CHAPTER 4

The Pap test for cervical cancer utilizes A) histology. B) physiology. C) anatomy. D) embryology. E) exfoliative cytology

E) exfoliative cytology

The study of cells shed from epithelial surfaces, often for diagnostic purposes, is termed A) histology. B) physiology. C) anatomy. D) embryology. E) exfoliative cytology

E) exfoliative cytology

The dominant fiber type in dense connective tissue is A) collagen B) elastin C) actin D) myosin E) connectin

A) collagen

The most common type of cartilage is______ cartilage A) ligamentous B) hyaline C) elastic D) fibrous E) osseous

B) hyaline

Antibodies are produced by A) macrophages. B) microphages. C) plasmocytes. D) mast cells. E) fibroblasts

C) plasmocytes.

Which type of connective tissue is found between the ribs and the sternum, or supporting the trachea? A) areolar B) hyaline cartilage C) elastic D) fibrous E) dense regular

B) hyaline cartilage

Cells that engulf bacteria or cell debris within loose connective tissue are A) fibroblasts. B) macrophages. C) adipocytes. D) mastȱcells. E) melanocytes

B) macrophages.

Wharton's jelly is a form of A) Marfan's syndrome. B) mucous connective tissue. C) ground substance. D) collagen fibers. E) both C and D

B) mucous connective tissue.

Tissue that is specialized for the conduction of electrical impulses is ________ tissue. A) connective B) neural C) areolar D) osseous E) epithelial

B) neural

The serous membrane lining the abdominal cavity is the A) pleura B) peritoneum C) pericardium D) periosteum E) perichondrium

B) peritoneum

Unicellular exocrine glands secrete A) milk B) sweat C) mucus D) sebum E) insulin

C) mucus

Tissues that provide strength and support for areas subjected to stresses from many directions are A)tendons B)ligaments C)dense irregular connective tissues D)reticular tissue E)areolar tissue

C)dense irregular connective tissues

Two classes of macrophages include A)mesenchymal cells and melanocytes B)mast cells and basophils C)fixed macrophages and free macrophages D)neutrophils and eosinophils E)microphages and adipocytes

C)fixed macrophages and free macrophages

Unlike cartilage, bone A)is a connective tissue B)has a matrix that contains collagen C)is highly vascular D)has an outer covering E)has cells within lacunae

C)is highly vascular

Epithelial cells that are adapted for absorption or secretion usually have________at their free surface A)mitochondria B)cilia C)microvilli D)junctional complexes E)Golgi complexes

C)microvilli

Damage to a joint cartilage is affecting which type of tissue? A)fluid connective tissue B)dense connective tissue C)supporting connective tissue D)loose connective tissue E)adipose tissue

C)supporting connective tissue

Chondrocytes are to cartilage as osteocytes are to A) blood B) epithelium C) fat D) bone E) neuralȱtissue

D) bone

Osseous tissue is also called A) cartilage B) fat. C) cellulite D) bone E) ligament

D) bone

Which of the following statements about tissue swelling that occurs during inflammation is true? A)triggered by heparin B)triggered by histamine C)caused by increased endothelial permeability D)both A and C E)both B and C

E)both B and C

The heart and blood vessels are lined by A)pseudostratified columnar epithelium B)transitional epithelium C) simple cuboidal epithelium D)simple columnar epithelium E)simple squamous epithelium.

E)simple squamous epithelium.

White fat is found in ________, while brown fat is found in ________. A) adults; infants B) infants; adults C) adolescents; adults D) men; women E) women; men

A) adults; infants

Close examination of an organ reveals a lining of several layers of cells. The layers do not contain any blood vessels and one surface of the cells is open to the internal cavity of the organ. This tissue is probably A) epithelium. B) muscle tissue. C) connective tissue. D) neural tissue. E) fatȱtissue

A) epithelium.

Connective tissue fibers are produced mainly by A) fibroblasts B) macrophages. C) adipocytes D) mast cells E) melanocytes

A) fibroblasts

Watery prespiration is an example of an ____ secretion A) merocrine B) apocrine C) holocrine D) serous E) mucous

A) merocrine

Which of the following membranes line cavities that communicate with the exterior of the body? A) mucous B) serous C) cutaneous D) synovial E) pleural

A) mucous

Epithelia specialized for providing sensations of smell, taste, sight, equilibrium, and hearing are known as A) neuroepithelia. B) psychoepithelia. C) neuropsychoepithelia. D) multilaminar epithelia. E) protective epithelia

A) neuroepithelia.

Cartilage is separated from surrounding tissues by a fibrous A) perichondrium B) lacunae C) periosteum D) canaliculi E) matrix

A) perichondrium

Statellite cells are found in association with A) skeletal muscle B) smooth muscle C) cardiac muscle D) involuntary muscle E) both C and D

A) skeletal muscle

The three types of connective tissue include A)connective tissue proper, fluid connective tissues, and supporting connective tissues B)epithelial, muscle, and neural C)glandular, exocrine, and endocrine D)A and C only E)all of the above

A)connective tissue proper, fluid connective tissues, and supporting connective tissues

Glands that secrete hormones into the interstitial fluid are A)endocrine glands B)interstitial glands C)exocrine glands D)merocrine glands E)holocrine glands.

