Chapter 5 Multiple Choice

Why were the federal courts a central focus of political battles in the early 1800s?

After the election of 1800, the Republicans were trying to limit the power, number, and role of Federalist judicial appointees.

Which statement best applies to slavery in the United States during the first quarter of the nineteenth century?

Agricultural expansion increased the value of slaves and frequency of their being traded in the domestic slave trade.

The presidential election of 1824 ended with

Andrew Jackson losing the election in the House of Representatives despite leading the popular vote

The reason the United States declared war against the British in 1812 was

British impressment of American sailors

Foreign relations preceding the War of 1812 presented a challenge for the young United States for all the following reasons except

British support of the Embargo Act led the New England states to thrive economically

Which group would most likely oppose a U.S. declaration of war in 1812?

Federalists from New England

What wartime experience did Andrew Jackson have in the War of 1812 before the Battle of New Orleans?

Fighting the Red Sticks (Creeks)

Which U.S. fort at Baltimore did a British fleet attack in 1814 during the War of 1812?

Fort McHenry

Which European power supported Tecumseh's pan-Indian alliance?

Great Britain

Why was the early fighting in the Battle of New Orleans considered a strategic military victory, even though it was a tactical defeat?

It allowed Jackson time to build earthworks and defenses to hold off a superior force.

A criticism the Indian tribes leveled against the Fort Wayne Treaty was that

William Henry Harrison's maneuvering created dissension within the tribes

Ultimately, Tecumseh's confederacy plans failed because of

a combined loss of Native American leadership and British support

As a result of the Hartford Convention and its aftermath, the Federalist Party became

a political party with diminishing electoral support

Thomas Jefferson's election in 1800 can most accurately be described as

a rejection of the Federalist policies of the 1790s

The main goal of Tecumseh's Confederacy was to unite Native American tribes

against encroachment of American settlers

The term "Slave Power" was

an expression of Northern frustration with Southern political dominance of the federal government

The War of 1812 was fought primarily

at sea and in the territory around the Great Lakes

According to the decision in Marbury v. Madison, a law is invalid when it

conflicts with the U.S. Constitution

Skills, character traits, and experience in Andrew Jackson's life prior to the Battle of New Orleans included all the following except

formal training in a military academy

In the first two decades of the nineteenth century, New Englanders more and more considered themselves a political minority because of

geographic expansion of the south and west

A main result of the decisions rendered during the Marshall Court years was

growing influence of the judicial branch in deciding the meaning of the U.S. Constitution

The Hartford Convention's recommendations and the Declaration of Independence are similar because they both

included a list of grievances against the ruling government

Securing access to New Orleans was of consistent national interest in early U.S. history because

it served as an entryway to the major transportation network of the western portion of the United States

The Marbury v. Madison decision established the precedent of

judicial review

A main objection of Tecumseh to the Treaty of Fort Wayne was

land was held communally by different Native American nations, not as private property

The amendments proposed by the Hartford Convention included provisions to

limit the power of Congress to declare war

Andrew Jackson commanded forces at the Battle of New Orleans that are best described as

militiamen mostly from the frontier, Choctaw allies, some pirates, and a few professional soldiers

The Whig Party was characterized by all the following except

opposition to the National Bank

Henry Clay was known as the "Great Compromiser" because

over three decades, he crafted multiple proposals that temporarily reduced sectionalist tensions

The sectional crisis sparked by the Tallmadge Amendments was temporarily resolved by the

passage of the Missouri Compromise of 1820

Supporters of economic nationalism believed

precedents established by the Marshall Court fostered positive federal government economic power and protected private property

All the following were part of President Thomas Jefferson's approach to financial policy except

renewing the charter of the national bank

The term "Era of Good Feelings" is misleading because

rising sectionalism led to disagreements over the Bank of the United States and tariffs

The constitutional principle best exemplified by the issues in the Marbury v. Madison case is

separation of powers

Henry Clay's political compromises are most closely associated with efforts to

smooth over sectional disputes that threatened to break apart the Union

The Three-Fifths Clause in the U.S. Constitution contributed to

southern electoral victories

The "compact theory" of government most clearly means

states hold the power to judge the constitutionality of federal legislation

The key industry to emerge in the United States in the decades immediately after the War of 1812 was

textiles

Henry Clay most likely gave his support to John Quincy Adams in the 1824 presidential election because

the New Englander supported Clay's "American system"

The most immediate, significant result of the Battle of New Orleans was

the elevation of Andrew Jackson's reputation and political popularity

During the Jeffersonian Era, the decisions of the U.S. Supreme Court illustrated

the emergence of a strong and independent branch of the U.S. constitutional system

Democratic-Republicans in the early nineteenth century supported all the following except

the recommendations of the Hartford Convention

Which song was written by Francis Scott Key, who witnessed the assault on the Baltimore fort?

"The Star-Spangled Banner"

The purchase of the Louisiana Territory represented a constitutional challenge for the United States because

Congress and the president lacked the clear constitutional authority to increase the size of the nation

Regarding the War of 1812, which statement is most accurate?

Congressional representatives from the newly admitted western states saw advantages in declaring war on the British.

What actions did Andrew Jackson take to prepare for the Battle of New Orleans?

Declared martial law, armed a free black regiment, and built ramparts

Which political party formed a decade after the political organizing of the Jacksonians?

Democratic Party

Which statement best describes Thomas Jefferson's first term as president?

He maintained his core principles and pragmatically adapted to the circumstances he faced in office.

How did Andrew Jackson respond to the outcome of the presidential election of 1824?

He organized an opposition party and ran again in 1828.

The "corrupt bargain" in the history of the early republic refers to the Jacksonians' accusation that

Henry Clay agreed to give electoral support to John Quincy Adams in return for becoming Secretary of State

Which is the correct chronological order of events related to the War of 1812?

Invasion of Washington, DC, writing of The Star-Spangled Banner, signing of the Treaty of Ghent

Which 1824 presidential candidate was not considered a representative of southern or western interests?

John Quincy Adams

Missouri's admission to the Union led to a crisis because

Missouri's entry threatened to further tip political power toward southern interests

How did the Federalists attempt to resist Democratic Republican rule in the early nineteenth century?

Some advocated secession, while moderates proposed a series of amendments to increase New England's political power.

Which idea is inconsistent with Jeffersonian Republicanism?

Support for Great Britain in foreign policy

What impact did Tecumseh have on his brother Tenskwatawa's followers?

Tecumseh transformed a religious movement into a political one.

Use the information in the provided table to respond the following question. Which statement is accurate based on the results?

The House of Representatives decided this election.

The constitutional provision that played a significant part in the election of 1824 was the

Twelfth Amendment

The map best illustrates which of the following?

U.S. interest in this area accelerated after the Louisiana Purchase.

Until the election of Andrew Jackson, the United States' chief executives all had come from

Virginia and Massachusetts

Which of the following represents the constitutional question at the center of the Marbury v. Madison case?

Was a law duly enacted by Congress but inconsistent with the U.S. Constitution valid?

During the War of 1812, the British successfully invaded

Washington, DC