Chapter 5 PART 1 Milady

Methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)

A type of infectious bacteria that is highly resistant to conventional treatments due to incorrect doses or choice of antibiotic

Mildew

Affect planes or grows in in animate object's but does not cause him infections in the salon

Systemic Infection

An infection throughout the body

Local Infection

And infection such as pimples, that confined to a particular part of the body in a peer a lesion containing pus

Disinfectants used in salons must be

Bactericidal Virucidal Fungicidal

tinea capitis

Cap

Biofilms

Colonies of bacteria that adhere together and adhere to environmental substances

Inflammation

Condition in which the body reacts to injury, irritation, or infection. An inflammation is characterized by redness, heat, pain, and swelling

Sterilization

Process that destroys all microbial life. Third step that can be incorporated, but it is very rarely mandated.

State Regulatory Agencies

Protect salon professionals and their clients' health and safety while they receive salon services

Decontamination

Removal of blood and all other potentially infectious materials on an item's surface. Removal of visible debris or residue such as dust, hair, and skin.

Understand the Principles of Infection

Salon professionals' responsibility. Risk injury or infection. Know and use proper procedure. Prevention.

Four types of potentially harmful organisms

1. Bacteria 2. Viruses 3. Fungi 4. Parasites

Proper infection control requires two steps

1. Cleaning 2. Disinfecting with an appropriate EPA-registered disinfectant

All 16 category SDS include:

1. Product identification 2. Hazard identification 3. Composition/Information on ingredients 4. First-aid measures 5. Fire-fighting measures 6. Accidental release measures 7. Handling and storage 8. Exposure controls/personal protection 9. Physical and chemical properties 10. Stability and reactivity 11. Toxicology information 12. Ecological information 13. Disposal consideration 14. Transport information 15. Regulatory information 16. Revision date

there are three ways to clean your tools or implements

1. Washing with soap and warm water, and then scrubbing them with a clean and properly disinfected nail brush 2. using an ultrasonic unit 3. using a cleaning solvent... e.g., on metal bits for electric files

Hepatitis

A blood borne virus that causes disease and can damaged the liver

motility

Different bacteria move in different ways; term used to describe self movement

Bloodborne pathogens

Disease causing microorganisms carried in the body by blood or body fluids.

Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS)

Disease that breaks down the bodies immune system

Contagious disease

Disease that can be caught from another person

binary fission

Divides into two cells

tinea pedis

Foot

Pathogens

Harmful microorganisms that enter the body and can cause disease

Acquired immunity

I need to do that the body develops after overwhelming a disease. Basically after fighting a disease

Folliculitis barbae

Informational of all kills caused by bacterial infection from ingrown hairs

Salon tools

MUST BE PROPERLY cleaned and disinfected so it is safe for you and your client. If not infections can be transmitted through the contaminated salon tools and equipment

Current Regulations for Health and Safety

Many different state and federal agencies regulate the practice of cosmetology.

Bacteria

Minute, one-celled microorganisms. Can exist almost anywhere. 1,500 rod-shaped bacteria will fit on the head of a pin.

Germs

Nonscientific synonym for disease-producing organisms

Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)

OSHA is a federal agency. Regulates and enforces standards for work place safety and health.

Safety Data Sheet (SDS)

Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970. MSDS created in response. Safety Data Sheet (SDS) replaces Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS).

Fungi

Once organism that grows in a regular masses that create mold, mildew, and yeast

Parasites

Organisms that grow, feed, and shelter on or in another organism referred to as host

natural immunity

Partly in here did and probably develop through healthy living

Bacterial Growth and Reproduction (Active)

Takes 20 to 60 minutes to reach full growth

Immunity

The ability of the body to destroy, resist, and recognize infection

Pus

The presence of pus can be a sign of infection. A fluid byproduct of the infectious process. It contains white blood cells, dead cells, and bacteria

Indirect Transmission

Transmission of blood or body fluids through contact with an intermediate contaminated object, such as a razor,extractor, nipper, or an environmental surface

Direct Transmission

Transmission of blood or body fluids through touching (including shaking hands), kissing, coughing, sneezing, and talking.

Toxin

Various poisonous substances produced by some microorganisms (bacteria and viruses)

Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)

Virus that causes Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS)

Disinfection

a chemical process that destroys most, but not necessarily all harmful organisms on environmental surfaces. The pathogens of concern in the cosmetology industry are effective destroyed by the disinfection process, which is required in all states

Tuberculosis

a disease caused by bacteria that are transmitted through coughing or sneezing

Clean

a mechanical process (scrubbing) using soap and water or detergent and water to remove all VISIBLE dirt, debris, and many disease causing germs from tools, equipment, and implements

Viruses

a parasitic submicroscopic particle that infects and resides in cells of biological organisms

Hazard identification

all hazards of using the chemical

Rules

also called regulations. More specific than laws. They determine how the law will be applied

microorganisms

any organism of microscopic or submicroscopic size

Bacterial spore

bacteria capable of producing a protective coating that allows them to withstand very harsh environments, and shed the coating when conditions become more favorable

Proper infection control

can prevent the spread of disease caused by exposure to potentially infectious materials on an item's surface.

