Chapter 4 Organic compounds

Amino Acid

when both an amino group and a carboxyl acid group replace hydrogen on the same carbon atom molecule this compound is formed

What is the difference between amino group and amino acid?

Amino acids contain an amino group and a carboxyl group and an amino group is a nitrogen atom covalently bonded with 2 hydrogen atoms.

Explain why eating carbohydrates would be beneficial to an athlete before a race?

Because you get proteins and nutritions that you'll need before you run a race.

What is similar between carbohydrates and lipids?

Carbohydrates and lipids both have the same elements and they are both organic compounds.

Carboxyl Group

Carbon atom and an oxygen atom in a non-covalent bond

Explain the difference between a saturated and an unsaturated compound.

Saturated carbons are single bonded and have a greater compliment of hydrogen. Unsaturated carbons are generally doubled bonded and thus are attached to fewer hydrogen.

What is the difference between a saturated and an unsaturated compound?

Saturated compounds only have a single bond and unsaturated compounds have more than one bonds.

How does a hydroxyl group differ from a carboxyl group?

The hydroxyl group is an amino group and the carboxyl group is an amino acid

Sugars

carbohydrates containing carbon atoms arranged in a ring short chained carbohydrates

Cholesterol

complex lipid that is present in foods that come from animals, such as meat, butter, eggs, and cheese

Organic compound

compounds that contain carbon

Isomers

compounds that have the same formula but different arrangements of atoms

Hydroxyl Group

consists of an oxygen atom and a hydrogen atom joined by a covalent bond

Unsaturated Hydrocarbon

double or triple bonds between carbon atoms.

Lipids

fats, waxes, sterols, fat soluble vitamans

Polymer

large molecule made up of small repeating units linked by covalent bonds to form a long chain.

Polymerization

monomers that are bonded together in a chemical reaction

Amino Group

nitrogen atom joined by covalent bonds to two hydrogen atoms

Carbohydrate

organic compound that contains only carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen biggest source next to sugar that gives us our energy

Hydrocarbon

organic compound that has only carbon and hydrogen in it (ex: methane, ethylene)

Protein

polymer that consists of a chain of individual amino acids linked together

Starches

polymers of glucose monomers in which hundreds or even thousands of glucose molecules are joined together

Saturated Hydrocarbon

single bonds between carbon atoms

Monomers

small, organic molecules that link together to form polymers