Chapter 5 PART 1 Milady
Methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)
A type of infectious bacteria that is highly resistant to conventional treatments due to incorrect doses or choice of antibiotic
Mildew
Affect planes or grows in in animate object's but does not cause him infections in the salon
Systemic Infection
An infection throughout the body
Local Infection
And infection such as pimples, that confined to a particular part of the body in a peer a lesion containing pus
Disinfectants used in salons must be
Bactericidal Virucidal Fungicidal
tinea capitis
Cap
Biofilms
Colonies of bacteria that adhere together and adhere to environmental substances
Inflammation
Condition in which the body reacts to injury, irritation, or infection. An inflammation is characterized by redness, heat, pain, and swelling
Sterilization
Process that destroys all microbial life. Third step that can be incorporated, but it is very rarely mandated.
State Regulatory Agencies
Protect salon professionals and their clients' health and safety while they receive salon services
Decontamination
Removal of blood and all other potentially infectious materials on an item's surface. Removal of visible debris or residue such as dust, hair, and skin.
Understand the Principles of Infection
Salon professionals' responsibility. Risk injury or infection. Know and use proper procedure. Prevention.
Four types of potentially harmful organisms
1. Bacteria 2. Viruses 3. Fungi 4. Parasites
Proper infection control requires two steps
1. Cleaning 2. Disinfecting with an appropriate EPA-registered disinfectant
All 16 category SDS include:
1. Product identification 2. Hazard identification 3. Composition/Information on ingredients 4. First-aid measures 5. Fire-fighting measures 6. Accidental release measures 7. Handling and storage 8. Exposure controls/personal protection 9. Physical and chemical properties 10. Stability and reactivity 11. Toxicology information 12. Ecological information 13. Disposal consideration 14. Transport information 15. Regulatory information 16. Revision date
there are three ways to clean your tools or implements
1. Washing with soap and warm water, and then scrubbing them with a clean and properly disinfected nail brush 2. using an ultrasonic unit 3. using a cleaning solvent... e.g., on metal bits for electric files
Hepatitis
A blood borne virus that causes disease and can damaged the liver
motility
Different bacteria move in different ways; term used to describe self movement
Bloodborne pathogens
Disease causing microorganisms carried in the body by blood or body fluids.
Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS)
Disease that breaks down the bodies immune system
Contagious disease
Disease that can be caught from another person
binary fission
Divides into two cells
tinea pedis
Foot
Pathogens
Harmful microorganisms that enter the body and can cause disease
Acquired immunity
I need to do that the body develops after overwhelming a disease. Basically after fighting a disease
Folliculitis barbae
Informational of all kills caused by bacterial infection from ingrown hairs
Salon tools
MUST BE PROPERLY cleaned and disinfected so it is safe for you and your client. If not infections can be transmitted through the contaminated salon tools and equipment
Current Regulations for Health and Safety
Many different state and federal agencies regulate the practice of cosmetology.
Bacteria
Minute, one-celled microorganisms. Can exist almost anywhere. 1,500 rod-shaped bacteria will fit on the head of a pin.
Germs
Nonscientific synonym for disease-producing organisms
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)
OSHA is a federal agency. Regulates and enforces standards for work place safety and health.
Safety Data Sheet (SDS)
Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970. MSDS created in response. Safety Data Sheet (SDS) replaces Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS).
Fungi
Once organism that grows in a regular masses that create mold, mildew, and yeast
Parasites
Organisms that grow, feed, and shelter on or in another organism referred to as host
natural immunity
Partly in here did and probably develop through healthy living
Bacterial Growth and Reproduction (Active)
Takes 20 to 60 minutes to reach full growth
Immunity
The ability of the body to destroy, resist, and recognize infection
Pus
The presence of pus can be a sign of infection. A fluid byproduct of the infectious process. It contains white blood cells, dead cells, and bacteria
Indirect Transmission
Transmission of blood or body fluids through contact with an intermediate contaminated object, such as a razor,extractor, nipper, or an environmental surface
Direct Transmission
Transmission of blood or body fluids through touching (including shaking hands), kissing, coughing, sneezing, and talking.
Toxin
Various poisonous substances produced by some microorganisms (bacteria and viruses)
Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)
Virus that causes Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS)
Disinfection
a chemical process that destroys most, but not necessarily all harmful organisms on environmental surfaces. The pathogens of concern in the cosmetology industry are effective destroyed by the disinfection process, which is required in all states
Tuberculosis
a disease caused by bacteria that are transmitted through coughing or sneezing
Clean
a mechanical process (scrubbing) using soap and water or detergent and water to remove all VISIBLE dirt, debris, and many disease causing germs from tools, equipment, and implements
Viruses
a parasitic submicroscopic particle that infects and resides in cells of biological organisms
Hazard identification
all hazards of using the chemical
Rules
also called regulations. More specific than laws. They determine how the law will be applied
microorganisms
any organism of microscopic or submicroscopic size
Bacterial spore
bacteria capable of producing a protective coating that allows them to withstand very harsh environments, and shed the coating when conditions become more favorable
Proper infection control
can prevent the spread of disease caused by exposure to potentially infectious materials on an item's surface.
