Chapter 4 quiz 1

The size of a eukaryotic cell ribosome is 50S. 80S. 30S. 40S. 70S.

80S The eukaryotic ribosome (except in the mitochondria) is the larger 80S variety.

Protists include yeasts and molds. All of the choices are correct. None of the choices is correct. helminths. algae and protozoa.

Algae and protozoa

The eukaryote cell membrane is composed of cholesterol. proteins. phospholipids. All of the choices are correct. sterols.

All of the choices are correct. The cell (or cytoplasmic) membrane of eukaryotic cells is a typical bilayer of phospholipidsin which protein molecules are embedded. In addition, they also contain sterols

Which of the following is found in eukaryotic cells but not in the cells of bacteria? All of the choices are correct. endoplasmic reticulum lysosomes nucleus mitochondria

All of the choices are correct. The cell structures common to most eukaryotes are the cell membrane, nucleus, vacuoles, lysosomes, mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi aparatus, and a cytoskeleton. Cell walls, chloroplasts, and locomotor organs are present in some eukaryote groups.

Fungi that grow as yeast at one temperature but will grow as mold at another temperature are called pseudohyphae. parasites. dimorphic. saprobes. spores.

Dimorphic

All fungi cause some kind of disease in plants and animals. True False

False

The cell wall of fungi and algae are chemically identical to the bacterial cell wall. True False

False

An organelle that is a stack of flattened, membranous sacs and functions to receive, modify, and package proteins for cell secretion is the lysosome. mitochondria. chloroplast. Golgi apparatus. endoplasmic reticulum.

Golgi apparatus. The Golgi apparatus is the site in the cell in which proteins are modified and then sent to their final destinations. It is a discrete organelle consisting of a stack of several flattened, disc-shaped sacs called cisternae.

Larvae and eggs are developmental forms of None of the choices is correct. protozoa. algae. fungi. helminths.

Helminths Helminths are included in the study of microbes mainly due to their infective abilities and the production of microscopic eggs and larvae.

The long, threadlike branching cells of molds are called pseudohyphae. septate. ascus. conidiophores. hyphae.

Hyphae Hyphae are long threadlike cells found in the bodies of filamentous fungi, or molds.

Filamentous fungi are called pseudohyphae. dimorphic. molds. mycelium. septa.

Molds

Which of the following is not a function of the eukaryote glycocalyx? adherence reception of chemical signals All of the choices are functions. protection movement

Movement The glyxoxalyx is the outermost boundary of most eukaryotic cells. Its functions are protection, adherence, and reception of chemical signals from the environment or from other organisms. The glycocalyx is supported by either a cell wall or a cell membrane.

After returning from a trip to Africa, Tom begins to feel very tired and weak. He has severe anemia. A blood smear reveals a protozoan is present in his blood. The health care provider tells Tom he has malaria. Which of the following could be the causative agent of his disease? Trichophyton Plasmodium falciparum HIV Histoplasma capsulatum Nagleria fowleri

Plasmodium falciparum the most severe form of malaria, caused by infection with Plasmodium falciparum.

Which is mismatched? Giardia—causes intestinal distress; transmitted by feces in drinking water Histoplasma—fungus that causes Ohio Valley fever Naegleria—amoeba that causes brain infection Trichomonas—sexually transmitted vaginal infection Plasmodium—protozoan that causes Chagas disease

Plasmodium—protozoan that causes Chagas disease

Cell walls are not usually found in bacteria. fungi. protozoa. All of the choices are correct. algae.

Protozoa Because Protozoa lack a cell wall, they have a certain amount of flexibility. Their out boundary is a cell membrane that regulates the movement of food, wastes, and secretions.

The motile, feeding stage of protozoa is called the sporozoite. food vacuole. cyst. trophozoite. oocyst.

Trophozoite Most protozoa can be recognized in their motile feeding stage called the trophozoite. A trophozoite is the vegetative, free-living form of a protozoal cell.

