Chapter 5 Quiz questions
you have been severely burned on the right arm in a house fire, but you are now recovering. the second- and third-degree burns have destroyed .... consequences of this burn
no growth of hair in the damaged skin area
functions of the skin include
regulating body temperature
In albinism, ________ is lacking.
melanin
As an adolescent looking at pimples on your face, you think about what they are. You decide that they are related to ________ on your skin.
sebum
Which of the following is NOT a function of the integumentary system?
movement
As cells are pushed from the deeper portion of the epidermis toward the surface,
they die
Structure L on the diagram
arrector pili
Projections of loose connective tissue from the dermis, which extend upward between the adjacent ridges of the epidermis, are called ________
dermal papillae
Epidermal cells are supplied with nutrients from blood vessels located in the
dermis
The part of the skin at the bottom in a lighter color is the
dermis
This layer is composed of a high concentration of collagen fibers
dermis
what is one of the primary functions of the sebaceous glands?
inhibition of the growth of bacteria
perspiration hat is produced by apocrine sweat glands
is limited to the hair follicles of the axilla, nipples, and groin
The protein that contributes to many of the skin's protective qualities is called
keratin
Modified and specialized sweat glands that produce milk are called ________ glands.
mammary
The deepest layer of cells in the epidermis is the cells of the _____
stratum basale
in which of the epidermal layers are the cells undergoing mitosis?
stratum basale
When a person becomes "pale," what is the physiologic basis?
the blood supply to the skin decreases
what is structure A?
the epidermis
Why are injections administered in the hypodermis when administering drugs using a hypodermic needle?
there are no vital organs in the region
which statement is true for merocrine sweat glands?
they are more numerous than apocrine sweat glands
Melanin serves to protect cells in the deeper layers of the epidermis from
ultraviolet radiation
Which statement is correct?
a hair shaft is made of varying densities and consistencies of keratin
In other mammals, the ________ glands function as scent glands, providing an important form of communication.
apocrine
which gland is responsible for odorous secretions concentrated in the armpits and groin?
apocrine sweat gland
the subcutaneous layer consists of
areolar and adipose tissue
the _______ is associated with the puckering of skin and the pulling of the hair follicle
arrector pili
What structure is deep to the epidermis and superficial to the dermis?
basement membrane
Exposure of the skin to ultraviolet light
can increase melanocyte activity
________ is a pigment found in vegetables that can make skin appear orange or yellow.
carotene
Which of the following is NOT a function of the integument?
conduction of electrical impulses
identify the structures that are responsible for the stretching of the skin during pregnancy
elastic fibers found in the reticular layer of the dermis
The structure composed of stratified squamous epithelium is
epidermis
Thin skin is defined by the thickness of the
epidermis
which of the following is the correct order of the layers of the cutaneous membrane?
epidermis, dermis, hypodermis
Since the epidermis is avascular, how do the epidermal cells obtain their nutrients?
from the blood vessels in the adjacent dermis
Hair is formed by the repeated divisions of epithelial stem cells in which structure?
hair matrix
which of the following structures are composed of dead cells?
hair shaft, nail body, stratum corneum
Through which cellular interactions are the cells of the stratum basale firmly attached to the plasma membrane?
hemidesmosomes
in what layer of the skin is a hypodermic needle placed for an injection of a drug?
hypodermis
Which of the following is the function of the combination of epidermal ridges and dermal papillae?
increase surface area for diffusion between the dermis and epidermis
The observed differences in skin color reflect the levels of ________ production.
melanin
which of the following is a red-yellow or brown-black pigment produced in the epidermis?
melanin
the lowest level of cells of the strata consists of
mitotically active epithelial cells
nerve fibers in the dermis most likely function in
monitoring sensory receptors in the dermis
drugs suspended in _______ or ______ can be carried across the plasma membranes of the epidermal cells
oils ; lipid-soluble solvents
What is the most superficial strata called?
stratum corneum
the layer of the epidermis at the exposed surface is the
stratum corneum
where is keratin concentration the highest?
stratum corneum
The ________ layer of the skin contains bundles of collagen fibers and elastin, and is responsible for the mechanical strength and flexibility of the skin.
reticular
mammary glands are modified
sweat glands
function of arrector pili muscle
to change the orientation of the hair shaft
the hypodermis
is quite elastic
When the arrector pili muscles contract,
"goose bumps" are formed
what is structure J on the diagram?
Sensory receptor
identify the structure that are responsible for the stretching of the skin during pregnancy
elastic fibers found in the reticular layer of the dermis
on average, we lose about 50 hairs from the head each day, but several factors may affect this rate. sustained losses of over 100 hairs per day generally indicate a net loss of hair. temporary increases in hair loss can result from drugs (including chemotherapeutic agents), radiation, dietary factors, high fever, stress, or hormonal factors related to pregnancy. what structure produces hair?
hair follicle
merocrine sweat glands
respond primarily to elevated body temperature
The ___ layer of the skin contains bundles of collagen fibers and elastin, and is responsible for the mechanical strength and flexibility of the skin.
reticular
choose the correct order of the cell layers, or strata, in a section of thick skin, from the basement membrane toward the free surface (deep to superficial)
S. basale S. spinosum S. granulosum S. lucidum S. corneum
Why would the ink of permanent tattoos be deposited in the dermis, and not the epidermis of the skin?
The epidermis is continually replaced by new cells as old cells are shed
The epidermis layer whose cells have stopped dividing and started to produce large amounts of keratin is the
stratum granulosum
the epidermal layer whose cells have stopped dividing and started to produce large amounts of keratin is the
stratum granulosum
the excessive production of keratin is called hyperkeratosis. Calluses and corns are easily observed examples of hyperkeratosis. What epidermal layer is characterized by cells that have stopped dividing and have begun making large amounts of keratin?
stratum granulosum
which of the following structures are responsible for the formation of fingerprints
epidermal ridges and dermal papillae
which of the following contains large quantities of adipose tissue, blood vessels, and nerve cells, but does not contain any vital organs?
hypodermis
How would you explain to your roommate, who has NEVER taken an A&P class, why a superficial paper cut to his index finger did not bleed?
epidermis, the top layer of the skin, is epithelial tissue and has no blood vessels
which layer identifies the area where a hypodermic needle would be placed for an injection of a drug?
hypodermis