Bactericidal
capable of destroying bacteria
Fungicidal
capable of destroying fungi
Virucidal
capable of destroying viruses
infectious
caused by or capable of being transmitted by infection
Disinfectants
chemical products that destroy most bacteria (excluding spores), fungi, and viruses on surface. Approved by EPA
Biofilms
colonies of microorganisms that adhere to environmental surfaces, as well as the human body.
Hospital disinfectants
designated by EPA as being effective enough to be used in a hospital setting. disinfectants that are effective for cleaning blood and body fluids.
Laws
determine the scope of practice and establish guidelines for regulatory agencies such as the EPA
Acquired immunity
developed after overcoming disease or through inoculation
Infectious disease
disease caused by pathogenic (harmful) microorganisms that enter the body. An infectious disease may be spread from one person to another person
Tuberculocidal disinfectants
disinfectants that kill the bacteria that causes tuberculosis
Disinfectants are not
for use on human skin, hair, or nails.
Pathogenic
harmful and disease-producing
Nonpathogenic (nothing but help)
helpful or harmless
Natural immunity
inborn ability
Ecological information
includes effects on wastewater and environment
First-aid measures
includes important symptoms/ effects- acute and delayed; required treatment
Composition/Information on ingredients
includes information on chemical ingredients
Disposal consideration
includes proper disposal and disposal restrictions
Transport information
includes restrictions on transport
Toxicology information
includes routes of exposure, related symptoms, acute and chronic effects
Tinea barbae
infection of the bearded parts of the face by ringworm
Physical and chemical properties
list the chemical's characteristics
Exposure controls/personal protection
lists OSHA's Permissible Exposure Limits (PEL); Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)
Regulatory information
lists agencies responsible for regulation of product
Stability and reactivity
lists chemical stability and possibility of hazardous reactions
Accidental release measures
lists emergency procedures, protective equipment; proper methods of containment and clean-up
Revision date
lists original date of document and any revision
Handling and storage
lists precautions for safe handling and storage, including incompatibilities
Fire-fighting measures
lists suitable extinguishing techniques, equipment; chemical hazards from fire
Rules (regulations)
more specific laws. written by regulatory agency or the state board, and they determine how the law must be applied. Rules establish specific standards of conduct and can be changed or updated frequently. Cosmetologist must be aware of any changes or updates to the rules and regulations, and they must comply with them.
Bacterial Infections
occur when body tissues are invaded by disease-causing, or pathogenic, bacteria
Bacteria
one-celled microorganisms that have both plant and animal characteristics. Some are harmful; some are harmless
Parasites
organisms that row, feed, and shelter on or in another organism(referred to as the host), while contributing nothing to the survival of that organism. Parasites must have a host!!
Viruses
parasitic submicroscopic particles that infect cells of biological organisms and are capable of taking over the host cell's reproductive function.
sterilization
process that destroys all microbial life, can be incorporated but it very rarely mandated.
Product identification
product identifier; manufacturer or distributor with contact information (including emergency phone number); recommended use of product and restriction on use
Staphylococci
pus-forming bacteria that grow in clusters like bunches of grapes.They can cause abscesses, boils, and pustules. Some types of staphylococci (or staph, ass many call it) may not cause infections in healthy human, and others may be deadly
Cocci
rarely show motility (self-movement)
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)
registers all types of disinfectants sold and used in the United States
Cocci
round-shaped bacteria that appear singly (alone) or in groups
Bacilli
short, rod-shaped bacteria. They are the most common bacteria and produce diseases such as tetanus (lockjaw), typhoid fever, tuberculosis, and diphtheria
Fungi
single-cell organisms that grow in irregular masses that include molds, mildews, and yeasts; can produce contagious diseases such as ringworm
Diplococci
spherical bacteria that grows in pairs and cause diseases such as pneumonia
Spirilla
spiral or corkscrew-shaped bacteria. they are subdivided into subgroups, such as syphilis, a sexually transmitted disease (STD), and Lyme disease.
Bacterial Growth and Reproduction (Inactive)
spore-forming, the stage where a bacteria that is capable of forming a spore to protect itself does so to withstand an environment incompatible with its existence
Immunity
the ability of the body to fight off or resist infections and disease and to destroy bacteria that have entered the body
Infection control
the methods used to eliminate or reduce the transmission of infectious organisms
Laws (statutes)
written by both state and federal legislatures that determine the scope of practice ( what each license allows the holder to do) and that establish guidelines for regulatory agencies to make rules.