Chapter 4 study guide

The oxidation state of chlorine in ClO- is:

+1

The oxidation state of iodine in IO3- is:

+5

Which of the following aqueous solutions contains the greatest number of ions? A) 400.0 mL of 0.10 M NaCl B) 300.0 mL of 0.10 M CaCl2 C) 200.0 mL of 0.10 M FeCl3 D) 200.0 mL of 0.10 M KBr E) 800.0 mL of 0.10 M sucrose

300.0 mL of 0.10 M CaCl2

Aqueous solutions of potassium sulfate and ammonium nitrate are mixed together. Which statement is correct?

No reaction will occur.

Which of the following are oxidation-reduction reactions?

PCl3 + Cl2 → PCl5 Cu + 2AgNO3 → Cu(NO3)2 + 2Ag

In which of the following does nitrogen have the highest oxidation state?

HNO3

Which of the following is paired incorrectly? A) H2SO4 - strong acid B) HNO3 - weak acid C) Ba(OH)2 - strong base D) HCl - strong acid E) NH3 - weak base

HNO3 - weak acid

The interaction between solute particles and water molecules, which tends to cause a salt to fall apart in water, is called

hydration

In the following reaction, which species is oxidized? 8NaI + 5H2SO4 → 4I2 + H2S + 4Na2SO4 + 4H2O

iodine

How many of the following salts are expected to be insoluble in water? sodium sulfide barium nitrate ammonium sulfate potassium phosphate

none

In the reaction P4(s) + 10Cl2(g) ® 4PCl5(s), the reducing agent is

phosphorus

An unknown substance dissolves readily in water but not in benzene (a nonpolar solvent). Molecules of what type are present in the substance?

polar

The following reactions: Pb2+ + 2I- → PbI2 2Ce4+ + 2I- → I2 + 2Ce3+ HOAc + NH3→ NH4+ + OAc- are examples of

precipitation, redox, and acid-base reactions, respectively

In the reaction N2(g) + 3H2(g) ® 2NH3(g), N2 is

reduced

In the reaction 2Cs(s) + Cl2(g) ® 2CsCl(s), Cl2 is

the oxidizing agent

Balance the following oxidation-reduction reaction using the oxidation number method: Fe3+ + I- → Fe2+ + I2 In the balanced equation, the coefficient of Fe2+ is

2

Consider the following unbalanced oxidation-reduction reaction: Fe2+ + Br2 → Fe3+ + Br- In the balanced equation, the number of electrons transferred is

2

The MnO4- is often used to analyze for the Fe2+ content of an aqueous solution via the reaction MnO4-(aq) + Fe2+(aq) + H+(aq) → Fe3+(aq) + Mn2+(aq) + H2O(l) What is the ratio of Fe2+ : MnO4- in the balanced equation?

5 : 1

What mass of NaOH is required to react exactly with 25.0 mL of 2.7 M H2SO4?

5.4 g

Balance the following oxidation-reduction reaction using the oxidation number method: Fe + Br2 → Fe3+ + Br- In the balanced equation, the coefficient of Br- is

6

The following reactions does not involve oxidation-reduction?

CH4 + 3O2 → 2H2O + CO2 Zn + 2HCl → ZnCl2 + H2 2Na + 2H2O → 2NaOH + H2 MnO2 + 4HCl → Cl2 + 2H2O + MnCl2

In the reaction 2Ca(s) + O2(g) ® 2CaO(s), which species is oxidized?

Ca

the following ions is most likely to form an insoluble sulfate?

Ca2+

Consider an aqueous solution of calcium nitrate added to an aqueous solution of sodium phosphate. What is the formula of the solid formed in the reaction?

Ca3(PO4)2

Which of the following statements is(are) true? Oxidation and reduction

Cannot occur independently of each other Describe the loss and gain of electron(s), respectively Result in a change in the oxidation states of the species involved

When solutions of cobalt(II) chloride and carbonic acid react, which of the following terms will be present in the net ionic equation?

CoCO3(s)

Identify the precipitate(s) formed (if any) in the following reaction in aqueous solution, Fe(NO3)2 + (NH4)2CO3 →

FeCO3(s)

Select the spectator ions for the following reaction, Pb(NO3)2 + 2 KCl → PbCl2 + 2 NaNO3

K+(aq), NO3-(aq)

Which of the following compounds is soluble in water?

K3PO4

Select the spectator ions for the following reaction in aqueous solution, AgNO3 + LiI → AgI + LiNO3

Li+(aq), NO3-(aq)

You have equal masses of different solutes dissolved in equal volumes of solution. Which of the solutes would make the solution having the highest molar concentration? A) NaOH B) KCl C) KOH D) LiOH E) all the same

LiOH

In writing the complete ionic equation for the reaction (if any) that occurs when aqueous solutions of KOH and Mg(NO3)2 are mixed, which of the following would not be written as ionic species?

Mg(OH)2

Which pair of ions would not be expected to form a precipitate when dilute solutions of each are mixed

Mg2+, SO42-

In which of the following does nitrogen have an oxidation state of +4?

NO2

The following salts is insoluble in water

Na2S K2CO3 Pb(NO3)2 CaCl2