A)endocrine glands

What type of cell makes up almost half the volume of blood? A)erythrocyte B)leukocyte C)platelet D)monovyte E)phagocyte

A)erythrocyte

Transitional epithelium is found A)lining the urinary bladder B)lining the ducts that drain sweat glands C) lining kidney tubules D)lining the stomach E)at the surface of the skin.

A)lining the urinary bladder

A type of intercellular junction that stopsȱ materials fromȱ crossing an epithelium between cells is termed a(n) A)occluding junction B)gap junction C) intermediate junction D)desmosome E)any of the above

A)occluding junction

The basic shapes of epithelial cells include all of the following, except A)oval B)squamous C) cuboidal D)columnar E)both A and B

A)oval

Adhesions of abdominopelvic organs occur when A)serous membranes are damages B)synovial membranes are damaged C)muscle is damaged D)nerve cells are damged E)any of the above

A)serous membranes are damages

The epithelia that line body cavities and blood vessels are classified as A)simple squamous B)stratified squamous C) simple cuboidal D)stratified cuboidal E)transitional

A)simple squamous

You would find pseudostratified columnar epithelium lining the A)trachea B)urinary bladder C) secretory portions of the pancreas D)surface of the skin E)stomach

A)trachea

Loose connective tissue functions in all the following ways, except A)transporting substances between cells B)supporting epithelia C)anchoring blood vessels and nerves D)storing triaclyglycerols E)filling spaces between organs

A)transporting substances between cells

Which of the following connective tissue cells produces collagen? A) adipocytes B) fibroblasts C) macrophage D) mast cell E) lymphocyte

B) fibroblasts

A gland formed by cells arranged in a blind pocket with a single unbranched duct would be called A)simple tubular B) simple acinar C) compound tubular D) compound alveolar E) tubuloacinar

B) simple acinar

Intercalated discs and pacemaker cells are characteristic of A)smooth muscle tissue B)cardiac muscle tissue C)skeletal muscle tissue D)A, B, and C E)none of the above

B)cardiac muscle tissue

Chondroitin sulfate is abundant in the matrix of A)epithelial tissue B)cartilage C)areolar tissue D)elastic connective tissue E)adipose tissue

B)cartilage

Secretions through a duct might provide ________, whereas ductless secretions act as ________. A)lubrication; lubricators B)enzymes; hormones C)transport media; physical protectors D)superficial relief; interstitial fluid E)odors; alarms

B)enzymes; hormones

Mesothelium is to the body cavities as endothelium is to the A)kidneys B)heart and blood vessels C) urinary bladder D)mouth E)large intestine.

B)heart and blood vessels

Tissue changes with age include all of the following, except A)less efficient tissue maintenance B)proliferation of epidermal cells C)thinner epithelia D)more fragile connective tissue E)decreased ability to repair tissue damage

B)proliferation of epidermal cells

______ attach skeletal muscles to bones, and ______ connect one bone to another. A) Ligaments; tendons B) Ligaments; aponeuroses C) Tendons; ligaments D) Aponeuroses; tendons E) Reticular tissues; tendons

C) Tendons; ligaments

Epithelium is connected to underlying connective tissue by A)keratin B)interfacial canals C) a basal lamina D)a reticular lamina E)proteoglycan

C) a basal lamina

Cells that store fat are called A) cellulocytes B) macrocytes C) adipocytes D) podocytes E) melanocytes

C) adipocytes

Which of the following is a type of secretion in which some cytoplasm is lost with the product? A)holocrine B)merocrine C) apocrine D)mucus E)serous

C) apocrine

Which of these refers to the dense connective tissue that surrounds a muscle and blends with the tendon? A) superficial fascia B) hypodermis C) deep fascia D) subserous fascia E) subcutaneous layer

C) deep fascia

Which of the following terms refers to a reversible change in the normal shape, size, and organization of tissue cells? A) metaplasia B) metastasis C) dysplasia D) anaplasia E) inflammation

C) dysplasia

Examination of a tissue sample reveals groups of cells united by junctional complexes and interlocking membranes. The cells have one free surface and lack blood vessels. The tissue is most likely ________ tissue. A) muscle B) neural C) epithelial D) connective E) adipose

C) epithelial

The junction type that lets neighboring cells exchange small molecules is the A) desmosome. B) hemidesmosome. C) gap junction. D) tight junction. E) zonula adherens

C) gap junction.

