Chapter 5 Color
additive color
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primary additive colors
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secondary additive colors
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subtractive color
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chroma
another term for the intensity of a color
saturation
another term for the intensity of a color
intensity
brightness of a color. Pure colors, such as unmixed pigments, are most intense
local color
color we typically associate with obj's as they would be seen in direct sunlight
hue
color; the visual sensation created by specific parts of the visible spectrum, enabling us to label it, for example, as red or blue
secondary pigment colors
colors created by mixing primary colors. The secondary colors of pigments differ from the secondary colors of lights
tertiary colors
colors created by mixing secondary and primary colors. These colors of pigments differ from the tertiary colors of lights
intermediate triads
colors created w/ the mixture of a primary color and its adjacent secondary color
neutral colors
colors mixed with gray, and sometimes also weakened in intensity
primary pigment colors
colors of pigments that can't be created by mixing other colors: red, blue, and yellow
complementary colors
colors that sit across from one another on a color wheel and contrast most extremely
complementary color scheme
combination of two or more colors that lie across from one another on the color wheel; the combination tends to create feelings of dynamic contrast and disharmony
primary subtractive colors
cyan, magenta, and yellow pigments. Combined equal amounts, the result = black
optical color
depiction of colors as they are perceived under different lighting conditions
triad
group of 3 colors
primary triad
group of 3 primary colors identified by the placement of an equilateral triangle over a 12 point color wheel w/ yellow at the top
secondary triad
group of 3 secondary colors identified by the placement of an inverted equilateral triangle over a 12 point color wheel w/ yellow at the top
CMYK printing process
mixing of the 3 primary subtractive colors (cyan, yellow, magenta, black) in various proportions to obtain all colors in printed matter
Bauhaus School
school of architecture that taught students to integrate science and technology in their works
visible spectrum
segment of the spectrum of electromagnetic energy that excites the eyes and produces visual sensations, arranged in order of wavelengths
Op Art
style of art begun in the 1960s that creates the illusion of vibrations through afterimages, disorienting perspective, and the juxtaposition of contrasting colors; also called Optical art or Optical painting
analogous color scheme
the combination of two or more colors that lie adjacent to one another on the color wheel, tending to create a feeling of harmony
value
the lightness or darkness of a color
color discord
the result when colors that don't balance one another are used
pigment
the vehicle for color, be it paint, ink, or other material or substance
refract
to deflect light from a straight path, as by passing it through a medium (ex water)
color wheel
traditional wheel for representing colors of pigments, consisting of 12 colors (3 primary, 3 secondary, 6 tertiary colors)
arbitrary color
use of a color that is not normally associated with the subject being depicted
triadic color scheme
a 12 point color wheel w/ yellow at the top, such that an equilateral triangle connects the 3 primary colors
split complementary color scheme
a color scheme that uses a color among with the two colts adjacent to its complementary color, which tones down the contrast btwn the complementaries
tint
a high value of a color, created by the addition of white to a hue
shade
a low value of a color, created by the addition of black to a hue
monochromatic color scheme
a manner of using color in which one color dominates and is sometimes combined with its various tints and shades
prism
a transparent obj with triangular ends, usually made of glass, that separates white light passed through it into the visible spectrum
tone
a variety of values created by the addition of gray to a hue