Stratum Corneum

Which layer of the epidermis forms the nail bed?

Stratum basale

The two layers of the skin are ____________.

epidermis and dermis

What type of burn only involves injury to the superficial epidermis?

first

burn in which only the epidermis becomes red and swollen

first degree burn

Which of the following abnormal skin colors results from liver disorders?

jaundice

Although you get wet while swimming, which tough protein within the skin prevents it from soaking up moisture like a sponge?

keratin

cell commonly found in the epidermis that produces keratin

keratinocyte

Where are mucous membranes found?

lining the inside of the stomach

Your 70 year old grandfather shows signs of loss of hair and some baldness. What age related disorder do you suspect is the cause?

male- patterned baldness

cancer of melanocytes

malignant melanoma

Hair color is due to a pigment known as______________?

melanin

The "tanning effect" that occurs when a person is exposed to the sun is due to the increased presence of _____________.

melanin

Which of the following are pigments that contribute to skin color? A) collagen; elastic; keratin B) melanin; jaundice; erthema C) sebum; sweat; urea D) melanin; carotene; hemoglobin

melanin; carotene; hemoglobin

cell that produces a pigment known as melanin

melanocyte

Which of the following membranes lines body cavities that are open to the exterior? A) pleura B) synovial C) cutaneous D) mucous E) serous

mucous

Upper layer of the dermis that forms dermal papillae

papillary layer of the dermis

Fingerprints and footprints in the epidermis are created by dermal papillae present in ___________.

papillary layers of the dermis

Which of the following is a lubricant that keeps skin soft and moist and also contains chemicals that kill bacteria? A) sweat B) sebum C) carotene D) melanin

sebum

cancer of stratum spinosum cells

squamous cell carcinoma

superficial layer of the epidermis made of 20-30 cell layers of dead, keratin filled cells

stratum corneum

hypodermis

subcutaneous tissue

Jan got her microscope slides mixed up in lab as they were unlabeled. The slide with abundant adipose tissue should be labeled as ______________.

subcutaneous tissue (hypodermis)

The ___________ membrane lines the fibrous capsule surrounding joints.

synovial

Which of the following reduces friction in movable joints, such as the knee? A) sebum B) serous fluid C) synovial fluid D) sweat E) keratin

synovial fluid

In order to warm the body up when cold_______________.

the arrector pili muscles contract to stand hairs upright

infection of the sebaceous gland and the formation of pimples

acne

malignancy of the lowest epidermal layer

basal cell carcinoma

People who produce a lot of melanin have a skin tone that is ________.

brown

What provides toughness to the dermis and holds water in this skin layer?

collagen fibers

The outermost layer of the epidermis is keratinized and known as stratum

corneum

The only dry membrane is the _____________?

cutaneous membrane

skin inflammation

dermatitis

Nutrients reach the surface of the skin (epidermis) through the process of ________.

diffusion

What type of cutaneous gland produces sweat that cools the body upon evaporation from the skin?

eccrine glands

Which of the following is an indication of melanoma? A) a symmetrical mole B) a pigmented spot that has smooth borders C) a pigmented spot on the skin that is smaller than the size of a pencil eraser D) a pigmented spot that is all black E) a pigmented spot that contains areas of different colors

E) a pigmented spot that contains areas of different colors

Which vitamin is synthesized by the skin?

Vitamin D

Which of the following is a vital function of the skin? A) the skin converts modified epidermal cholesterol to vitamin d B) the skin aids in the transport of materials throughout the body C) the cells of the epidermis store glucose as glycogen for energy D) the skin absorbs vitamin c so that the skin will not be subject to diseases E) the skin aids in desiccation

the skin converts modified epidermal cholesterol to vitamin d.

full thickness burn of the skin in which the skin becomes blackened or blanched

third degree burn, or full thickness burn