Chapter 5 Lesson 2 and 3

Coffins

A long, narrow box, typically of wood, in which a corpse is buried or cremated.

Thutmose III accomplishments

"The Napoleon of Ancient Egypt." He reigned from 1479 BC up until his death in 1425 BC and was responsible for the golden age of ancient Egypt. He amassed great wealth for Egypt. As a great ruler and brilliant general, Thutmose III established "Pax Egyptica." This term means a period of great peace and prosperity for his people.

Canopic Jars

A covered urn used in ancient Egyptian burials to hold the entrails from an embalmed body.

Pets

A domestic or tamed animal or bird kept for companionship or pleasure and treated with care and affection.

Deity(Deities)

A god or goddess in a polytheistic religion.

Isis

A goddess of fertility, the sister and wife of Osiris

Tombs

A large vault, typically an underground one, for burying the dead.

Dynasty (Dynasties)

A line of hereditary rulers of a country.

Papyrus

A material prepared in ancient Egypt from the pithy stem of a water plant, used in sheets throughout the ancient Mediterranean world for writing or painting on and also for making rope, sandals, and boats.

Envoy

A messenger or representative, especially one on a diplomatic mission.

Natron

A mineral salt found in dried lake beds, consisting of hydrated sodium carbonate.

Pyramid

A monumental structure with a square or triangular base and sloping sides that meet in a point at the top, especially one built of stone as a royal tomb in ancient Egypt.

Pharaoh

A ruler in ancient Egypt.

Felucca

A small vessel propelled by oars or lateen sails or both, used on the Nile and formerly more widely in the Mediterranean region.

Theocracy

A system of government in which priests rule in the name of God or a god.

Reasons for Egypt's decline after RII

After Ramses II died, Egypt declined. Pharaohs fought costly wars. Armies from the eastern Mediterranean attacked Egypt. By 1150 b.c., the Egyptian empire controlled only the Nile delta. In the 900s b.c., the Libyans conquered Egypt. Then, the people of Kush seized power. Finally, in 670 b.c., Egypt was taken over by the Assyrians from Mesopotamia.

Prince Ahmose

Ahmose's changed Egypt by conquering other land.

Amenhotep IV changes

Akhenaten known before the fifth year of his reign as Amenhotep IV, was a pharaoh of the Eighteenth dynasty of Egypt who ruled for 17 years and died perhaps in 1336 B.C.E. or 1334 B.C.E.

Tribute

An act, statement, or gift that is intended to show gratitude, respect, or admiration.

Priests

An ordained minister of the Catholic, Orthodox, or Anglican Church having the authority to perform certain rites and administer certain sacraments.

Syria and Anatolia

Anatolia east or sunrise; in modern Turkish: Anadolu, in geography known as Asia Minor

Hyksos, what did they do

Ancient Egyptians learned from Hyksos in many ways by the way the fought.

Cairo

Cairo, Egypt's sprawling capital, is set on the Nile River.

Linen

Cloth woven from flax.

The Book of The Dead

Collection of ancient Egyptian funerary texts from various periods, containing prayers, magic formulas, and hymns to be used by the soul of the deceased for guidance and protection on its journey to the afterlife.

Egyptian math skills, engineering

Egyptians created many things such as the 10 number system, the 365 day calendar and many more.

Mummy

Especially in ancient Egypt, a body of a human being or animal that has been ceremonially preserved by removal of the internal organs, treatment with natron and resin, and wrapping in bandages.

Roles of parents, children

Fathers were the head of the household and thought their boys how to become head of the household. Mothers taught women how to sew, and cook and how to help around the house.

Products involved in trade

Gold, Papyrus, Linen, Grain, and Artifacts.

Hapi

Hapi was the ancient Egyptian water god.

Queen Hatshepsut

Hatshepsut was a Pharaoh however she wanted to prove to her people that she was a good leader so she dressed like a male.

Afterlife

In some religions, life after death.

King Kuhfu

Khufu, is the ancient Egyptian pharaoh, who ruled during the Fourth Dynasty in the first half of the Old Kingdom period. The Sphinx was built to protect him

Lebanon

Lebanon, officially the Lebanese Republic, is a sovereign state in Asia. It is bordered by Syria to the north and east and Israel to the south.

