Chapter 4 Questions

How does an artist's use of directional forces differ from the use of emphasis and subordination in a work of art? 1. Directional forces create a path around the work of art. 2. Directional forces draw the viewer's eye to neutral areas of lesser importance. 3. Directional forces are used in dynamic and expressive works of art. 4. Directional forces rely on contrast and position to highlight the focal point.

1. Directional forces create a path around the work of art.

Why do many public buildings employ symmetrical balance in their designs? 1. Symmetrical balance suggests stability and permanence. 2. Symmetrical balance allows for the most efficient use of space. 3. Symmetrical balance promotes quick and economical construction. 4. Symmetrical balance is associated with divine power.

1. Symmetrical balance suggests stability and permanence.

Why is it possible for a small yellow form to balance a large blue form? 1. Warm colors appear heavier than cool colors. 2. Small forms appear heavier than large forms. 3. Large forms appear heavier than small forms. 4. Cool colors appear heavier than warm colors.

1. Warm colors appear heavier than cool colors.

One way that John McCracken achieved unity with the work Untitled was 1. making it a different color than the wall. 2. using the same unvarying color throughout the piece. 3. using three media. 4. making it taller than it is wider.

2. using the same unvarying color throughout the piece.

Artists use contrast, color intensity, position, and size to create 1. emphasis on a specific area of the work. 2. a diagonal force in the work. 3. unity and variety in the work. 4. symmetry in the work.

1. emphasis on a specific area of the work.

What design problem is presented by the subject matter in Lavinia Fontana's Noli Me Tangere? 1. foregrounding the standing and prostrate figures 2. representing the divinity of Christ and the humanity of Mary Magdalene 3. depicting the empty tomb of Christ in the background 4. representing the passage of time in the story

1. foregrounding the standing and prostrate figures

One way that Jacob Lawrence created unity in Going Home was by 1. repeating the use of red in a variety of shapes. 2. including reclining and sitting figures. 3. limiting the composition to one railroad car interior. 4. painting a topic that had deep personal meaning.

1. repeating the use of red in a variety of shapes.

What is the design principle for creating a neutral area that does not distract from the area of emphasis? 1. subordination 2. unity and variety 3. directional forces 4. contrast

1. subordination

Which detail in Titian's Noli Me Tangere best demonstrates the principle of subordination in design? 1. the muted colors of the landscape 2. the tall tree in the center of the image 3. the outstretched hand of Christ 4. the red robe of Mary Magdalene

1. the muted colors of the landscape

One reason for the extremely small size of Cruzeiro do Sul (Southern Cross) was 1. to draw attention to the lack of importance many people give to Southern Hemisphere countries. 2. to create a humorous work. 3. to draw attention to the importance of geometric forms. 4. the artist's lack of funds to produce the work.

1. to draw attention to the lack of importance many people give to Southern Hemisphere countries.

What is one reason that Claes Oldenburg and Coosje van Bruggen exaggerated scale in Shuttlecocks? 1. to poke fun at museum practices 2. to criticize the museum's collecting practices 3. to create a diagonal direction 4.to promote playing badminton

1. to poke fun at museum practices

What was the reason Matisse took so many photographs of his drawings for Large Reclining Nude? 1. It made it easier for him to keep track of the changes he made. 2. He was interested in documenting how design could affect a final work that began with a naturalistic drawing. 3. He needed the photographs for a book he was writing. 4. It was standard practice for artists to photograph their work in process.

2. He was interested in documenting how design could affect a final work that began with a naturalistic drawing.

How did the addition of horizontal lines to the couch change Henri Matisse's final version of Large Reclining Nude? 1. It added pattern and contrast. 2. It reduced downward directional force. 3. It created visual rhythm in the image. 4. It altered the proportions of the figure.

2. It reduced downward directional force.

Why do many public buildings employ symmetrical balance in their designs? 1. Symmetrical balance allows for the most efficient use of space. 2. Symmetrical balance suggests stability and permanence. 3. Symmetrical balance promotes quick and economical construction. 4. Symmetrical balance is associated with divine power.

2. Symmetrical balance suggests stability and permanence.

Where does Peter de Hooch use repetition as an organizing principle in Interior of a Dutch House? 1. in the even number of figures 2. in the rectangular shapes that form the floor tiles 3. in the various sizes of rectangles used for the fireplace, windows, paintings, and maps. 4. in the similar clothing worn by the figures

2. in the rectangular shapes that form the floor tiles

Most artists want a balance of unity and variety because 1. it makes it easier for the viewer to understand. 2. that combination usually yields the most interesting compositions. 3. every work has to include both elements. 4. both are required for a work to have diversity.

2. that combination usually yields the most interesting compositions.

What element creates unity in I Saw the Figure 5 in Gold? 1. the diagonal lines 2. the number 5 3. the color red 4. the focal point

2. the number 5

Which element is necessary to create an all-over pattern in an artwork? 1. the use of geometric shapes and forms 2. the repetition of a set of ordered elements 3. the use of organic shapes and forms 4. the use of complementary groups of colors

2. the repetition of a set of ordered elements

A person typically experiences scale in relation to 1. the size of the room. 2. the size of his or her body. 3. other artworks surrounding an object. 4. smaller details within a work of art.

2. the size of his or her body.

The use of pattern in Pieter de Hooch's Interior of a Dutch House demonstrates which design principle? Pieter de Hooch. INTERIOR OF A DUTCH HOUSE. 1658. Oil on canvas. 29" × 35". 1. scale and proportion 2. unity and variety 3. balance 4. emphasis and subordination

2. unity and variety

How do the tall green seats provide unity in Jacob Lawrence's Going Home? Jacob Lawrence. GOING HOME.1946. Gouache. 21 ½" × 29 ½". 1. They balance the composition. 2. They serve as a focal point for the viewer. 3. They create visual a visual theme across the composition. 4. Their symmetry connotes permanence and poise.

3. They create visual a visual theme across the composition.

Which term refers to the organization of visual elements in a painting or a photograph? 1. unity 2. format 3. composition 4. balance

3. composition

The more variety in a work of art, the more the artist 1. can charge for the work. 2. has to make preliminary drawings. 3. has to introduce orderly elements. 4. scale the work up to make it bigger.

3. has to introduce orderly elements.

Why did Matisse believe that design was as important to a composition as facial expressions and gestures? 1. He was trying to draw attention to his use of color. 2. He was trying to explain his works to viewers. 3. He was trying to draw attention to scale and proportion. 4. He believed that the arrangement of visual elements was necessary to create an expressive composition.

4. He believed that the arrangement of visual elements was necessary to create an expressive composition.

How did Goya evoke a sense of motion on the part of the bullfighter in The Agility and Daring of Juanito Apinani? 1. He depicted the bullfighter perpendicular to the pole. 2. He depicted the bullfighter swinging on a pole. 3. He depicted the bullfighter in sharp light and dark contrasts. 4. He placed the bullfighter on the intersection of the diagonal axes.

4. He placed the bullfighter on the intersection of the diagonal axes.

What design principle does Damien Hirst's Posterity—The Holy Place perfectly exemplify? 1. contrast 2. emphasis and subordination 3. directional forces 4. balance

4. balance

What is one way that Wallace Berman created a sense of rhythm in Untitled? 1. use of light and dark contrasts 2. addition of Hebrew letters 3. inclusion of different images on the radio 4. repetition of hands and radio shape

4. repetition of hands and radio shape

What combination of lines provides stability in a composition? 1. vertical and diagonal lines 2. horizontal and diagonal lines 3. intersecting diagonal lines 4. vertical and horizontal lines

4. vertical and horizontal lines