Chapter 4 Organic compounds
Amino Acid
when both an amino group and a carboxyl acid group replace hydrogen on the same carbon atom molecule this compound is formed
What is the difference between amino group and amino acid?
Amino acids contain an amino group and a carboxyl group and an amino group is a nitrogen atom covalently bonded with 2 hydrogen atoms.
Explain why eating carbohydrates would be beneficial to an athlete before a race?
Because you get proteins and nutritions that you'll need before you run a race.
What is similar between carbohydrates and lipids?
Carbohydrates and lipids both have the same elements and they are both organic compounds.
Carboxyl Group
Carbon atom and an oxygen atom in a non-covalent bond
Explain the difference between a saturated and an unsaturated compound.
Saturated carbons are single bonded and have a greater compliment of hydrogen. Unsaturated carbons are generally doubled bonded and thus are attached to fewer hydrogen.
What is the difference between a saturated and an unsaturated compound?
Saturated compounds only have a single bond and unsaturated compounds have more than one bonds.
How does a hydroxyl group differ from a carboxyl group?
The hydroxyl group is an amino group and the carboxyl group is an amino acid
Sugars
carbohydrates containing carbon atoms arranged in a ring short chained carbohydrates
Cholesterol
complex lipid that is present in foods that come from animals, such as meat, butter, eggs, and cheese
Organic compound
compounds that contain carbon
Isomers
compounds that have the same formula but different arrangements of atoms
Hydroxyl Group
consists of an oxygen atom and a hydrogen atom joined by a covalent bond
Unsaturated Hydrocarbon
double or triple bonds between carbon atoms.
Lipids
fats, waxes, sterols, fat soluble vitamans
Polymer
large molecule made up of small repeating units linked by covalent bonds to form a long chain.
Polymerization
monomers that are bonded together in a chemical reaction
Amino Group
nitrogen atom joined by covalent bonds to two hydrogen atoms
Carbohydrate
organic compound that contains only carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen biggest source next to sugar that gives us our energy
Hydrocarbon
organic compound that has only carbon and hydrogen in it (ex: methane, ethylene)
Protein
polymer that consists of a chain of individual amino acids linked together
Starches
polymers of glucose monomers in which hundreds or even thousands of glucose molecules are joined together
Saturated Hydrocarbon
single bonds between carbon atoms
Monomers
small, organic molecules that link together to form polymers