Manual Labor

Manual work is physical work done by people, most especially in contrast to that done by machines, and to that done by working animals. Many people in Egypt did manual labor by helping with the pyramids.

Middle Kingdom (arts flourished)

Many arts flourished such as pottery, and jewelry..

Ancient Egyptian homes, customs

Many lived in small mud houses with palm leaves roofs that were one story. More wealthy people had gardens and fountains were made out of mud and were 2-3 stories.

Daily life of ancient Egypt

Many people had different lifestyles based on their social classes but they weather was hot and dry.

Medical Skills

Of or relating to the science of medicine, or to the treatment of illness and injuries.

Incense

Perfume with incense or a similar fragrance.

Phoenicia

Phoenicia was an ancient civilization composed of independent city-states which lay along the coast of the Mediterranean Sea stretching through what is now Syria, Lebannon and northern Israel.

Embalming

Preserving a corpse from decay, originally with spices.

Ramses II

Rameses II, also known as Ramesses the Great, was the third pharaoh of the Nineteenth Dynasty of Egypt. He is often regarded as the greatest, most celebrated, and most powerful pharaoh of the Egyptian Empire.

Re

Re was the ancient Egyptian sun god.

Skilled vs. Unskilled Labor

Skilled laborers had a better life in ancient Egypt because they were able to do things unlike unskilled laborers.

The Ages of Temples

The Ages of Temples was during Ramses II 66-year reign, Ramses also devoted himself to peaceful activities. Ramses II and other New Kingdom rulers had many temples built throughout Egypt.

Osiris

The Egyptian god of the underworld and husband and brother of Isis.

The Golden Age

The Golden Age occurred in the Middle Age was when art flourished in Egypt and also trade began to happen more.

The Great Pyramid

The Great Pyramid of Giza is the oldest and largest of the three pyramids in the Giza pyramid complex bordering what is now El Giza, Egypt.

Mittani and Hittite people

The Kingdom of Mittani, known to the people of the land, and the Assyrians, as Hanigalbat and to the Egyptians as Naharin and Metani, once stretched from present-day northern Iraq, down through Syria and into Turkey and was considered a great nation.

Middle Kingdom

The Middle Kingdom of Egypt (also known as The Period of Reunification) is the period in the history of ancient Egypt between about 2055 B.C.E. and 1650 B.C.E.

New Kingdom

The New Kingdom of Egypt, also referred to as the Egyptian Empire, is the period in ancient Egyptian history between 1550-1071 B.C.E.

Old Kingdom

The Old Kingdom is the name given to the period in the 3rd millennium BC when Egypt attained its first continuous peak of civilization. It began in 2600 and went to 2200.

The Valley of the Kings

The Valley of the Kings, the Valley of the Gates of the Kings, is a valley in Egypt where, for a period of nearly 500 years. Many Pharaohs were buried their.

Polytheism

The belief in or worship of more than one god.

Thoth

The god of wisdom, learning, and magic

How Pyramids were built

The pyramids were built by transporting the blocks with sleds.

Soul

The spiritual or immaterial part of a human being or animal, regarded as immortal.

Social Classes

The top class is made up of Pharaoh's, then their are Priests and Nobles, then scribes artisans, and finally the largest farmers, unskilled workers, and slaves. Though people can improve their social classes.

Thebes

Thebes, known to the ancient Egyptians as Waset, was an ancient Egyptian city located east of the Nile.

King Tut

Tutankhamun was an Egyptian pharaoh of the 18th dynasty, during the period of Egyptian history known as the New Kingdom or sometimes the New Empire Period. He has since his discovery been colloquially referred to as King Tut. He died when he was 19 just 10 years after he became Pharaoh.

Imhotep

Was an Egyptian polymath who served under the Third Dynasty king Djoser as chancellor to the pharaoh and high priest of the sun god Re at Heliopolis.

Role of women

Women were allowed more rights, they could obtain divorces and other things women in other early civilizations didn't have the rights too.

Bureacrat

an official in a government department, they also give out orders in which the Pharaoh assigned.