Chapter 4 Review
A certain atom has 26 protons, 26 electrons, and 30 neutrons. Its mass number is?
56
What most accurately represent John Dalton's model of the atom?
A tiny, solid sphere with a predictable mass for a given element
What is true about subatomic particles?
An electron has far less mass than either a proton or neutron
According to __________, all matter was made up of four elements- earth, air, fire, and water.
Aristotle
The Greek philosopher Democritus coined what word for a tiny piece of matter that cannot be divided?
Atom
What is NOT apart of John Dalton's atomic theory?
Atoms contain subatomic particles
J.J. Thomson's experiments provided evidence that an atom...
Contains negatively charged particles
Which subatomic particles has a negative charge?
Electron
Who provided evidence for the existence of a nucleus in an atom?
Ernest Rutherford
True or False: The maximum number of electrons in the second energy level of an atom is 4.
False; 8
True or False: The region around the nucleus occupied by the electrons is called the NEGATIVE ZONE.
False; electron cloud
True or False: The mass of an ELECTRON is about equal to the mass of a proton.
False; neutron
True or False: Two isotopes of carbon-12 and carbon-14. These isotopes differ from one another by two PROTONS.
False; neutrons
True or False: The central core of an atom is called the HUB?
False; nucleus
A sample of calcium contains calcium-40, calcium-44, calcium-42, calcium-48, calcium-43, and calcium-46 atoms. Explain why these atoms can have different mass numbers, but they MUST have the same atomic number.
Same number of protons but different number of neutrons.
What is true about oxygen-17 and oxygen-18?
They are isotopes of oxygen
True or False: According to present atomic theory, the location of an ELECTRON in an atom cannot be pinpointed exactly.
True
True or False: So far, scientists have confirmed the existence of SIX different quarks.
True
True or False: The sum of the number of protons and neutrons in an atom is the MASS NUMBER.
True
What scientific work comes from a Greek word meaning "uncut?" Which Greek philosopher first used the word to describe matter?
atom; democritus
The number of protons in one atom of an element is that element's...
atomic number
To find the number of neutrons in an atom, you would subtract...
atomic number from mass number
A particles that moves around the nucleus is a(n)?
electron
The __________ in an atom has a negative charge.
electron
Each inner energy level of an atom has a maximum number of ______ it can hold.
electrons
In Bohr's model of the atom, ____________ move in fixed orbits around the nucleus.
electrons
John Dalton concluded that all the atoms of a single ____________ have the same mass.
element
Atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons are called?
isotopes
In Niels Bohr's model of the atom, electrons move...
like planets orbiting the sun
The subatomic particle that J.J. Thomson discovered has a(n) ____________ charge.
negative
Protons and ____________ are found in the nucleus of an atom.
neutron
The nuclei of isotopes contain different numbers of __________.
neutrons
The center of the atom where protons and neutrons are located is the __________.
nucleus
If element Q has 11 protons, its atomic __________ is 11.
number
The region in which an electron is most likely to be found in is called a(n) _________.
orbital
Compare the masses of neutrons, protons, and electrons.
p=n>e
Horizontal rows of the periodic table are called...
periods
Particles of matter that make up protons and neutrons are?
quarks