Chapter 4 Review

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A certain atom has 26 protons, 26 electrons, and 30 neutrons. Its mass number is?

56

What most accurately represent John Dalton's model of the atom?

A tiny, solid sphere with a predictable mass for a given element

What is true about subatomic particles?

An electron has far less mass than either a proton or neutron

According to __________, all matter was made up of four elements- earth, air, fire, and water.

Aristotle

The Greek philosopher Democritus coined what word for a tiny piece of matter that cannot be divided?

Atom

What is NOT apart of John Dalton's atomic theory?

Atoms contain subatomic particles

J.J. Thomson's experiments provided evidence that an atom...

Contains negatively charged particles

Which subatomic particles has a negative charge?

Electron

Who provided evidence for the existence of a nucleus in an atom?

Ernest Rutherford

True or False: The maximum number of electrons in the second energy level of an atom is 4.

False; 8

True or False: The region around the nucleus occupied by the electrons is called the NEGATIVE ZONE.

False; electron cloud

True or False: The mass of an ELECTRON is about equal to the mass of a proton.

False; neutron

True or False: Two isotopes of carbon-12 and carbon-14. These isotopes differ from one another by two PROTONS.

False; neutrons

True or False: The central core of an atom is called the HUB?

False; nucleus

A sample of calcium contains calcium-40, calcium-44, calcium-42, calcium-48, calcium-43, and calcium-46 atoms. Explain why these atoms can have different mass numbers, but they MUST have the same atomic number.

Same number of protons but different number of neutrons.

What is true about oxygen-17 and oxygen-18?

They are isotopes of oxygen

True or False: According to present atomic theory, the location of an ELECTRON in an atom cannot be pinpointed exactly.

True

True or False: So far, scientists have confirmed the existence of SIX different quarks.

True

True or False: The sum of the number of protons and neutrons in an atom is the MASS NUMBER.

True

What scientific work comes from a Greek word meaning "uncut?" Which Greek philosopher first used the word to describe matter?

atom; democritus

The number of protons in one atom of an element is that element's...

atomic number

To find the number of neutrons in an atom, you would subtract...

atomic number from mass number

A particles that moves around the nucleus is a(n)?

electron

The __________ in an atom has a negative charge.

electron

Each inner energy level of an atom has a maximum number of ______ it can hold.

electrons

In Bohr's model of the atom, ____________ move in fixed orbits around the nucleus.

electrons

John Dalton concluded that all the atoms of a single ____________ have the same mass.

element

Atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons are called?

isotopes

In Niels Bohr's model of the atom, electrons move...

like planets orbiting the sun

The subatomic particle that J.J. Thomson discovered has a(n) ____________ charge.

negative

Protons and ____________ are found in the nucleus of an atom.

neutron

The nuclei of isotopes contain different numbers of __________.

neutrons

The center of the atom where protons and neutrons are located is the __________.

nucleus

If element Q has 11 protons, its atomic __________ is 11.

number

The region in which an electron is most likely to be found in is called a(n) _________.

orbital

Compare the masses of neutrons, protons, and electrons.

p=n>e

Horizontal rows of the periodic table are called...

periods

Particles of matter that make up protons and neutrons are?

quarks


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