Bactericidal

capable of destroying bacteria

Fungicidal

capable of destroying fungi

Virucidal

capable of destroying viruses

infectious

caused by or capable of being transmitted by infection

Disinfectants

chemical products that destroy most bacteria (excluding spores), fungi, and viruses on surface. Approved by EPA

Biofilms

colonies of microorganisms that adhere to environmental surfaces, as well as the human body.

Hospital disinfectants

designated by EPA as being effective enough to be used in a hospital setting. disinfectants that are effective for cleaning blood and body fluids.

Laws

determine the scope of practice and establish guidelines for regulatory agencies such as the EPA

Acquired immunity

developed after overcoming disease or through inoculation

Infectious disease

disease caused by pathogenic (harmful) microorganisms that enter the body. An infectious disease may be spread from one person to another person

Tuberculocidal disinfectants

disinfectants that kill the bacteria that causes tuberculosis

Disinfectants are not

for use on human skin, hair, or nails.

Pathogenic

harmful and disease-producing

Nonpathogenic (nothing but help)

helpful or harmless

Natural immunity

inborn ability

Ecological information

includes effects on wastewater and environment

First-aid measures

includes important symptoms/ effects- acute and delayed; required treatment

Composition/Information on ingredients

includes information on chemical ingredients

Disposal consideration

includes proper disposal and disposal restrictions

Transport information

includes restrictions on transport

Toxicology information

includes routes of exposure, related symptoms, acute and chronic effects

Tinea barbae

infection of the bearded parts of the face by ringworm

Physical and chemical properties

list the chemical's characteristics

Exposure controls/personal protection

lists OSHA's Permissible Exposure Limits (PEL); Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)

Regulatory information

lists agencies responsible for regulation of product

Stability and reactivity

lists chemical stability and possibility of hazardous reactions

Accidental release measures

lists emergency procedures, protective equipment; proper methods of containment and clean-up

Revision date

lists original date of document and any revision

Handling and storage

lists precautions for safe handling and storage, including incompatibilities

Fire-fighting measures

lists suitable extinguishing techniques, equipment; chemical hazards from fire

Rules (regulations)

more specific laws. written by regulatory agency or the state board, and they determine how the law must be applied. Rules establish specific standards of conduct and can be changed or updated frequently. Cosmetologist must be aware of any changes or updates to the rules and regulations, and they must comply with them.

Bacterial Infections

occur when body tissues are invaded by disease-causing, or pathogenic, bacteria

Bacteria

one-celled microorganisms that have both plant and animal characteristics. Some are harmful; some are harmless

Parasites

organisms that row, feed, and shelter on or in another organism(referred to as the host), while contributing nothing to the survival of that organism. Parasites must have a host!!

Viruses

parasitic submicroscopic particles that infect cells of biological organisms and are capable of taking over the host cell's reproductive function.

sterilization

process that destroys all microbial life, can be incorporated but it very rarely mandated.

Product identification

product identifier; manufacturer or distributor with contact information (including emergency phone number); recommended use of product and restriction on use

Staphylococci

pus-forming bacteria that grow in clusters like bunches of grapes.They can cause abscesses, boils, and pustules. Some types of staphylococci (or staph, ass many call it) may not cause infections in healthy human, and others may be deadly

Cocci

rarely show motility (self-movement)

Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)

registers all types of disinfectants sold and used in the United States

Cocci

round-shaped bacteria that appear singly (alone) or in groups

Bacilli

short, rod-shaped bacteria. They are the most common bacteria and produce diseases such as tetanus (lockjaw), typhoid fever, tuberculosis, and diphtheria

Fungi

single-cell organisms that grow in irregular masses that include molds, mildews, and yeasts; can produce contagious diseases such as ringworm

Diplococci

spherical bacteria that grows in pairs and cause diseases such as pneumonia

Spirilla

spiral or corkscrew-shaped bacteria. they are subdivided into subgroups, such as syphilis, a sexually transmitted disease (STD), and Lyme disease.

Bacterial Growth and Reproduction (Inactive)

spore-forming, the stage where a bacteria that is capable of forming a spore to protect itself does so to withstand an environment incompatible with its existence

Immunity

the ability of the body to fight off or resist infections and disease and to destroy bacteria that have entered the body

Infection control

the methods used to eliminate or reduce the transmission of infectious organisms

Laws (statutes)

written by both state and federal legislatures that determine the scope of practice ( what each license allows the holder to do) and that establish guidelines for regulatory agencies to make rules.