Chapter 5 Color

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additive color

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primary additive colors

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secondary additive colors

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subtractive color

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chroma

another term for the intensity of a color

saturation

another term for the intensity of a color

intensity

brightness of a color. Pure colors, such as unmixed pigments, are most intense

local color

color we typically associate with obj's as they would be seen in direct sunlight

hue

color; the visual sensation created by specific parts of the visible spectrum, enabling us to label it, for example, as red or blue

secondary pigment colors

colors created by mixing primary colors. The secondary colors of pigments differ from the secondary colors of lights

tertiary colors

colors created by mixing secondary and primary colors. These colors of pigments differ from the tertiary colors of lights

intermediate triads

colors created w/ the mixture of a primary color and its adjacent secondary color

neutral colors

colors mixed with gray, and sometimes also weakened in intensity

primary pigment colors

colors of pigments that can't be created by mixing other colors: red, blue, and yellow

complementary colors

colors that sit across from one another on a color wheel and contrast most extremely

complementary color scheme

combination of two or more colors that lie across from one another on the color wheel; the combination tends to create feelings of dynamic contrast and disharmony

primary subtractive colors

cyan, magenta, and yellow pigments. Combined equal amounts, the result = black

optical color

depiction of colors as they are perceived under different lighting conditions

triad

group of 3 colors

primary triad

group of 3 primary colors identified by the placement of an equilateral triangle over a 12 point color wheel w/ yellow at the top

secondary triad

group of 3 secondary colors identified by the placement of an inverted equilateral triangle over a 12 point color wheel w/ yellow at the top

CMYK printing process

mixing of the 3 primary subtractive colors (cyan, yellow, magenta, black) in various proportions to obtain all colors in printed matter

Bauhaus School

school of architecture that taught students to integrate science and technology in their works

visible spectrum

segment of the spectrum of electromagnetic energy that excites the eyes and produces visual sensations, arranged in order of wavelengths

Op Art

style of art begun in the 1960s that creates the illusion of vibrations through afterimages, disorienting perspective, and the juxtaposition of contrasting colors; also called Optical art or Optical painting

analogous color scheme

the combination of two or more colors that lie adjacent to one another on the color wheel, tending to create a feeling of harmony

value

the lightness or darkness of a color

color discord

the result when colors that don't balance one another are used

pigment

the vehicle for color, be it paint, ink, or other material or substance

refract

to deflect light from a straight path, as by passing it through a medium (ex water)

color wheel

traditional wheel for representing colors of pigments, consisting of 12 colors (3 primary, 3 secondary, 6 tertiary colors)

arbitrary color

use of a color that is not normally associated with the subject being depicted

triadic color scheme

a 12 point color wheel w/ yellow at the top, such that an equilateral triangle connects the 3 primary colors

split complementary color scheme

a color scheme that uses a color among with the two colts adjacent to its complementary color, which tones down the contrast btwn the complementaries

tint

a high value of a color, created by the addition of white to a hue

shade

a low value of a color, created by the addition of black to a hue

monochromatic color scheme

a manner of using color in which one color dominates and is sometimes combined with its various tints and shades

prism

a transparent obj with triangular ends, usually made of glass, that separates white light passed through it into the visible spectrum

tone

a variety of values created by the addition of gray to a hue


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