Chapter 47 PrepU
A client who is receiving colestipol is also taking a thiazide diuretic. Which instruction would be most appropriate for the nurse to give?
"Take the thiazide diuretic about 1 hour before the colestipol."
What are examples of modifiable risk factors for hyperlipidemia? (Select all that apply.)
-Diet -Weight
What should the nurse review about an antihyperlipidemic medication with the client when completing discharge counseling? (Select all that apply.)
-Reason for taking the prescribed drug -Drug name -Correct dose -Frequency of administration -Dosage form
What information would be included in a lipoprotein profile? Select all that apply:
-Total cholesterol -LDL -Triglycerides
A patient with primary hypercholesterolemia has been prescribed 10 mg of ezetimibe per day by a physician. The physician has instructed the nurse to continue the drug therapy for 3 days. The drug is available in 10 mg capsules. How many capsules of the drug should the nurse administer to the patient during the entire therapy?
3 capsules
A client is receiving niacin as part of therapy for hyperlipoproteinemia. The nurse would explain that the lipid levels will usually begin to drop in approximately which amount of time?
5 to 7 days
Which activity increases high-density lipoproteins?
All of these
Which substance would a group of students identify as being responsible for breaking up dietary fats into smaller units?
Bile acids
A client with atrial fibrillation who is receiving oral anticoagulant therapy is receiving atorvastatin. The nurse would monitor this client for:
Bleeding
A patient with atrial fibrillation is receiving warfarin therapy. The patient is also prescribed ezetimibe. The nurse would instruct the patient to watch for:
Blood in urine or stool
Which would be classified as a bile acid sequestrant?
Cholestyramine
A patient who has been taking lovastatin (Mevacor) has seen an improvement in his cholesterol laboratory values; however, the low-density lipoprotein remains elevated. What medication will be added to the medical regime?
Cholestyramine (Questran)
Which would a nurse identify as a carrier for small units of fats?
Chylomicrons
A patient is taking cholestyramine (Questran) to reduce LDL cholesterol. Cholestyramine will cause a decrease in absorption of which medication?
Digoxin (Lanoxin)
A 57-year-old female client is postmenopausal. Lifestyle changes have not made a significant impact on her lipids. What would the nurse expect the physician to suggest?
Estrogen replacement therapy
A nurse is caring for a patient prescribed nicotinic acid for hyperlipidemia. What is experienced by patients taking nicotinic acid?
Flushing of the skin
A patient with hyperlipidemia is prescribed ezetimibe. Which ongoing assessment should the nurse perform during treatment?
Frequently monitor blood cholesterol.
After teaching a group of students about fats and biotransformation, the instructor determines that the teaching was successful when the students identify what as the storage location of bile acids?
Gallbladder
The three major classes of drugs used to control blood lipids are statins, bile acid resins (or sequestrants), and fibrates. Which is a fibrate?
Gemfibrozil
Which medication is classified as a fibric acid derivative (fibrate)?
Gemfibrozil (Lopid)
The nurse is evaluating the effectiveness of drug therapy in a client with hyperlipidemia. Effective therapy is best demonstrated by which laboratory values?
HDL 58 LDL 96 Cholesterol 178
The pharmacology instructor is discussing medications used in the treatment of dyslipidemia. Which drug class would the instructor identify as the most widely used dyslipidemia drugs?
HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors
Which drug will be most effective in reducing the major types of dyslipidemia?
HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors
Increased levels of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) combined with certain risk factors can lead to the development of which medical condition?
Heart disease
What is the most common reason for an elevated cholesterol level in a client who does not have a genetic disorder of lipid metabolism?
His dietary intake of saturated fat
A client asks how ezetimibe will help to treat high lipid levels. The nurse explains that:
It decreases the absorption of cholesterol in the small intestine.
Which lipid level would the nurse interpret as being high?
LDL cholesterol of 190 mg/dL
A client appears to be a candidate for statin therapy. What laboratory value should be assessed prior to initiating therapy?
LFT
The physician prescribes fibrate for a client with elevated triglycerides. The client begins to self-administer niacin approximately 3 mg daily. What would the nurse expect the physician to order?
LFTs
HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors (statins) are in which pregnancy category?
Pregnancy Category X
What should the nurse suggest to assist a client to improve his cholesterol levels?
Smoking cessation
A 37-year-old woman with moderately elevated lipid levels requests immediate pharmacotherapy for her dyslipidemia. The nurse explains that a period of intensive diet therapy and lifestyle modification will be utilized before drug therapy is considered. The nurse explains the rationale for this regimen as:
Therapeutic lifestyle changes are the preferred method for lowering blood lipids.
A patient with metabolic syndrome usually has increased plasminogen activator levels.
True
Cholesterol is the base unit for the formation of steroid hormones.
True
The most common adverse effects of lovastatin include:
headache and flatulence.