The reduction of friction between the parietal and visceral surfaces of an internal cavity is the function of A) cutaneous membranes B) mucous membranes C) serous membranes D) synovial membranes E) the lamina propria

C) serous membranes

The muscle that shows no striations is _____ muscle A) skeletal B) cardiac C) smooth D) voluntary E) multinucleated

C) smooth

The pancreas produces ______ secretions A) serous B) mucous C) merocrine D) exocrine and endocrine E) secretory

D) exocrine and endocrine

Cells that respond to injury by dividing to assist in connective tissue repair are A) mast cells. B) fibroblasts. C) plasmocytes. D) mesenchymal stem cells E) lymphocytes

D) mesenchymal stem cells

During an inflammatory response to injury, which of the following is the least likely in the region of the injury? A) increase in basophils B) increase in histamine C) increase in blood flow D) pale cold skin E) swelling

D) pale cold skin

The framework or stroma of organs such as the spleen, liver, and lymph nodes is made up off A) loose connective B) regular dense connective C) irregular dense connective D) reticular connective E) adipose

D) reticular connective

Microscopic examination of a tissue reveals a loose framework of fibers embedded in a large volume of fluid ground substance and adipocytes and mast cells fibers. This tissue would most likely have come from the A) inner wall of a blood vessel. B) lungs. C) spleen. D) superficial fascia between skin and muscle. E) bony socket of the eye

D) superficial fascia between skin and muscle.

Which of the following statements about simple epithelia is false? A)They afford little mechanical protection B)They are characteristic of regions where secretion or absorption occurs C) They line internal compartments and passageways D)They cover surfaces subjected to mechanical or chemical stress E)They are avascular

D)They cover surfaces subjected to mechanical or chemical stress

The three types of protein fibers in connective tissue are A)tendons, ligaments, and elastic ligaments B)loose, dense, ad irregular C)cartilage, bone, and collagen D)collagen, reticular, and elastic E)polar, cellular, and permeable

D)collagen, reticular, and elastic

Dead skin cells are shed in thin sheets because they are held together by spots of proteoglycan reinforced by intermediate filaments. Such strong intercellular connections are called A)gap junctions B)intermediate junctions C) tight junctions D)desmosomes E)junctional complexes

D)desmosomes

Germinative cells A)start in the superficial layers of epithelial tissue B)cannot divide C)make up most of the epithelial type of tissue D)divide continually to produce new epithelial tissue E)cannot function in the repair of epithelial tissue

D)divide continually to produce new epithelial tissue

Cells that are specialized for secretion A)have a free surface that is flat B)have a small nucleus C)are usually squamous D)exhibit polarity E)are found only in the digestive system

D)exhibit polarity

Simple cuboidal epithelium is found A)at the surface of the skin B)lining the trachea C) lining blood vessels D)forming the kidney tubules E)lining the air sacs of the lungs

D)forming the kidney tubules

Endocrine glands empty their products into _____ and are reerred to as_____glands, while exocrine gland secretions empty into _____ or onto surfaces. A) cells; cellular; interstitial fluid B)interstitial fluid; ducted; cells C)interstitial fluid; ducted; interstitial fluid D)interstitial fluid; ductless; ducts E)ducts; ducted; interstitial fluid

D)interstitial fluid; ductless; ducts

Simple columnar epithelia are found A)lining the urinary bladder B)lining the ducts that drain sweat glands C) lining kidney tubules D)lining the stomach E)at the surface of the skin

D)lining the stomach

Two types of microphages include A)mesenchymal cells and melanocytes B)mast cells and basophils C)fixed macrophages and free macrophages D)neutrophils and eosinophils E)microphages and adipocytes

D)neutrophils and eosinophils

All of the following are true of neurons, except that A) when mature, they lose the ability to divide B)they conduct a nervous impulse C)they are composed of a soma and axon D)they are very specialized form of connective tissue E)they are separated from one another by synapses

D)they are very specialized form of connective tissue

Characteristics of epithelia include A) attachment. B) avascularity. C) regeneration. D) polarity. E) all of the above

E) all of the above

In stratified epithelia adapted to resist mechanical force, which of the following types of cell-to-cell junctions are especially abundant? A) tight junctions B) basolateral junctions C) gap junctions D) hemidesmosomes E) desmosomes

E) desmosomes

Tissue that is specialized for contraction is_____ tissue A) loose connective B) dense connective C) epithelial D) nerve E) muscle

E) muscle

A type of epithelium found where absorption or secretion takes place is ______Epithelium. A)simple squamous B)simple cuboidal C) pseudostratified columnar D)simple columnar E)any of the above

E)any of the above

The tissue that always has a "top and a bottom" is A)epithelial tissue B)connective tissue C) muscle tissue D)basal tissue. E)apical tissue

a) epithelial tissue

Which one of the following is not one of the four main tissue categories? A)muscle tissue B)neural tissue C)osseous tissue D)connective tissue E)epithelial tissue

c) osseous tissue

Epithelial cells exhibit modifications that adapt them for A)contraction B)conduction C) secretion D)circulation E)support

c) secretion

Each of the following is an example of dense connective tissue, except A)tendons B)ligaments C)aponeuroses D)areolar tissue E)elastic tissue

d)areolar tissue

Functions of epithelia include all of the following, except A)providing physical protection B)controlling permeability C)absorption D)producing specialized secretions E)supporting muscle cells

e) supporting muscle cells