Eukaryotic mitochondria have their own 70S ribosomes and circular DNA. True False

True

The group of protozoa that have gliding motility are the None of the choices is correct. mastigophora. amoeba/sarcodina. apicomplexa/sporozoa. ciliophora.

apicomplexa/sporozoa Simple system of four groups based on their motility: Sarcodina (pseudopods), Cilliophora (cilia), Mastigophora (flagella), Sporozoa (gliding motility). Apicomplexan protozoa (sporozoa)

Protozoan cysts are part of all protozoan life cycles. are necessary for transmission to a new host. are the primary form of replication. All of the choices are correct. are helpful in surviving unfavorable conditions.

are helpful in surviving unfavorable conditions. Because cysts are more resistant than ordinary cells to heat, drying, and chemicals, they can survive adverse periods. All protozoa have a trophozoite form, but not all produce cysts.

When a eukaryotic cell is not undergoing mitosis, the DNA and its associated proteins appear as a visible network of dark fibers called the nucleosome. nucleolus. chromatin. nuclear envelope. nucleoplasm.

chromatin A prominent feature of the nucleoplam in stained preparations is a network of dark fibers known as chromatin.

During unfavorable growth conditions, many protozoa can convert to a resistant, dormant stage called a(n) endospore. trophozoite. cyst. seed. sporozoa.

cyst A large number of species are also capable of entering in to a dormant, resting stage called a cyst when conditions in the environment become unfavorable for growth and feeding. During encystment, the trophozoite cell rounds up into a sphere, and its ectoplasm secretes a tough, thick cuticle around the cell membrane. Because cysts are more resistant than ordinary cells to heat, drying, and chemicals, they can survive adverse periods.

In eukaryotic cells, ribosomes have two locations: scattered in the _____ and on the surface of the _____. cytoplasm, Golgi apparatus cytoplasm, endoplasmic reticulum nucleus, endoplasmic reticulum nucleus, Golgi apparatus

cytoplasm, endoplasmic reticulum Ribosomes are distributed throughout the cell. Some are scattered freely in the cytoplasm and cytoskeleton; others are intimately associated with the endoplasmic reticulum.

Adulthood and mating of helminths occur in which host? primary host secondary host Mating takes place in all hosts. definitive host transport host

definitive host The host inwhich larval development occurs is the intemediate (secondary) host, and adulthood and mating occur in the difinitive (final) host.

Mitochondria possess all of the following except 70S ribosomes (prokaryote). enzymes for metabolism. cristae. enzymes for photosynthesis. electron transport chain proteins.

enzymes for photosynthesis. the folds of the inner membrane, called cristae, may be tubular like fingers, or folded into shelf like bands. the bulk of energy for the nucleus is genertated by tne mitochondria. They have bacteria size 70s ribosomes.

A(n) _____ originates from the Golgi apparatus as one type of vesicle that contains a variety of enzymes for intracellular digestion. ribosome magnetosome perixosome lysosome inclusion

lysosome A lysosome is a vesicle originating from the Golgi apparatus that contains a variety of enzymes. Lysozomes are involved in intracelluar digestion of food particles and in protection against invading microorganisms.

The woven, intertwining mass of hyphae that makes up the body of a mold is a(n) rhizoid. mycelium. bud. spore. septum.

mycelium The woven, intertwining mass of hyphae that makes up the body or colony of mold is called a myceliuim.

The passageways in the nuclear envelope for movement of substances to and from the nucleus and cytoplasm are called nuclear endoplasmic reticulum. chromatin. pores. inclusions. histones.

pores. The nuclear pores are passageways in the nuclear envelope through which macromolecules migrate from the nucleus to the cytoplasm, and vice versa.

Cilia are structures for motility found primarily in: All of the choices are correct. algae. protozoa. bacteria. fungi.

protozoa

Parasitic worms have a highly developed ______ system. nervous reproductive muscular digestive respiratory

reproductive In parasitic helminths, the most developed organs are those of the reproductive tract.

All of the following are helminths except pinworms. trypanosomes. flukes. roundworms. tapeworms

trypanosomes Trypanosomes are unicellular parasitic protozoa belonging to the Trypanosoma Genus of the Trypanosomatidae Class (Protozoa Kingdom). Tapeworms, flukes, and roundworms are collectively called helminths. The pinworm, also known as threadworm, or seatworm, is a parasitic worm. It is a nematode (roundworm) and a common intestinal parasite or helminth, especially in humans.